Clinical Observation and Safety Evaluation of Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula for Dermatosis

[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula by retrospective analysis of clinical use.[Methods]A total of 225 cases were collected,including 117 males and 108 females,115 cases of contact dermatitis and 110 cases of acute eczema.Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula was administered to 225 patients with contact dermatitis and acute eczema and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.[Results]After one week of treatment,among 225 patients with contact dermatitis and acute eczema,76 cases were cured(33.78%),133 cases showed marked response(59.11%),16 cases(7.11%)were improved,0 case was ineffective,and the overall response rate was 92.89%.After one week of Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula treatment,the symptoms of itching,pain and swelling were significantly improved in all patients,and the rash was partially crusted without new symptom,and there were no complications and adverse reactions.[Conclusions]Zhuang Medicine Xiaoyan Zhiyang Formula therapy has a remarkable effect in the treatment of contact dermatitis and acute eczema.

Universal Index Formula of Parameterized Combination Operator for Eco-environmental Quality Evaluation

[Objective] The aim was to evaluate the regional eco-environmental quality by using the universal index formula of parameterization combination operator based normalized index values.[Method] Through setting reference values and normalized transformation formulae for typical ecological environmental indexes appropriately,the difference among the standard normalized values would become very small after normalized transformation,and the ecological environmental indices expressed by normalized values can be equivalent to normalized indices.Under certain optimization conditions,shuffled frog leaping based on immune evolutionary particle swarm optimization algorithm was applied to optimize the parameters in parameterization combination operator formula,and the universal index formula suited to eco-environmental quality assessment was established finally.[Result] The universal index formula of parameterization combination operator,appropriate for any m(1≤m≤23) ecological environmental indices,was used to assess the eco-environmental quality of towns surrounding Headland Reservoir,and the results were in full accordance with those of unascertained measure method,that is,the eco-environmental quality of five towns around Headland Reservoir was the fourth grade.[Conclusion]The universal index formula of parameterization combination operator,suited to eco-environmental quality evaluation,is simple and intuitive in form,easy in computation and universal in application.

Nutritional and Safety Evaluation of Local Weight-Gain Formulas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Markets

This study was conducted to examine the nutritional content, contamination levels, and biological effects of 3 local prepared formulas. Formula (1) contained mixed nuts;formula (2) contained moghat, honey and royal jelly, while formula (3) contained honey, fenugreek and royal jelly. Groups of albino rats (90 rats) were randomly allocated to diets of control group or 1 - 3 treatment groups. The tested diets contained 15% carbohydrate. The weight and food intake were recorded. Blood tests were conducted to determine total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, urea, creatinine, white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin (HB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and haematocrit (HCT). Results showed that bacterial contamination was found in formula (1) and formula (3). Fungal contamination was detected in formula (2) and formula (3). Body weight increased significantly in the rats fed treatment formulas compared to the control group. The blood tests indicated significant increases in the levels of glucose, WBC, HCT, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides as well as a significant decrease in HDL level in the group (2) was fed formula (1) the control. In conclusion, these findings indicate that these local formulas may not be safe, and further studies are required to understand the consequences of a long-term consumption of these formulas.

Capacity-Power Consumption and Energy-Efficiency Evaluation of Green Wireless Networks

In this paper,we discuss in detail the basic issue of green design and consider an energy efficiency function as the metric to evaluate green cellular networks.Specifically,we investigate the transmit power required for an expected transmission capacity and propose a capacity-power formula based on the energy conservation and the Shannon capacity theorem.Two novel definitions of cell interference depth and handoff dynamic model are introduced and the corresponding expression of energy efficiency function is derived.Numerical results show that the energy efficiency function is closely correlated with the transmitted/received power required and the cell radius.Our work provides a useful basis for research and evaluation on green design and technology of cellular networks.

Reliability Evaluation of All-User Terminals in LEO Satellite Communication Network Based on Modular Reduction

LEO satellite communication network has a large number of satellites distributed in low orbits,which leads to multiple coverage of many areas on the ground.It is hard work to describe and evaluate the reliability of LEO satellite communication network.To solve this problem,the reliability of all-user terminals in LEO satellite communication network is defined,and the corresponding reliability evaluation method is proposed in the paper.Due to the large scale of the interstellar network,a modular reduction algorithm using the modular network instead of the original network for state decomposition is proposed in this paper.Case study shows that the calculation time of the proposed method is equivalent to 6.28%of the original state space decomposition algorithm.On this basis,the reliability of LEO satellite communication network is further analyzed.It is found that the reliability of LEO satellite network was more sensitive to the reliability of Inter-Satellite link and the satisfaction of global coverage in the early stage,and it is more sensitive to the reliability of the satellite in the later stage.The satellite-ground link has a relatively constant impact on of LEO satellite network.

