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Cassava Groundnut Intercropping: A Sustainable Land Management Practice for Increasing Crop Productivity and Organic Carbon Stock on Smallholder Farms
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作者 Keiwoma M. Yila Mohamed S. Lebbie +3 位作者 Abdul R. Conteh Mohamed S. Kamara Lamin I. Kamara Mathew L. S. Gboku 《Agricultural Sciences》 CAS 2023年第1期73-87,共15页
Cassava-groundnut intercropping is not a common practice among smallholder farmers in Sierra Leone even though both crops are well suited for intercropping. On-farm trials were conducted in three locations (Bai Largor... Cassava-groundnut intercropping is not a common practice among smallholder farmers in Sierra Leone even though both crops are well suited for intercropping. On-farm trials were conducted in three locations (Bai Largor, Bassah, and Njala Kanima) in the Moyamba district during the 2021 cropping season to investigate the efficacy of cassava-groundnut intercropping for increasing crop productivity and soil organic carbon stock on smallholder farms in the Moyamba district, Southern Sierra Leone. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in three replications with treatments of sole groundnut, sole cassava and cassava-groundnut intercropping. Data on the yield and yield components of cassava and groundnut were analysed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 and means were compared using the standard error of difference (SED). The above-ground biomass, number of roots per plant, and fresh root yield of cassava were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the cassava-based cropping system. Averaged across locations, intercropping cassava with groundnut decreased the above-ground biomass, the number of roots per plant, and fresh root yield of cassava by 17%, 11%, and 17%, respectively. The above-ground biomass, number of pods per plant and fresh pod yield of groundnut were significantly (p 1), the highest net revenue and benefit-cost ratio. The benefit-cost ratio was also favourable for the sole cassava (BCR > 1) but not favourable for the sole groundnut (BCR < 1). Averaged across locations, intercropping cassava with groundnut increased the benefit-cost ratio by 121% and 13% when compared to the sole groundnut and sole cassava. In the event of a 40% yield loss for the cassava and groundnut, the benefit-cost ratio was favourable (1.12) only for the cassava groundnut intercropping system. The net soil organic carbon stock was favourable only for the cassava-groundnut intercrop. Averaged across locations, the net soil organic carbon for the cassava-groundnut intercropping increased by 3.4% when compared to the baseline within one cropping cycle of the cassava (12 months). The results confirm that cassava-groundnut intercropping is a sustainable land management practice that could enhance crop productivity and soil organic carbon stock on smallholder farms. 展开更多
关键词 Benefit-Cost ratio Cassava-Groundnut Intercropping land Equivalent ratio Soil Organic Carbon Sustainable land Management
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Analysis on Waxy Corn/Soybean Intercropping Pattern and Economic Benefit 被引量:1
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作者 秦燕 郭泓鋆 +4 位作者 杨进 赵永康 杨洪 韩庆新 李兰 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第1期48-50,共3页
The research mainly analyzed effects of waxy corn/soybean intercropping on yields of the two crops, as well as agronomic characters, and the economic benefits of the mode. The results showed that although yields of wa... The research mainly analyzed effects of waxy corn/soybean intercropping on yields of the two crops, as well as agronomic characters, and the economic benefits of the mode. The results showed that although yields of waxy corn and soybean went down by 21.19% and 31.04% per unit area, land equivalent ratio(1.48) kept higher than 1, suggesting the intercropping improves land use rate. Besides, due to the practice of intercropping, many characters of waxy corn grew, but of soybean declined. The economic benefits from high to low were waxy corn/soybean intercropping, monoculture of waxy corn, and monoculture of soybean. 展开更多
关键词 Waxy corn/soybean intercropping land equivalent ratio Economic benefit
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Yield performance and optimal nitrogen and phosphorus application rates in wheat and faba bean intercropping 被引量:2
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作者 XIAO Jing-xiu ZHU Ying-an +3 位作者 BAI Wen-lian LIU Zhen-yang TANG Li ZHENG Yi 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第11期3012-3025,共14页
