Information Security in the Cloud: Emerging Trends and Challenges

This article explores the evolution of cloud computing, its advantages over traditional on-premises infrastructure, and its impact on information security. The study presents a comprehensive literature review covering various cloud infrastructure offerings and security models. Additionally, it deeply analyzes real-life case studies illustrating successful cloud migrations and highlights common information security threats in current cloud computing. The article concludes by offering recommendations to businesses to protect themselves from cloud data breaches and providing insights into selecting a suitable cloud services provider from an information security perspective.

Cyber Resilience through Real-Time Threat Analysis in Information Security

This paper examines how cybersecurity is developing and how it relates to more conventional information security. Although information security and cyber security are sometimes used synonymously, this study contends that they are not the same. The concept of cyber security is explored, which goes beyond protecting information resources to include a wider variety of assets, including people [1]. Protecting information assets is the main goal of traditional information security, with consideration to the human element and how people fit into the security process. On the other hand, cyber security adds a new level of complexity, as people might unintentionally contribute to or become targets of cyberattacks. This aspect presents moral questions since it is becoming more widely accepted that society has a duty to protect weaker members of society, including children [1]. The study emphasizes how important cyber security is on a larger scale, with many countries creating plans and laws to counteract cyberattacks. Nevertheless, a lot of these sources frequently neglect to define the differences or the relationship between information security and cyber security [1]. The paper focus on differentiating between cybersecurity and information security on a larger scale. The study also highlights other areas of cybersecurity which includes defending people, social norms, and vital infrastructure from threats that arise from online in addition to information and technology protection. It contends that ethical issues and the human factor are becoming more and more important in protecting assets in the digital age, and that cyber security is a paradigm shift in this regard [1].

Ecological Security of Landscape Architecture in Yunnan Province

The concept of landscape architecture with eco-security was proposed,ecological security of landscape architecture in Yunnan was elaborated from 8 aspects,specifically as landform,typical climate,natural vegetation,biodiversity,transplantation of large-size trees,disaster-proof function,greening security,introduction of garden species.Moreover,countermeasures for maintaining the ecological security of landscape architecture in Yunnan Province were further put forward,① In view of local conditions,inheriting natural views of classical Chinese gardens,respecting all natural elements,② Rising higher requirements on the planning of garden green space system,③ Paying more attention to the integrated construction of green spaces in urban and rural areas,maintaining the wholeness of suburban ecosystem,④ Devoting more in developing seedling industry,culturing more large-size seedlings in original sites,⑤ Selecting right trees for right sites in constructing urban gardens.Eventually,it was proposed that gardens in Yunnan Province should be developed by combining with its outstanding ecological conditions,among which ecological security should be the focus of attention.

Ecological Planning and Design of Waterfront in Xianghe County from the Perspective of Landscape Security Pattern

Waterfront is a precious resource in urban ecological construction,and also a key section for ecological protection,so ecological planning of urban waterfront has far-reaching influence on the whole region.This study explored ecological planning and design of waterfront from the perspective of landscape security pattern,analyzed current waterfront in Xianghe County and construction of landscape security pattern for waterfront,provided a basis for the ecological planning and design of landscape.

Landscape Ecological Security Assessment of Low-Slope Hilly Region in Lu County,China

Low-slope hilly land( LSHL) refers to regions with relatively lower altitude,smaller topographic changes and gentler slopes. Exploitation and utilization of such areas is acting as an efficient approach to release the intensity in land utilization for mountainous areas in China, and needs further study. By summarizing related domestic concepts regarding LSHL,and taking Lu County of Sichuan province as the sample,this paper defined the scope of LSHL and extracted a total coverage of 331. 71 km2 LSHL.Then based on the landscape ecological security patterns theory,we have established the landscape ecological security pattern of Lu County by the minimum cumulative resistance model,targeting to achieve ecological land protection. Moreover,LSHL of different landscape security levels is further classified through overlay analysis on the current utilization status of the LSHL. The LSHL is classified into four categories, including prioritized development type,moderate development type, limited development type and prohibited development type. Their scopes of areas are 108. 72,97. 03,68. 36 and 57. 60 km2 respectively. In addition,respective land utilization and exploitation plan for LSHL are proposed according to the analysis of characteristics of each type. The result has provided scientific references for the definition,establishment of landscape ecological security pattern as well as the appropriate exploitation and utilization of the LSHL.