A new method of AHP applied to personal credit evaluation

This paper presents a new negative judgment matrix that combines the advantages of the reciprocal judgment matrix and the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix, and then puts forth the properties of this new matrix. In view of these properties, this paper derives a clear sequencing formula for the new negative judgment matrix, which improves the sequencing principle of AHP. Finally, this new method is applied to personal credit evaluation to show its advantages of conciseness and swiftness.

Efficacy of High-efficiency Formula Pesticides for Controlling Sesamia inferens Walker and Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner

[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency formula pesticides and precise and efficient application techniques for the prevention and control of Sesamia inferens Walker and Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner.[Methods]Field efficacy trials were conducted using different combinations of 70%directed enhanced thiamethoxam seed treatment dispersible powder and 46%monosultap·Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder.[Results]70%directed enhanced thiamethoxam ZF 450 g/hm^(2)+46%monosultap·B.thuringiensis WP 2250 g/hm^(2)had good control effects on both S.inferens and C.lanigera,so it was an ideal high-efficiency formula pesticide for controlling sugarcane S.inferens and C.lanigera.From January to May,combining with new plant or perennial root cultivation management,70%directed enhanced thiamethoxam ZF 450 g/hm^(2)can be evenly spread on sugarcane ditches and sugarcane stumps after being well mixed with fertilizers applied per hectare,and covered with soil in a timely manner,and during the peak incubation period of the first and second generation of S.inferens eggs from March to May,46%monosultap·B.thuringiensis WP 2250 g/hm^(2)was sprayed to the leaf surface in the mixture with water 675 kg with an electric backpack or a motorized sprayer.In such a way,the control efficacy on dead heart seedlings could reach over 89.8%,and that on C.lanigera could reach 100%.Meanwhile,it could effectively and concurrently control thrips,and the increases in yield and sugar content could reach 29310 kg/hm^(2)and 5.9 percentage points,respectively.[Conclusions]The promotion and application of the formula pesticide could achieve precise application and control of sugarcane pests,and improvement of sugarcane quality and planting efficiency,and help promote green prevention and control of sugarcane diseases and pests and the sustained high-quality development of the sugar industry.

玉米复合营养冲调粉配方及其冲调性研究

以玉米为原料,藜麦粉、麦芽糊精、奶粉、木糖醇为辅料,制备玉米复合营养冲调粉。通过单因素试验和响应面试验确定冲调粉最佳配方,并以优化配方后制备的冲调粉为研究对象,以冲调稳定性和结块率为指标,对冲调工艺进行优化。结果表明:冲调粉最佳配方为玉米粉10.0 g、藜麦粉2.0 g、麦芽糊精1.5 g、奶粉2.0 g、木糖醇2.0 g,此时冲调粉的感官评分为89,最佳冲调水量为60 mL、冲调水温为70~80℃。

配方施肥对华北落叶松各器官非结构性碳水化合物特征的影响

探究配方施肥对华北落叶松针叶、枝条和细根的非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)的影响,为华北落叶松高效施肥技术提供参考依据。以32年生华北落叶松为研究对象,采用N、P、K三因素三水平正交设计L 9(34),以不施肥为对照,研究配方施肥对华北落叶松针叶、枝条和细根的NSC及组分(可溶性糖、淀粉)含量的影响,分析华北落叶松各器官NSC及组分含量的相关关系。结果表明,1)华北落叶松针叶、枝条和细根非结构性碳水化合物含量随月份呈显著变化,基本均在10月达到峰值,且3个器官中NSC均以可溶性糖为主。2)各施肥处理对针叶、枝条和细根的NSC及组分含量的表现不同,其中针叶和细根的NSC含量分别在处理T4和T8较CK平均增幅最大,为29.65%、23%;而枝条的NSC含量和可溶性糖含量与CK的平均增幅相比表现为减少。3)相关性分析显示:针叶、枝条和细根的NSC含量与其可溶性糖含量和淀粉含量间均存在极显著正相关(P<0.01);细根NSC含量与针叶和枝条的可溶性糖含量均存在显著负相关(P<0.05)。4)N、P、K肥对华北落叶松各器官NSC及组分含量均有一定影响;N肥对细根NSC及组分含量均产生显著增加影响,P肥和K肥对各指标显著性影响有所不同;改善华北落叶松非结构性碳水化合物特征的最佳施肥方案为N 3P 3K 2(N 528.78 g·株^(-1)、P 1621.58 g·株^(-1)、K 172.98 g·株^(-1))。施用适宜的N、P、K配方能有效改善华北落叶松针叶、枝条和细根的NSC及组分含量,且各器官在生长过程中存在相互平衡和动态调配的关系。