Yield performance in cereal and legume intercropping is related to nutrient management,however,the yield response of companion crops to nitrogen(N)input is inconclusive and only limited efforts have focused on ratione... Yield performance in cereal and legume intercropping is related to nutrient management,however,the yield response of companion crops to nitrogen(N)input is inconclusive and only limited efforts have focused on rationed phosphorous(P)fertilization.In this study,two multi-year field experiments were implemented from 2014-2019 under identical conditions.Two factors in a randomized complete block design were adopted in both experiments.In field experiment 1,the two factors included three planting patterns(mono-cropped wheat(MW),mono-cropped faba bean(MF),and wheat and faba bean intercropping(W//F))and four N application rates(N0,0 kg N ha^(-1);N1,90 and 45 kg N ha^(-1) for wheat and faba beans,respectively;N2,180 and 90 kg N ha^(-1) for wheat and faba beans,respectively;and N3,270 and 135 kg N ha^(-1) for wheat and faba beans,respectively).In field experiment 2,the two factors included three P application rates(P0,0 kg P_(2)O_(5) ha^(-1);P1,45 kg P_(2)O_(5) ha^(-1);and P2,90 kg P_(2)O_(5) ha^(-1))and the same three planting patterns(MW,MF,and W//F).The yield performances of inter-and mono-cropped wheat and faba beans under different N and P application rates were analyzed and the optimal N and P rates for intercropped wheat(IW)and MW were estimated.The results revealed that intercropping favored wheat yield and was adverse to faba bean yield.Wheat yield increased by 18-26%,but faba bean yield decreased by 5-21% in W//F compared to MW and MF,respectively.The stimulated IW yield drove the yield advantage in W//F with an average land equivalent ratio(LER)of 1.12.N and P fertilization benefited IW yield,but reduced intercropped faba bean(IF)yield.Nevertheless,the partial LER of wheat(pLER_(wheat))decreased with increasing N application rates,and the partial LER of faba bean(pLER_(faba bean))decreased with increasing P application rates.Thus,LER decreased as N input increased and tended to decline as P rates increased.IW maintained a similar yield as MW,even under reduced 40-50% N fertilizer and 30-40% P fertilizer conditions.The estimated optimum N application rates for IW and MW were 150 and 168 kg ha^(-1),respectively,and 63 and 62 kg ha^(-1) for P_(2)O_(5),respectively.In conclusion,W//F exhibited yield advantages due to stimulated IW yield,but the intercropping yield benefit decreased as N and P inputs increased.Thus,it was concluded that modulated N and P rates could maximize the economic and ecological functions of intercropping.Based on the results,rates of 150 kg N ha^(-1) and 60 kg P_(2)O_(5) ha^(-1) are recommended for IW production in southwestern China and places with similar conditions. 展开更多
关键词 land equivalent ratio nitrogen and phosphorus optimal application rate wheat and faba bean intercropping yield performance
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Advantages of Maize-Legume Intercropping Systems 被引量:3
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作者 Shyamal Kheroar Bikas Chandra Patra 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B)》 2013年第10期733-744,共12页
An experiment was conducted during Kharif seasons of 2009 and 2010 on sandy loam soil of West Bengal, India to evaluate the productivity and economic viability of maize + legume intercropping systems in additive as w... An experiment was conducted during Kharif seasons of 2009 and 2010 on sandy loam soil of West Bengal, India to evaluate the productivity and economic viability of maize + legume intercropping systems in additive as well as in replacement series with different row proportions. Maize (Zea rnays L.) cv. "Vijay" (composite), green gram (Vigna radiata L.) cv. "Samrat", black gram (Vigna mungo L.) cv. "Sarada", soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) cv. "PK 327" and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. "JL 24", were tested in monoculture as well as in intercropping situations with 1:1 (additive series) and 1:2 ratios (replacement series). The result indicated that intercropped legumes improved the yield components of maize and offered some bonus yield. The highest maize grain yield (2,916.28 kg/ha) and maize equivalent yield (4,831.45 kg/ha) were recorded with maize + green gram (1:1) and maize + peanut (1:I), respectively. The values of all the competition functions were always greater than unity and maize + black gram (1:2) recorded the highest values of land equivalent ratio (1.433), area time equivalent ratio (1.374) and land equivalent coefficient (0.421). Maximum monetary advantage (Rs. 10,579.13) was found with maize + green gam (l:1). Maize + peanut (1:2) combination recorded the highest relative net return (2.01), net return (Rs. 28,523.08), benefit-cost ratio (2.76) ad per day return (Rs. 259.30). 展开更多
关键词 Maize (Zea mays L.) INTERCROPPING LEGUME monetary advantage land equivalent ratio area time equivalent ratio relative net return benefit-cost ratio.
