With the rapid urbanization in Beijing, the vegetated surfaces have been increasingly replaced by impervious built surfaces. A clear recognition on the changes in green spaces pattern is vital for urban administrators...With the rapid urbanization in Beijing, the vegetated surfaces have been increasingly replaced by impervious built surfaces. A clear recognition on the changes in green spaces pattern is vital for urban administrators and planners to optimize the urban development areas and define the ecological protection red lines. Based on the SPOT images and field investigation data of urban green spaces within the sixth ring road of Beijing in 2000, 2005 and 2010, the study investigated the dynamic changes of urban green spaces in this area, by means of GIS techniques and landscape ecology methods. The results indicated that green spaces in Beijing have decreased by 207 km2 from 2000 to 2010 at the expense of agricultural lands and waters. Although there has been some increases in urban forests and grasslands, it cannot compensate the rapid decrease of urban green spaces. The land cover types conversion occurred mainly in the areas between the fifth and sixth ring roads while the zones encircled by the fourth ring road had a little change. In addition, landscape metrics such as number of patches(NP) and shape index(SHAPE) increased, but the mean nearest-neighbor distance(MNN), aggregation index(AI) and patch cohesion index(COHESION) decreased during the period of 2000-2010. Also green landscapes became considerably isolated and fragmented. The study disclosed the obvious changes of green space size, composition and layout in urban districts of Beijing City from 2000 to 2010, and highlighted that construction of urban green space should consider not only the geometric or aesthetic effect, but also the increase of vertical green volume and optimization of spatial layout to fully develop the ecological service functions of green spaces.展开更多
厘清“三生”空间土地利用的时空演变格局,探明驱动因素,为国土空间规划、土地利用转型提供科学依据。以天长市为研究区域,采用2009—2018年土地利用变更调查数据,借助土地利用转移矩阵、重心迁移等模型,测算研究区土地利用动态度及土...厘清“三生”空间土地利用的时空演变格局,探明驱动因素,为国土空间规划、土地利用转型提供科学依据。以天长市为研究区域,采用2009—2018年土地利用变更调查数据,借助土地利用转移矩阵、重心迁移等模型,测算研究区土地利用动态度及土地利用程度综合指数,采用灰色关联分析探究土地利用转型的驱动因素。结果表明:1)“三生”空间总体呈现“一增一稳一减”的特点,生产空间面积增长11.68 km 2,生活空间面积相对稳定,生态空间面积缩减了12.44 km 2,其中,农业生产用地一直保持持续增长态势,主要源于农村生活用地和水域生态用地的转入;2)工矿生产用地和城镇生活用地的空间集聚最为明显,其重心逐步向东南方向迁移;3)以2014年为界,天长市土地利用综合动态度前期为0.22%,后期为0.13%,其中,工矿生产用地和城镇生活用地的单一动态度增速最为明显,前期分别为2.95%与5.96%,后期分别为2.73%与1.73%,而土地利用程度综合指数增长1.13;4)人口、已建成水库总库容、建成区面积等因素对天长市“三生”空间的土地利用变化影响较大。展开更多
在乡村振兴和新型城镇化发展的背景下,如何统筹国土空间格局,优化生产、生活、生态空间是目前需要解决的问题。以广州为例,将MCR(minimum cumulative resistance)模型、斑块生成土地利用变化(patchgenerating land use simulation,PLUS...在乡村振兴和新型城镇化发展的背景下,如何统筹国土空间格局,优化生产、生活、生态空间是目前需要解决的问题。以广州为例,将MCR(minimum cumulative resistance)模型、斑块生成土地利用变化(patchgenerating land use simulation,PLUS)模型、马尔可夫(Markov)模型进行耦合形成MCR-PLUS-Markov模型,应用到城市国土空间格局优化研究中。在生态安全格局下建立生态源阻力面和阻力源阻力面,构建生态安全格局功能分区,设置不同的城市发展情景,进行不同情景下国土空间发展预测模拟与分析,通过预测模拟结果进行国土空间格局优化研究。结果表明,基于MCR-PLUS-Markov模型的预测模拟分析,精度评价相对较高,对广州国土空间格局预测分析具有较好的适用性。展开更多