卷烟配方模块价值计量分析模型研究

针对传统配方模块质量评价方法存在主观性、盲目性等缺点,以及其所造成的配方模块质量与其实际生产、使用存在较大偏差,提出了一种基于历史生产数据的配方模块价值计算方案,挖掘由配方模块实际使用情况衡量配方模块价值与配方模块质量的关系,以该方案计算结果作为表征配方模块综合质量的指标,并运用BP神经网络算法和统计分析方法验证计算结果的合理性。结果表明,感官指标(香气、烟气、味感、香型)与档次显著正相关,化学指标(烟碱CV、糖碱比)与档次无显著相关性,档次作为配方模块质量的评估方案太过主观。而配方模块价值与感官指标、化学指标均显著相关,说明配方模块价值是结合了主观指标与客观指标的综合体现,因此更适合用来代表配方模块的质量;配方模块价值计算方案充分考虑了卷烟实际生产运作的特点,更加贴合生产实际,能够更好地为卷烟配方模块的生产和使用提供指导。

低GI复合苦荞面条的研制

采用单因素试验和响应面优化试验对复合苦荞面条配方进行优化,以感官评价为指标。研究荞麦粉、谷朊粉、猪血粉、黄原胶和水添加量对复合苦荞面感官评分的影响,并测定其血糖生成指数值(Glycemic index,GI)。结果表明,以1 kg高筋小麦粉为基准,黄原胶、水、猪血粉、谷朊粉、荞麦粉添加量分别为1%,38%,7.5%,5%,30%时,复合苦荞面条感官品质最佳,血糖生成指数GI值为45.4±3.8。在此条件下研制的复合苦荞面条感官风味俱佳、营养价值丰富,属于低GI食物,可为低糖食品需求者选择食物提供参考。

核桃酥配方正交试验优化及品质分析

以核桃、面粉、黄油、白砂糖、花生碎为主要原料制作核桃酥,以感官评分为评价指标,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验优化核桃酥的工艺配方。结果表明,最佳工艺配方以100 g面粉质量为基准,核桃添加量33%,黄油添加量43%,花生碎添加量5%,白砂糖添加量26%,焙烤底火160℃,焙烤时间20~25 min,此配方制作出的核桃酥口感优良,颜色纯正,无烧焦或发白现象,形状完整,厚薄均匀,内部酥脆紧实。在20 d内核桃酥的各项理化指标及微生物指标均符合标准,其产品保质期为20 d。

枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片的配方优化及抗氧化活性研究

该研究优化枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片配方,并测评其质量及抗氧化能力,为枸杞叶的功能性开发和利用提供指导。以枸杞叶黄酮提取物为原料,半干式压片法制备枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片。以感官评分为指标,通过单因素、Plackett-Burman和Box-Behnken试验,优化泡腾片配方。通过测定枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片片重、硬度、崩解时间、发泡量、pH值、黄酮含量以及DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、羟自由基(·OH)清除能力和铁还原能力,评价其质量与抗氧化能力。枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片最佳配方为:枸杞叶黄酮提取物6%(质量分数,下同)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1%、麦芽糊精25%、硬脂酸镁1.5%、甜菊糖苷0.9%、淀粉9%、微晶纤维素1.5%、崩解剂55.1%,m(柠檬酸)∶m(NaHCO3)为1∶0.6。最佳配方下制得枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片平均片重(408±11)mg,硬度(46.7±0.51)N,崩解时间(217.8±2.07)s,发泡量(5.01±0.49)mL,pH值4.80±0.004,黄酮含量(47.93±0.05)mg/g。枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片对DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、·OH的半数清除率分别为0.77、2.01、1.10 mg/mL。质量浓度为5 mg/mL时,枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片对铁还原能力是维生素C的28.85%。枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片工艺稳定可行,具有较好的抗氧化性。