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Agronomic and Economic Evaluation for Intercropping between Chewing Cane and Peanut 被引量:1
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作者 Yufeng LIU Yumo TAN +1 位作者 Dan LIANG Yongming LAI 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2022年第2期1-9,共9页
[Objectives]To explore the proper intercropping pattern between chewing cane and peanut.[Methods]A field experiment was carried out to investigate the yield and economic benefit of chewing cane and peanut,as well as t... [Objectives]To explore the proper intercropping pattern between chewing cane and peanut.[Methods]A field experiment was carried out to investigate the yield and economic benefit of chewing cane and peanut,as well as the changes in soil properties under different chewing cane/peanut intercropping patterns.Three chewing cane/peanut intercropping patterns were designed,in which with every row of chewing cane intercropping one row of peanut(CP_(1)),intercropping two rows of peanut(CP_(2))and chewing cane mono-cropping(MC).[Results]It had no significant effect on the agronomic characters of chewing cane and peanut in CP_(1)and CP_(2),compared with MC.The soil properties before the planting(BP)and after the harvest(AH)indicated that the chewing cane/peanut intercropping patterns significantly increased soil organic matter and soil available nitrogen contents,but decreased soil available potassium contents,and CP_(2)had better effect on soil structure than CP_(1).The total production value and economic benefit were increased significantly on the CP_(1)and CP_(2),comparing the MC,and the benefit of CP_(2)was higher significantly than that of CP_(1).The land equivalent ratios(LER)for CP_(1)and CP_(2)were 1.94 and 1.72,respectively,which was significantly higher than that of MC(0.83).Although planting cost was increased in chewing cane/peanut intercropping patterns partly,the production value and the profits were enhanced significantly.[Conclusions]CP_(2)could be significantly advantageous for the yield and benefits of chewing cane and peanut and soil properties.The favorable intercropping pattern for economic return would be one row of 120 cm width for chewing cane with two rows of peanut. 展开更多
关键词 Chewing cane PEANUT INTERPLANTING Soil property Economic benefit land equivalent ratio
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Effects of Maize-Soybean Intercropping on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Silt Loam Soil in the North China Plain 被引量:1
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作者 HUANG Jianxiong SUI Peng +1 位作者 GAO Wansheng CHEN Yuanquan 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第6期764-772,共9页
Maize ( Zea mays L.), a staple crop in the North China Plain, contributing substantially to agricultural nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions in this region. Many studies have focused on various agricultural management mea... Maize ( Zea mays L.), a staple crop in the North China Plain, contributing substantially to agricultural nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions in this region. Many studies have focused on various agricultural management measures to reduce N 2 O emissions. However, few have investigated soil N 2 O emissions in intercropping systems. In the current study, we investigate whether maize-soybean intercropping treatments could reduce N 2 O emission rates. Two differently configured maize-soybean intercropping treatments, 2:2 intercropping (two rows of maize and two rows of soybean, 2M2S) and 2:1 intercropping (two rows of maize and one row of soybean, 2M1S), and monocultured maize (M) and soybean (S) treatments were performed using a static chamber method. The results showed no distinct yield advantage for the intercropping systems. The total N 2 O production from the various treatments was 0.15 ± 0.04–113.85 ± 12.75 µg m −2 min −1 . The cumulative N 2 O emission from the M treatment was 16.9 ± 2.3 kg ha −1 over the entire growing season (three and a half months), which was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) than that of the 2M2S and 2M1S treatments by 36.6% and 32.2%, respectively. Two applications of nitrogen (N) fertilizer (as urea) at 240 kg N ha −1 each induced considerable soil N 2 O fluxes. Short-term N 2 O emissions (within one week after each of the two N applications) accounted for 74.4%–83.3% of the total emissions. Soil moisture, temperature, and inorganic N were significantly correlated with soil N 2 O emissions ( R 2 = 0.246–0.365, n = 192, P < 0.001). Soil nitrate (NO − )3 and moisture decreased in the intercropping treatments during the growing season. These results indicate that maize-soybean intercropping can reduce soil N 2 O emissions relative to monocultured maize. 展开更多
关键词 Climate change Denitrification Intercropping system land equivalent ratio NITRIFICATION Nitrous oxide flux Soil temperature Soil water-filled pore space
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THE 4C APPROACH AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND SPECIES INTERACTIONS DETERMINING INTERCROPPING PRODUCTIVITY 被引量:1
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作者 Eric JUSTES Laurent BEDOUSSAC +11 位作者 Christos DORDAS Ela FRAK Gaetan LOUARN Simon BOUDSOCQ Etienne-Pascal JOURNET Anastasios LITHOURGIDIS Chrysanthi PANKOU Chaochun ZHANG Georg CARLSSON Erik Steen JENSEN Christine WATSON Long LI 《Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering》 2021年第3期387-399,共13页
Modern agriculture needs to develop transition pathways toward agroecological,resilient and sustainable farming systems.One key pathway for such agroecological intensification is the diversification of cropping system... Modern agriculture needs to develop transition pathways toward agroecological,resilient and sustainable farming systems.One key pathway for such agroecological intensification is the diversification of cropping systems using intercropping and notably cereal-grain legume mixtures.Such mixtures or intercrops have the potential to increase and stabilize yields and improve cereal grain protein concentration in comparison to sole crops.Species mixtures are complex and the 4C approach is both a pedagogical and scientific way to represent the combination of four joint effects of Competition,Complementarity,Cooperation,and Compensation as processes or effects occurring simultaneously and dynamically between species over the whole cropping cycle.Competition is when plants have fairly similar requirements for abiotic resources in space and time,the result of all processes that occur when one species has a greater ability to use limiting resources(e.g.,nutrients,water,space,light)than others.Complementarity is when plants grown together have different requirements for abiotic resources in space,time or form.Cooperation is when the modification of the environment by one species is beneficial to the other(s).Compensation is when the failure of one species is compensated by the other(s)because they differ in their sensitivity to abiotic stress.The 4C approach allows to assess the performance of arable intercropping versus classical sole cropping through understanding the use of abiotic resources. 展开更多
关键词 compensation COMPETITION complementarity cooperation interspecific interactions land equivalent ratio light NUTRIENTS species mixtures water
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