基金Sponsored by Study on Space-time Rules of Beijing Urban Green Space Ecosystem Regulating Rainwater Runoff and Control Countermeasures(31200531)
文摘With the rapid urbanization in Beijing, the vegetated surfaces have been increasingly replaced by impervious built surfaces. A clear recognition on the changes in green spaces pattern is vital for urban administrators and planners to optimize the urban development areas and define the ecological protection red lines. Based on the SPOT images and field investigation data of urban green spaces within the sixth ring road of Beijing in 2000, 2005 and 2010, the study investigated the dynamic changes of urban green spaces in this area, by means of GIS techniques and landscape ecology methods. The results indicated that green spaces in Beijing have decreased by 207 km2 from 2000 to 2010 at the expense of agricultural lands and waters. Although there has been some increases in urban forests and grasslands, it cannot compensate the rapid decrease of urban green spaces. The land cover types conversion occurred mainly in the areas between the fifth and sixth ring roads while the zones encircled by the fourth ring road had a little change. In addition, landscape metrics such as number of patches(NP) and shape index(SHAPE) increased, but the mean nearest-neighbor distance(MNN), aggregation index(AI) and patch cohesion index(COHESION) decreased during the period of 2000-2010. Also green landscapes became considerably isolated and fragmented. The study disclosed the obvious changes of green space size, composition and layout in urban districts of Beijing City from 2000 to 2010, and highlighted that construction of urban green space should consider not only the geometric or aesthetic effect, but also the increase of vertical green volume and optimization of spatial layout to fully develop the ecological service functions of green spaces.
文摘厘清“三生”空间土地利用的时空演变格局,探明驱动因素,为国土空间规划、土地利用转型提供科学依据。以天长市为研究区域,采用2009—2018年土地利用变更调查数据,借助土地利用转移矩阵、重心迁移等模型,测算研究区土地利用动态度及土地利用程度综合指数,采用灰色关联分析探究土地利用转型的驱动因素。结果表明:1)“三生”空间总体呈现“一增一稳一减”的特点,生产空间面积增长11.68 km 2,生活空间面积相对稳定,生态空间面积缩减了12.44 km 2,其中,农业生产用地一直保持持续增长态势,主要源于农村生活用地和水域生态用地的转入;2)工矿生产用地和城镇生活用地的空间集聚最为明显,其重心逐步向东南方向迁移;3)以2014年为界,天长市土地利用综合动态度前期为0.22%,后期为0.13%,其中,工矿生产用地和城镇生活用地的单一动态度增速最为明显,前期分别为2.95%与5.96%,后期分别为2.73%与1.73%,而土地利用程度综合指数增长1.13;4)人口、已建成水库总库容、建成区面积等因素对天长市“三生”空间的土地利用变化影响较大。
文摘在乡村振兴和新型城镇化发展的背景下,如何统筹国土空间格局,优化生产、生活、生态空间是目前需要解决的问题。以广州为例,将MCR(minimum cumulative resistance)模型、斑块生成土地利用变化(patchgenerating land use simulation,PLUS)模型、马尔可夫(Markov)模型进行耦合形成MCR-PLUS-Markov模型,应用到城市国土空间格局优化研究中。在生态安全格局下建立生态源阻力面和阻力源阻力面,构建生态安全格局功能分区,设置不同的城市发展情景,进行不同情景下国土空间发展预测模拟与分析,通过预测模拟结果进行国土空间格局优化研究。结果表明,基于MCR-PLUS-Markov模型的预测模拟分析,精度评价相对较高,对广州国土空间格局预测分析具有较好的适用性。