Strategies for Safe Land Use of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Chongqing Section)——With the Restoration of Degraded Forest Landscapes as a Study Case

As a key for constructing ecologically safe scenery, forest landscape pattern in Chongqing Section of the Three Gorges has shown degradation, fragmentation and revision of varying degrees. To ensure normal and safe operation of the Three Gorges, and meet requirements of integrated development strategies for ecological and economic effects in Chongqing City on the ecological security of land use in Chongqing section of the Three Gorges, the following points should be attached more importance in making future strategies for an ecologically safe land use pattern with the restoration of degraded forest landscape as its starting point:a. Ecological effects and economic functions that can be supplied by forest landscape elements in different restoration patterns should be understood to obtain background effect of the ecological security pattern scenario of land use in the reservoir region; b. Relationship between restoration of degraded forest landscapes and serious ecological interference factors such as degradation background, artificial disturbance and engineering stress, should be simulated to figure out the influence of natural or artificial driving factors on landscape pattern, determine the future restoration mode for the degraded forest landscapes in the reservoir region, so as to facilitate the construction of great ecological-economic security pattern of the Three Gorges. The findings will provide scientific basis for the decision-making in building an ecologically safe land use pattern in the Three Gorges reservoir area (Chongqing), when using the degradation of forest landscape restoration as a carrier at present or in the future. Further, they will help realize the development goals of "Livable Chongqing, Expedite Chongqing, Forestry Chongqing, Safe Chongqing and Healthy Chongqing".

Evaluation on Tourism Ecological Security in Nature Heritage Sites——Case of Kanas Nature Reserve of Xinjiang,China

The nature heritages are the precious legacy of nature with outstanding scientific and aesthetic value. They are quite different from other common ecotourism areas, because of its original and unique system, sensitive and vulnerable landscape, and peripheral cultural features. Therefore, the tourism development in the nature heritage sites should be on the premise of ecological security. The evaluation index system of tourism ecological security in nature heritage sites was constructed in this article by AHP and Delphi methods, including nature ecological security, landscape visual security and local culture ecological security, and the security thresholds of indices were also established. In the indices' weights of the evaluation model, the nature ecological security ranked the highest, followed by tourist landscape visual security and culture ecological security, which reflected the influence degree of the limited factor to tourism ecological security. Then, this paper carried out an empirical study of Kanas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, which has the potential to be the World Nature Heritage. On the basis of the data attained from survey and observation on the spot, as well as questionnaire answered by tourists and local communities, the ecological security status in Kanas was evaluated. The result showed that the status of Kanas tourism ecological security was better, but there had some limiting factors. Lastly, effective measures were put forward to ensure its ecological security.

Research on Application of Landscape Pattern in Regional Planning

Landscape ecology is a new science and there are few cases about applying landscape pattern analysis in optimizing regional planning.By taking the planning of the special planning area for Boao Forum for Asia as the study object,several important landscape indexes have been selected for static analysis of landscape structural feature and landscape structural stability.By using ArcGIS,landscape structural stability map has been overlaid with land use planning map,and then optimization suggestions have been proposed for unreasonable plots.Landscape type and landscape pattern diversity have been selected for dynamic analysis and then suggestions for landscape security pattern been put forward.Through case studies,it has provided a reference for landscape pattern analysis as a means to optimize regional planning.

基于多模型和权衡矩阵法的乡村生态-游憩景观安全格局重构

【目的】乡村旅游地的突出矛盾是人类旅游活动对生态环境的干扰,景观规划时需要权衡游憩功能与生态功能。探究乡村生态-游憩景观安全格局(landscape security pattern, LSP)重构路径,旨在促进乡村旅游与生态环境和谐、可持续发展,为乡村旅游地景观规划提供参考思路。【方法】以江苏省无锡市马山为例,综合运用InVEST、ArcSWAT、最小累积阻力(minimum cumulative resistance, MCR)多模型,分别模拟生态、游憩空间格局以及生态、游憩廊道,并划分景观单元;基于“权衡矩阵法”,比较各单元生态、游憩功能重要性,实现景观功能分区,识别权衡问题突出的区域及战略点,进而为各类景观功能区提出针对性的规划、建设及管控策略。【结果】将马山景观功能区划分为生态核心区、生态重要区、生态-游憩重点权衡区、生态-游憩次级权衡区、游憩核心区、游憩重要区、游憩协调区及弹性发展区8类,构建生态-游憩景观网络并识别出32处战略点。【结论】重构乡村生态-游憩LSP有利于区分不同类型景观功能区的建设侧重点与优先级,科学、精细化地管理、利用乡村景观资源,促进多功能景观的协调与增效。