新旧国标下羊乳基婴幼儿配方奶粉脂质组分的比较研究

比较新旧国标下羊乳基婴幼儿配方奶粉脂质特点及其差异,并与中国母乳脂质进行相似度评价。采用高效液相色谱串联质谱和高效液相色谱分别检测婴幼儿配方奶粉中甘油三酯、磷脂和胆固醇的组成和含量,基于多变量分析(PLs-DA)和热图聚类分析新旧国标羊乳基婴配奶粉差异脂质;采用马氏距离评价新旧国标羊乳基婴配奶粉脂质与母乳的相似度。结果表明,在甘油三酯方面,新旧国标羊乳基配方奶粉的差异主要在于中长链甘油三酯(Medium and long-chain triacylglycerol,MLCT)组成与含量上,如TG(10∶0/16∶0/14∶1)(Ca/P/Ma)、TG(12∶0/16∶1/18∶1)(La/Pa/O)、TG(8∶0/10∶0/14∶1)(Cy/Ca/Ma)等MLCT在新国标羊乳基婴配奶粉中检出,而在旧国标羊乳基婴配奶粉中未检出。在磷脂方面,新国标下羊乳基婴配奶粉磷脂含量整体上高于旧国标下羊乳基婴配奶粉,其中,新国标IFA(婴儿配方奶粉A)系列高于IFB(婴儿配方奶粉B)系列。羊乳基婴配奶粉胆固醇含量为7.16~29.0 mg/100 g奶粉,其中IFA>IFb>IFB,新国标IFA系列约为IFB系列的2~4倍;而旧国标IFb 3段是新国标IFB 3段的3倍。与母乳脂质进行相似度评价,新国标IFB 1段配方奶粉最接近母乳,配方奶粉得分为IFB>IFA>IFb>88分。

配比施肥对不同川黄柏种源幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

【目的】探究不同配比施肥对3个川黄柏种源幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,旨在为川黄柏的科学应用提供适宜的种源与施肥方案。【方法】以1年生3个川黄柏种源幼苗为试验材料,采用L27(313)正交试验设计,对3个种源进行配比施肥试验,测定其生长指标(苗高、地径)和生理特性指标(叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)),并运用相关性分析及隶属函数模糊评价法进行综合评价。【结果】与CK相比,配比施肥能显著促进川黄柏苗高、地径生长及叶片叶绿素含量,增强可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及酶活性(SOD、NR、GS),对抑制丙二醛含量降低膜脂过氧化效果明显。隶属函数综合评价结果表明,3个种源综合表现最差的均为CK,其中重庆江津种源在T6(N2P3K1)处理下综合表现最好;湖北恩施种源在T4(N2P1K2)处理下的综合表现最佳;湖南湘西种源在T8(N3P2K1)处理下的综合表现最优。【结论】合理的氮磷钾配比施肥可以改善川黄柏幼苗的生理代谢水平,促进苗木生长发育。研究表明3个川黄柏种源中湖北恩施种源综合表现最佳,为优选栽培种源,其次为湖南湘西及重庆江津种源。本试验条件下,生产上适宜重庆江津种源的最佳氮磷钾施入量为尿素6 g·株^(-1)、过磷酸钙5 g·株^(-1)、氯化钾2 g·株^(-1);湖北恩施种源为尿素6 g·株^(-1)、过磷酸钙1 g·株^(-1)、氯化钾3 g·株^(-1);湖南湘西种源为尿素8 g·株^(-1)、过磷酸钙3 g·株^(-1)、氯化钾2 g·株^(-1)。

基于药材原产地芍药甘草汤质量评价体系研究

目的采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定芍药甘草汤中没食子酸、芍药苷、甘草苷、甘草素和甘草酸5种指标成分的含量并建立芍药甘草汤指纹图谱,探究芍药甘草汤中间体关键质量属性,为其药材基源筛选和质量控制提供参考。方法制备来自不同产地不同批次的18批芍药甘草汤冻干粉作为中间体样品;采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,柱温35℃,流速0.8 mL/min,进样量10μL,对指标成分的含量和指纹图谱进行检测,评价多批次芍药甘草汤中间体质量属性差异,为其质量标准的建立提供参考。结果5种成分线性关系(R^(2)>0.999)、精密度(RSD≤0.89%,n=6)、重复性(RSD≤1.35%,n=6)、稳定性(RSD≤1.87%,72 h)均良好,加样回收率为(98.24±1.85)%~(104.88±1.38)%(n=6)。含量测定结果显示在不同批次芍药甘草汤中间体中仅没食子酸的含量波动范围较小(4.74~5.92 mg/g),芍药苷、甘草苷、甘草素和甘草酸在不同产地不同批次中的含量均有较大差异,含量范围分别为29.58~38.24、7.21~12.12、0.18~0.89、12.14~42.83 mg/g;建立芍药甘草汤指纹图谱,确定了14个共有峰,并对各峰进行药材归属,其中1、4、5、10号峰来自白芍,2、3、6、7、8、9、11、12、13、14号峰来自炙甘草,炙甘草对共有峰的贡献最大。其中13批芍药甘草汤中间体的HPLC指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱的相似度均大于0.98,第S4、S8、S16、S17、S18批次的相似度大于0.91,说明不同产地批次的药材质量差异较大。结论该方法准确可靠、灵敏度高,具有良好的重复性,可用于测定芍药甘草汤中5种成分的含量及建立芍药甘草汤的指纹图谱,可为经典名方芍药甘草汤的质量标准建立及评价提供依据。

