Four new lanostane triterpenoids featuring extendedπ-conjugated systems from the stems of Kadsura coccinea

Four new 14(13→12)-abeolanostane triterpenoids featuring extendedπ-conjugated systems,kadcoccitanes E-H(1-4),were obtained from the stems of Kadsura coccinea through using a HPLC−UV-guided approach.Their structural and configurational determination was accomplished through extensive spectroscopic analysis coupled with quantum chemical calculations.Kadcoccitanes E-H were tested for their cytotoxic activities against five human tumor cell lines(HL-60,A-549,SMMC-7721,MDA-MB-231,SW-480)but none of them exhibited activities at the concentration 40μM.

Four 14(13→12)‑Abeolanostane Triterpenoids with 6/6/5/6‑Fused Ring System from the Roots of Kadsura coccinea

Four new rearranged 6/6/5/6-fused lanostane-type triterpenoids,kadcoccitanes A-D(1-4),were isolated from the roots of Kadsura coccinea,and their structures were mainly elucidated by comprehensive analysis of their spectroscopic data.Additionally,the structure of 1 was ambiguously verifed by single-crystal X-ray difraction,while the structure of 2,which features a novel 8,16-epoxy motif,was validated by quantum chemical calculation of NMR parameters and ECD spectrum.Moreover,1 and 4 were found to exhibited anticoagulant activity,while 3 and 4 were found to possess anti-platelet aggregation activity.

Lanostane Tetracyclic Triterpenoids as Important Sources for Anti-Inflammatory Drug Discovery

Inflammation is a defensive reaction of the human body to numerous detrimental stimuli,including physical trauma,noxious chemicals,as well as microbial agents.Uncontrolled inflammation is the pathological basis of multiple diseases,such as rheumatoid arthritis(RA),neurodegenerative diseases,liver disease,and lung inflammation.Lanostane triterpenoids are natural tetracyclic triterpenoids with significant anti-inflammatory activity.An extensive review of the published literature regarding the phytochemistry and anti-inflammatory pharmacology of lanostane triterpenoids has been performed and analyzed using several search engines,such as SciFinder,Web of Science,Scopus,PubMed,Google Scholar,and ScienceDirect.This review is devoted to naturally occurring lanostane-type triterpenes with anti-inflammatory activity,including their sources,biosynthesis,and mechanism of action.This review also discusses the inflammation-related diseases and the clinical significance of traditional Chinese medicine as multi-target therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases.In the past 30 years,more than 100 new lanostane-type triterpenes have been reported from the families Schisandraceae,Ganodermataceae,and Polyporaceae.Six compounds,fomitopinic acid A,fomitosides E and F,obtusifoliol,4α,l4α-dimethyl-5α-ergosta-7,9(11),24(28)-trien-3β-ol,and gramisterol exhibited the most potent anti-inflammatory activity against cyclooxygenase-1(COX-1)and COX-2,with IC50 values ranging from 0.087 to 1.15μM.Some of these compounds exhibited significant activity by mediating the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory cytokines,inducible nitric oxide synthase,and COX-2 expression.This review provides a basis for identifying anti-inflammatory drugs with high selectivity,high potency,and few adverse effects from lanostane-type triterpenes.

Triterpenoids and phenolics from the fruiting bodies of Inonotus hispidus and their activations of melanogenesis and tyrosinase

Two new 24-methyl lanostane triterpenoids,hispindic acids A and B（1 and 2）,and a new phenolic compound,hispinine（7）,along with nine known compounds（3-6,and 8-12）,were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Inonotus hispidus.Their structures were elucidated based on the extensive analysis of spectroscopic data（NMR and HRMS）.Hispindic acid A（1） possesses an unusual formyl group at C-30.Compounds 1,3-4,and 8 showed stronger activate abilities of melanogenesis and tyrosinase in B16 melanoma cells than those of positive control,8-methoxypsoralen,at 50 μmol/L

Applanoids A—E as the First Examples of C-15/C-20 Michael Adducts in Ganoderma Triterpenoids and Their PXR Agonistic Activity

Ganoderma triterpenoids(GTs),a class of major active constituents of Ganoderma fungi,possess diverse structures and remarkable activities.In the present study,nine new GTs,namely applanoids A—I(1—9),were isolated from the medicinal fungus of Ganoderma applanatum.Their structures including absolute configurations were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and ECD calculation.Applanoids A—E(1—5)represent the first example of GTs with 6/6/5/6/5 pentacyclic system and the formation of the ether ring between C-15 and C-20 involves Michael addition reaction.Furthermore,compounds 1—8 were evaluated for their human pregnane X receptor(hPXR)agonistic activity using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay,and the results showed that compounds 1,2 and 4 can dose-dependently activate hPXR.This investigation further illustrated the structural diversity of GTs and provided new insights for searching PXR agonists from GTs.