基于耦合协调度模型的永久基本农田优化调整方法研究——以鹤壁市淇滨区为例

永久基本农田的优化调整对于实现耕地保护、土地集约利用和保障国家粮食安全具有重大意义。目的 为了对永久基本农田进行优化调整,方法 以鹤壁市淇滨区为研究对象,从耕地综合质量与耕地景观生态安全双重视角出发,提出一种基于耕地综合质量与景观生态安全的耦合协调度模型,依据评价单元耕地的耦合协调度等级,对耕地综合质量进行评价。结果 结果表明,通过耕地景观生态安全对永久基本农田稳定性的约束作用,进一步确保了永久基本农田生产功能稳定发挥,优化了国土空间格局;耦合协调度水平较高区域主要分布在开发区、大赉店镇、示范区和钜桥镇,空间上呈西低东高的分布格局,应优先考虑将东部耕地调整为永久基本农田;基于划定规则约束条件对耦合协调度模型初步划定结果进行优化调整,将研究区永久基本农田划定区域分为保留区(6 387.35 hm^(2))、可调入区(5 473.07 hm^(2))、调出区(804.77hm^(2))和不适宜调入区(988.12 hm^(2))。结论 研究方法避免了永久基本农田划定过程中只考虑耕地质量这一因素带来的不利影响,充分考虑耕地质量、景观生态安全对农田生产稳定性的约束作用,统筹考虑了生态保护与农田空间布局需求,提高了永久基本农田优化调整的合理性和科学性。

珠三角地区近20年城镇化与景观生态安全耦合协调分析

针对城镇化进程加快导致的珠三角地区生态景观胁迫程度日趋严峻,亟需加强区域生态保护的现状,构建新型城镇化与景观生态安全的耦合协调模型,定量测度2000—2020年珠三角地区城镇空间扩展与景观生态安全耦合协调时空格局以及发展状态,运用多元回归分析和灰色预测模型揭示其驱动机理,并预测2040年城镇空间扩展和景观生态安全耦合的发展趋势。结果表明:珠三角地区9市城镇化与景观生态安全的耦合协调度在20年间呈现缓慢波动上升的趋势,耦合协调度由2000年的0.305~0.436升至2020年的0.385~0.545,现处于拮抗耦合阶段,未来20年将继续向着协调同步、有序发展的方向前进。珠三角地区经济发展不平衡,城镇开发建设和生态环境保护难以同步发展,景观生态状况不乐观,生态环境滞后型的地市逐渐增多,尚未全面形成良好的协调发展状态。对外开放程度、经济发展水平、科技投入水平等因素对耦合协调度的影响较为显著(P<0.05),今后对于区域可持续发展需要加强耦合协调的机理研究,持续关注城镇空间拓展与景观生态安全的协调发展趋势及特征。

基于行为心理调查的大学校园景观问题研究

疗愈性的景观空间可以有效疏解精神压力,当今校园景观存在一系列问题,无法满足学生心理健康需求,通过收集大学生对于校园景观评价和行为心理的相关数据,并以华东理工大学校园环境为例进行景观分析,解决当前大学生景观心理健康需求欠缺的问题,达到营造符合当今大学校园景观设计理念的安全健康校园景观环境的效果。

新安全格局下人脸识别技术应用的法律规制

新安全格局下,人脸识别技术的快速发展与广泛应用在推动科技创新、助力社会治理的同时,也引发了算法安全风险与人脸信息风险,给我国人脸识别技术应用治理带来挑战,具体包括场景规制、法律救济与分散监管等三个方面的现实困境。对此,基于算法安全理论与数字人权理论回应治理需要,从立法体系、司法救济和监管机制三个维度比较考查欧盟、美国等地的法律规制特点,并结合域外先进立法经验,提出统筹发展和安全的人脸识别技术应用治理路径,包括构建场景化立法规制模式、完善便利化司法救济体系、健全协同化监督管理机制等。

