This paper presents a method to acquire runtime distribution ratio of building air conditioning system under part load condition (part load coefficient of system) through practical energy consumption data. By utilizin...This paper presents a method to acquire runtime distribution ratio of building air conditioning system under part load condition (part load coefficient of system) through practical energy consumption data. By utilizing monthly energy consumption data of the entire year as the analysis object,this paper identifies data distribution,verifies distribution characteristics and analyzes distribution probability density for the issue of running time distribution ratio of air conditioning system in part load zones in the whole operation period,thus providing a basic calculation basis for an overall analysis of energy efficiency of air conditioning system. In view of the general survey of public building energy consumption carried by the government of Chongqing,this paper takes the governmental office building as an example,the part load ratio coefficient corresponding to practical running of air conditioning system of governmental office building in Chongqing is obtained by utilizing the above probability analysis and the solving method of probability density function. By utilizing the ratio coefficient obtained using this method,the part load coefficient with any running ratio of air conditioning system can be obtained according to the requirement of analysis,which can be used in any load ratio for analyzing running energy efficiency of air conditioning system.展开更多
-Air-conditioning (AC) systems are the major energy consumption units in residential and commercial buildings. In the context of smart grid, optimizing AC operations leads to substantial saving in energy consumption...-Air-conditioning (AC) systems are the major energy consumption units in residential and commercial buildings. In the context of smart grid, optimizing AC operations leads to substantial saving in energy consumption, reducing the consumer's bill and contributing to the environment by minimizing carbon emissions from generating stations. This paper presents a distributed AC energy management system for buildings by using networked master-slaves controller architecture. The proposed system was designed, simulated, and experimentally tested by using real AC units in a students' residence hall. Based on the students' class schedules, several operational scenarios were implemented and tested. The proposed system implementation leads to a 40% to 60% saving of the consumed energy by the tested units. The same energy management scheme can be applied and implemented in other commercial and residential buildings.展开更多
Residential air conditioning(RAC)loads have great potential to be included in demand response(DR)programs.This paper studies large-scale RAC loads participating in DR programs,such as modeling,parameters identificatio...Residential air conditioning(RAC)loads have great potential to be included in demand response(DR)programs.This paper studies large-scale RAC loads participating in DR programs,such as modeling,parameters identification,DR characteristics and control strategies.First,an aggregate model of large-scale RAC loads are established based on the buildings’performance with heat storage and insulation,avoiding the calculation of a single RAC model.Then,parameters of the aggregate model are identified based on the RACs’power and outdoor temperatures.Based on the aggregate model,DR characteristics of RAC loads are analyzed,including the dynamic relationship between power,outdoor and indoor temperature,and the potential of DR combined with the users’comfort.Next,the DR control strategies adapted for large-scale RAC loads are established by adjusting the temperature set-points.The DR strategies consider users’comfort and calculate the control signals of each RAC load according to the DR power,including adjustment temperature and adjustment time,which are sent to each RAC load for execution.In the DR process,the control center does not need to obtain the users’indoor temperature,which is conducive to protecting the users’privacy.DR strategies of RAC loads when the control degree within/beyond the DR potential are both proposed,and a load recovery control strategy is also introduced.Finally,the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model and DR control strategies are verified by simulation results.展开更多