经典名方中桂枝的关键信息考证与质量评价研究

目的通过本草考证和多批次道地产区桂枝药材的质量评价,为含桂枝的经典名方的研究提供依据与参考。方法对历代本草和经典医书进行考证,对经典名方中桂枝的药用部位、基原、产地与品质进行考证;并根据考证结果收集4个道地产地的15批次合格桂枝药材,建立适用于桂枝药材的高效液相色谱(HPLC)特征图谱方法并进行方法学验证;通过聚类分析、主成分分析和偏最小二乘-判别分析方法,结合特征图谱数据和桂皮醛含量,对古籍考证的道地产区桂枝药材的质量一致性进行综合评价。结果通过古籍考证,确定了经典名方中所用桂枝的药用部位(嫩枝)、基原(樟科植物肉桂)、产地(广东、广西);建立了通过方法学验证的HPLC特征图谱方法,形成的共有对照特征图谱共计10个共有特征峰,并指认出香豆素、肉桂酸、桂皮醛以及2-甲氧基肉桂醛4个色谱峰;3个化学识别分析结果均表明古籍考证的道地产区桂枝药材质量具有一致性。结论经典名方中桂枝选用樟科植物肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia Presl)的干燥嫩枝,产地可选用广西和广东两地;建立的桂枝特征图谱方法适用于桂枝的质量控制研究。

中药配方颗粒研究现状及问题思考

中药配方颗粒作为中药的创新型用药形式,在中医临床上疗效确切,使用方便,用药安全,具有极大的市场潜力。随着国家和各省级中药配方颗粒质量标准的相继出台,配方颗粒迅速推广应用,其产业发展也开启了新的阶段。然而,到目前为止,中药配方颗粒质量标准的制定以及销售与生产的监管并不完善,仍需进行广泛及深入的讨论与研究。因此,文章对中药配方颗粒质量标准研究的相关内容进行综述,对配方颗粒应用中发现的问题进行思考,结合实际情况提出建议,为完善中药配方颗粒质量控制、提升其临床应用合理性及引导中药配方颗粒行业的健康发展提供参考。

中药配方颗粒临床综合评价维度和方法的现状分析

《关于结束中药配方颗粒试点工作的公告》(2021年第22号)的发布,以及中药配方颗粒部分国家标准的实施,表明我国中药配方颗粒产业将进入一个全新的发展阶段。近年来,药品临床综合评价受到越来越多的关注,中药配方颗粒的应用越来越多,开展中药配方颗粒临床综合评价势在必行。目前中药配方颗粒的研究主要侧重于与中药饮片的一致性及其质量控制等方面,其临床综合评价维度和方法尚在建立之中。通过归纳总结现有的药品临床综合评价维度和方法,同时考虑到中药配方颗粒不同于化学成分相对单一的化学药,又区别于中药饮片、中成药,并结合中药配方颗粒的质量稳定性和中医药特色,提出建立适宜中药配方颗粒的临床综合评价维度和方法,为广泛开展中药配方颗粒临床综合评价提供参考。

基于高效液相色谱指纹图谱对党参及其配方颗粒的质量评价研究

目的:建立党参与党参配方颗粒高效液相色谱法(HPLC)指纹图谱和指标成分含量同时测定方法,并对其质量进行评价。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,建立紫丁香苷、党参炔苷同时测定含量及指纹图谱方法。采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)》进行相似度评价,确定共有峰。结果:建立的指纹图谱及多指标成分含量测定方法符合方法学考察要求,2个成分的含量均有不同程度的差异;指纹图谱共确定了25个共有峰,并指认了其中2个成分;10批不同厂家党参配方颗粒指纹图谱与对照图谱的相似度均>0.900。结论:所建指纹图谱特征性强且操作简便,可用于党参配方颗粒的质量控制。