“三生空间”视角下贵州省景观生态安全评价及其耦合特征分析

[目的]探究喀斯特生态脆弱区景观生态安全格局演变规律,对喀斯特区域生态文明建设和生态风险防控具有指导意义。[方法]以贵州省为研究对象,从“三生空间”视角出发,基于景观生态学理论,借助耦合协调模型,分析了贵州省近20年景观生态安全时空变化机理和耦合协调特征。[结果](1) 2000—2020年,贵州省以林地生态空间为主,占国土空间总面积53%以上,工业生产和城镇生活用地快速增长,导致城乡生活空间向外扩张挤占农业生产和林地生态空间。(2) 2000—2020年期间贵州省景观生态安全整体处于向好发展,南部景观生态安全等级总体优于北部地区。(3) 2000—2020年贵州省景观生态安全的Moran′s I值分别为0.340,0.400,0.414,空间相关性显著,“高—高”和“低—低”值为主要空间集聚模式,局部空间自相关分布格局与景观生态安全分布有较高的一致性。(4)贵州省“生产—生活—生态”空间景观生态安全的耦合协调度水平良好,在空间上呈现出“西高东低,北高南低”的分布特征。[结论]人类经济活动和城镇化的快速推进会改变区域土地利用格局,从而影响区域景观生态安全及耦合协调性,因此需要优化区域生产—生活—生态空间格局,提高土地资源使用效率,促进贵州省生态安全建设和土地资源可持续发展。

耦合景观生态安全格局的南京市“三生”空间多情景模拟

[目的]阐明区域景观生态安全格局与“三生”空间多情景模拟的耦合过程,为维护区域生态安全、优化国土空间发展格局提供参考。[方法]将包含防洪、水土保持、生物保护和游憩等重要生态过程的综合景观生态安全格局作为约束条件耦合到FLUS模型中,设置农业空间优先、工业和生活空间优先、生态空间优先和三生空间均衡发展4类情景,预测了规划目标年(2025年和2035年)不同情景下“三生”空间结构与布局状况。[结果]南京市低、中、高安全水平生态用地规模分别为1537.41,2576.85,2928.59 km^(2),占比23.34%,39.12%,44.46%;相较其他3种情景,“三生”空间均衡发展情景下,维持中等水平的生态安全,各类空间变化趋势整体较为缓和,到2025年和2035年,生产空间基本维持现有水平,仅增加2.09,2.02 km^(2),生活空间增幅相对有限,分别为28.55,46.27 km^(2),生态空间缩减幅度有所放缓,分别为30.64,48.29 km^(2),该情景在满足经济发展对建设用地需求的同时,也能兼顾粮食安全和生态保护的要求,有利于促进经济、社会和生态全面协调可持续发展。[结论]以“三生”空间均衡发展为目标优化国土空间发展格局,有利于实现生产空间集约高效、生活空间宜居适度、生态空间山清水秀。

长株潭地区耕地景观安全时空格局动态变化分析

分析区域耕地景观安全的时空变化,对协调长株潭地区城市发展建设与耕地安全保护具有重要意义。本研究采用中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所提供的土地利用数据,在斑块和景观尺度上,计算景观类型斑块破碎度、景观类型边界破碎度、面积加权形状因子、分维数和景观分离度5个耕地景观格局指数,构建耕地景观安全评价模型,定量评价长株潭地区1995—2020年耕地景观安全及变化。结果表明:(1)长株潭地区耕地景观安全指数由0.470 9降低至0.258 1,耕地景观安全水平总体呈下降态势;(2)各区域耕地景观安全指数变化可分为波动递减型、动态稳定型和小幅增长型3种类型,且与1995年相比,2020年长株潭地区耕地景观安全等级低的区域由近、中郊区县扩展到除浏阳市、茶陵县、炎陵县和长沙市市辖区以外的所有区县;(3)耕地景观斑块破碎度不断增大,多数区域耕地景观分离度有所提高,部分近中郊区域耕地斑块形状有待进一步规整,是长株潭地区耕地景观安全存在的主要风险。