Energy saving is one of the most important research hotspots, by which operational expenditure and CO2 emission can be reduced. Optimal cooling capacity scheduling in addition to temperature control can improve energy...Energy saving is one of the most important research hotspots, by which operational expenditure and CO2 emission can be reduced. Optimal cooling capacity scheduling in addition to temperature control can improve energy efficiency. The main contribution of this work is modeling the telecommunication building for the fabric cooling load to schedule the operation of air conditioners. The time series data of the fabric cooling load of the building envelope is taken by simulation by using Energy Plus, Building Control Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB), and Matlab. This pre-computed data and other internal thermal loads are used for scheduling in air conditioners. Energy savings obtained for the whole year are about 4% to 6% by simulation and the field study, respectively.展开更多
针对空调为二次泵变流量系统时,考虑分区域供冷工况下,采用多目标回归方式解决负荷预测问题将有利于提高负荷预测准确性的情况,提出了两种多目标回归的中央空调负荷预测模型,即多目标支持向量回归(support vector regression,SVR)负荷...针对空调为二次泵变流量系统时,考虑分区域供冷工况下,采用多目标回归方式解决负荷预测问题将有利于提高负荷预测准确性的情况,提出了两种多目标回归的中央空调负荷预测模型,即多目标支持向量回归(support vector regression,SVR)负荷预测模型和多目标长短期记忆(long short term memory,LSTM)神经网络负荷预测模型,利用上海市某医院的二次泵变流量系统数据对两个模型进行训练和预测,并与单目标回归预测模型进行比较.研究结果表明:相较单目标回归预测模型,两种多目标预测模型的预测精度更高;多目标SVR负荷预测模型较多目标LSTM负荷预测模型的预测准确性更高.展开更多
空调负荷的精准预测对建筑空调系统优化控制具有重要意义。为提高空调负荷预测精度,提出了一种基于奇异谱分析(SSA,Singular Spectrum Analysis)的卷积神经网络(CNN,Convolutional Neural Network)和双向长短时记忆网络(BiLSTM,Bidirect...空调负荷的精准预测对建筑空调系统优化控制具有重要意义。为提高空调负荷预测精度,提出了一种基于奇异谱分析(SSA,Singular Spectrum Analysis)的卷积神经网络(CNN,Convolutional Neural Network)和双向长短时记忆网络(BiLSTM,Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory)短期空调负荷预测模型。使用皮尔森相关系数选取与空调负荷高相关性特征。针对空调负荷的波动性和随机性,采用SSA将空调负荷分解为多个分量,同时将各个分量带入CNN-BiLSTM模型进行预测,该模型利用了CNN的特征提取和BiLSTM的双向学习能力,并将各个分量预测结果进行重构。通过不同建筑类型的空调数据对该模型进行验证分析,发现所提出模型在预测办公建筑空调负荷中RMSE、MAPE和MAE为19.47RT、14.72RT和2.33%,在预测商业建筑空调负荷中RMSE、MAPE和MAE为82.5RT、34.21RT和0.87%。结果表明,所提出的模型具有普适性且精度较高,可进行推广应用。展开更多
基金Project(50838009) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2006BAJ02A09,2006BAJ02A13-4) supported by the National Key Technologies R & D Program of ChinaProject(CSTC,2008AB7110) supported by the Key Technologies R & D Programme of Chongqing,China
文摘This paper presents a method to acquire runtime distribution ratio of building air conditioning system under part load condition (part load coefficient of system) through practical energy consumption data. By utilizing monthly energy consumption data of the entire year as the analysis object,this paper identifies data distribution,verifies distribution characteristics and analyzes distribution probability density for the issue of running time distribution ratio of air conditioning system in part load zones in the whole operation period,thus providing a basic calculation basis for an overall analysis of energy efficiency of air conditioning system. In view of the general survey of public building energy consumption carried by the government of Chongqing,this paper takes the governmental office building as an example,the part load ratio coefficient corresponding to practical running of air conditioning system of governmental office building in Chongqing is obtained by utilizing the above probability analysis and the solving method of probability density function. By utilizing the ratio coefficient obtained using this method,the part load coefficient with any running ratio of air conditioning system can be obtained according to the requirement of analysis,which can be used in any load ratio for analyzing running energy efficiency of air conditioning system.
基金supported by the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Students’ Affair-Residential Dormitories Department, American University of Sharjah, UAE
文摘-Air-conditioning (AC) systems are the major energy consumption units in residential and commercial buildings. In the context of smart grid, optimizing AC operations leads to substantial saving in energy consumption, reducing the consumer's bill and contributing to the environment by minimizing carbon emissions from generating stations. This paper presents a distributed AC energy management system for buildings by using networked master-slaves controller architecture. The proposed system was designed, simulated, and experimentally tested by using real AC units in a students' residence hall. Based on the students' class schedules, several operational scenarios were implemented and tested. The proposed system implementation leads to a 40% to 60% saving of the consumed energy by the tested units. The same energy management scheme can be applied and implemented in other commercial and residential buildings.