兰州市土地利用景观格局指数的粒度效应

【目的】分析确定兰州市景观格局的最适合粒度,为生态安全格局的构建提供科学依据。【方法】通过地理信息系统(ArcGIS)识别与划分土地利用斑块;等权叠加单因子影响因素并使用夜间灯光数据叠加修正确定综合生态贡献斑块;采用景观格局分析软件(Fragstats)在景观水平上确定并分析21个景观指数对粒度变化的响应程度。【结果】景观格局指数对粒度变化的响应大体呈现3种趋势:1)效应曲线与函数拟合度高,无明显拐点。2)效应曲线增幅较缓,存在明显拐点。3)效应曲线变化幅度强烈,但整体变化趋于增长或下降,存在明显拐点。【结论】分析得出土地利用类型斑块和生态贡献等级斑块的第一尺度域分别为80~120 m和50~160 m。综合分析得出适合兰州市景观分析的粒度为80 m。

耦合MOP-PLUS模型的库车市LUCC趋势与景观生态安全评价

探究干旱区典型绿洲城市景观生态安全时空演变,设置经济、生态、景观生态安全、可持续(MOP)4种情景,预测土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)趋势,评价2030年景观生态安全,以期缓解城市建设开发与生态环境保护的矛盾。基于1990-2020年的土地利用数据,采用遥感、地理信息系统(GIS)网格等方法构建景观生态安全评价模型,以揭示库车市近30 a景观生态安全空间分布特征与变化趋势,并通过耦合MOP-PLUS模型预测库车市2030年景观生态安全时空演变规律。结果表明:1990-2020年,研究区耕地、林地、建设用地面积总体呈增加趋势,草地、水域面积总体呈现减少趋势,地类转换主要集中于耕地、草地与未利用地;景观生态安全值(ESI)空间集聚状态明显,但集聚程度有所下降,景观生态安全等级以中等、较高、高生态安全为主,占研究区总面积60.15%~64.87%;相较于2020年,2030年4种情景下的ESI变化幅度较大,主要集中于南部人口聚集地。

2023年各国谋安全促发展纵横

2023 will be remembered as a critical juncture in the third decade of the 21st century.Significant changes have been witnessed in the international landscape,underpinned by the law of history that great powers rise and inevitably fall.It could be deemed a year of coup d'état for Africa,a year of conflict for Eastern Europe,a year of crisis for the Middle East,and a year of diplomacy for major powers.Countries around the globe are concerned about how the world and times will evolve as they pursue their security and development.As a responsible major country,China has proposed its solutions for enhancing security,development,and civilizations worldwide.It applies an approach that removes barriers and increases connectivity,turns shocks into driving forces,accumulates experience from setbacks,and arouses confidence in today's unsettled world.While promoting world peace and development,China also needs to pay close heed to the changes that are taking place.Only by identifying the crux of its problems and stopping the spread of risks can China ensure a dynamic equilibrium between security and development.

德国的“时代转折”及其对欧洲安全格局的影响

俄乌冲突爆发后,德国总理朔尔茨在联邦议院发表了引起广泛关注的“时代转折”演讲。“时代转折”最初是指德国所处的外部环境的恶化,但如今已被延展为德国安全与防务政策的“时代转折”。朔尔茨为“时代转折”确定了五项行动任务,并为此打破了德国安全与防务政策上的诸多“政治禁忌”,包括向危机地区输送武器、通过特别基金提高联邦国防军的能力与防务支出、决定在海外永久驻军等。基于德国目前已将俄罗斯视作欧洲—大西洋安全的最大威胁,德国也一改以往的安全“消费者”角色,主张担当欧洲安全保障者角色,意图将联邦国防军打造成欧洲常规防御的基石,并通过向立陶宛派出永久驻扎的作战旅,彰显其在欧洲安全中扮演领导角色的雄心。不过,为了切实承担欧洲安全保障者角色,德国仍然需要处理好德国防务支出、防务能力提高和战略文化调整的可持续性问题,解决好欧盟内东欧与西欧国家之间在安全保障倚重对象上的分歧,以及平衡好欧洲独立防务与北约安全保障之间的关系。