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China under Grant No.2016YFB0901100the National Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51577051the Science and Technology Project of SGCC“Research on the system for friendly supply-demand interaction between urban electric power customers and power grid”.
文摘Residential air conditioning(RAC)loads have great potential to be included in demand response(DR)programs.This paper studies large-scale RAC loads participating in DR programs,such as modeling,parameters identification,DR characteristics and control strategies.First,an aggregate model of large-scale RAC loads are established based on the buildings’performance with heat storage and insulation,avoiding the calculation of a single RAC model.Then,parameters of the aggregate model are identified based on the RACs’power and outdoor temperatures.Based on the aggregate model,DR characteristics of RAC loads are analyzed,including the dynamic relationship between power,outdoor and indoor temperature,and the potential of DR combined with the users’comfort.Next,the DR control strategies adapted for large-scale RAC loads are established by adjusting the temperature set-points.The DR strategies consider users’comfort and calculate the control signals of each RAC load according to the DR power,including adjustment temperature and adjustment time,which are sent to each RAC load for execution.In the DR process,the control center does not need to obtain the users’indoor temperature,which is conducive to protecting the users’privacy.DR strategies of RAC loads when the control degree within/beyond the DR potential are both proposed,and a load recovery control strategy is also introduced.Finally,the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model and DR control strategies are verified by simulation results.
基金support and facilities provieded by Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited Chennai Telephones and Department of Telecommunications,India for this study
文摘Energy saving is one of the most important research hotspots, by which operational expenditure and CO2 emission can be reduced. Optimal cooling capacity scheduling in addition to temperature control can improve energy efficiency. The main contribution of this work is modeling the telecommunication building for the fabric cooling load to schedule the operation of air conditioners. The time series data of the fabric cooling load of the building envelope is taken by simulation by using Energy Plus, Building Control Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB), and Matlab. This pre-computed data and other internal thermal loads are used for scheduling in air conditioners. Energy savings obtained for the whole year are about 4% to 6% by simulation and the field study, respectively.
文摘针对空调为二次泵变流量系统时,考虑分区域供冷工况下,采用多目标回归方式解决负荷预测问题将有利于提高负荷预测准确性的情况,提出了两种多目标回归的中央空调负荷预测模型,即多目标支持向量回归(support vector regression,SVR)负荷预测模型和多目标长短期记忆(long short term memory,LSTM)神经网络负荷预测模型,利用上海市某医院的二次泵变流量系统数据对两个模型进行训练和预测,并与单目标回归预测模型进行比较.研究结果表明:相较单目标回归预测模型,两种多目标预测模型的预测精度更高;多目标SVR负荷预测模型较多目标LSTM负荷预测模型的预测准确性更高.
文摘空调负荷的精准预测对建筑空调系统优化控制具有重要意义。为提高空调负荷预测精度,提出了一种基于奇异谱分析(SSA,Singular Spectrum Analysis)的卷积神经网络(CNN,Convolutional Neural Network)和双向长短时记忆网络(BiLSTM,Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory)短期空调负荷预测模型。使用皮尔森相关系数选取与空调负荷高相关性特征。针对空调负荷的波动性和随机性,采用SSA将空调负荷分解为多个分量,同时将各个分量带入CNN-BiLSTM模型进行预测,该模型利用了CNN的特征提取和BiLSTM的双向学习能力,并将各个分量预测结果进行重构。通过不同建筑类型的空调数据对该模型进行验证分析,发现所提出模型在预测办公建筑空调负荷中RMSE、MAPE和MAE为19.47RT、14.72RT和2.33%,在预测商业建筑空调负荷中RMSE、MAPE和MAE为82.5RT、34.21RT和0.87%。结果表明,所提出的模型具有普适性且精度较高,可进行推广应用。