Evaluating the conceptual design schemes of complex products based on FAHP using fuzzy number

In the conceptual design stage of complex products, CBR（Case-Based Reasoning） tool is useful to offer a feasible set of schemes. Then the most adaptive scheme can be generated through a procedure of comparison and evaluation. The procedure is essentially a multiple criteria decision-making problem. The traditional multiple criteria programming is not flexible enough in executing the system evaluation algorithm due to both the limited experimental data and the lack of human experiences. To make the CBR tool to be more efficient, a new method for the best choice among the feasible schemes based on the Fuzzy AHP using Fuzzy numbers （FFAHP） is proposed. Since the final results become a problem of ranking the mean of fuzzy numbers by the optimism of decision-maker using the FFAHP, its execution is much more intuitive and effective than with the traditional method.

Special Issue on Innovative Design of Complex Products

With the development of science and technology as well as the diversification and individualization of market demand,modern products update more and more rapidly.e rapid development of new products to satisfy the increasingly improved and personalized customer demands greatly depends on the progress in the innovative design theory and performance optimization

Study on the Production Benefit of Large-scale Tobacco Growers

The tobacco growers with the growing area of greater than or equal to 100 mu,have become an important subject of tobacco production in Weng'an County of Guizhou Province. Regulating and developing the production and business activities of large-scale tobacco growers, plays an important role in stabilizing tobacco production,reducing costs and increasing efficiency in Weng'an County. Through the field survey of large-scale growers' production activities,this article analyzes the input and output levels,and explores the key factors influencing benefit, in order to provide a basis for further regulating the tobacco growing practices and improving the flue-cured tobacco production benefit.

A method of manufacturing process modeling based on activity network for large-sized and complex products

Simulation technique is an efficient approach to realize the planning and scheduling of manufacturing process of products. An appropriate and efficient manufacturing process model is the basis and key of manufacturing process simulation. By analyzing the features of large-sized and complex products, a method of manufacturing process modeling based on activity network is presented and a mapping algorithm of translating BOM/BOP into the manufacturing process model is designed in detail.

CARBONACEOUS PRODUCTS OF POLYMER-PALLADIUM COMPLEXES AS CATALYSTS FOR THE HYDROGENATION OF METHYL ACRYLATE

Many catalysts were pcrpared by carbonization of ion exchange resin-PdCl_2 complexes at high temperature in nitrogen, hydrogen atmosphere. The rates for the hydrogenation of methyl acrylate and the amounts of Pd elution of the carbonaceous products were measured and compared with those of commercial Pd/C catalyst. It indicates that the carbonaceous products are less active than Pd/C. However, the leaching of Pd from carbonaceous products is very small and much less than that from Pd/C.

Research of Personnel Operational Ability Evaluation of Large-scale Complex Equipment

The level of personnel operation ability determines the expected effectiveness of large-scale complex equipment. Firstly, this paper constructs the personnel operational ability evaluation index system and analyzes the data source of index. Secondly, the weight of index is determined and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is proposed. Finally, results of instance analysis show that the evaluation model is feasible and effective.

ON DOUBLY WARPED PRODUCT OF COMPLEX FINSLER MANIFOLDS

Let （M1, F1） and （M2, F2） be two strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler man- ifolds. The doubly wraped product complex Finsler manifold （f2 M1 x h M2, F） of （M1, F1） and （M2, F2） is the product manifold M1 x M2 endowed with the warped product complex 2 2 Finsler metric F2 = f2F1 ＋ fl F2, where fl and f2 are positive smooth functions on M1 and M2, respectively. In this paper, the most often used complex Finsler connections, holomorphic curvature, Ricci scalar curvature, and real geodesics of the DWP-complex Finsler manifold are derived in terms of the corresponding objects of its components. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the DWP-complex Finsler manifold to be K/ihler Finsler （resp., weakly K/ihler Finsler, complex Berwald, weakly complex Berwald, complex Landsberg） manifold are ob- tained, respectively. It is proved that if （M1, F1） and （M2,F2） are projectively flat, then the DWP-complex Finsler manifold is projectively flat if and only if fl and f2 are positive constants.

SOME RESULTS ON PRODUCT COMPLEX FINSLER MANIFOLDS

Let （M, F ） be the product complex Finsler manifold of two strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler manifolds （M 1 , F 1 ） and （M 2 , F 2 ）. In this paper, we obtain the relationship between the Chern Finsler connection coefficients Γ i ; k associated to F and the Chern Finsler connection coefficients Γ a ; c , Γα ; γ associated to F 1 , F 2 , respectively. As applications we prove that, if both （M 1 , F 1 ） and （M 2 , F 2 ） are strongly Ka¨hler Finsler （complex Berwald, or locally complex Minkowski, respectively） manifolds, so does （M, F ）. Furthermore, we prove that the holomorphic curvature K F = 0 if and only if K F1 = 0 and K F2 = 0.

Efficient Routing Protection Algorithm in Large-Scale Networks

With an increasing urgent demand for fast recovery routing mechanisms in large-scale networks,minimizing network disruption caused by network failure has become critical.However,a large number of relevant studies have shown that network failures occur on the Internet inevitably and frequently.The current routing protocols deployed on the Internet adopt the reconvergence mechanism to cope with network failures.During the reconvergence process,the packets may be lost because of inconsistent routing information,which reduces the network’s availability greatly and affects the Internet service provider’s(ISP’s)service quality and reputation seriously.Therefore,improving network availability has become an urgent problem.As such,the Internet Engineering Task Force suggests the use of downstream path criterion(DC)to address all single-link failure scenarios.However,existing methods for implementing DC schemes are time consuming,require a large amount of router CPU resources,and may deteriorate router capability.Thus,the computation overhead introduced by existing DC schemes is significant,especially in large-scale networks.Therefore,this study proposes an efficient intra-domain routing protection algorithm(ERPA)in large-scale networks.Theoretical analysis indicates that the time complexity of ERPA is less than that of constructing a shortest path tree.Experimental results show that ERPA can reduce the computation overhead significantly compared with the existing algorithms while offering the same network availability as DC.

Response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization for complex product under mixed uncertainties

Minimizing the impact of the mixed uncertainties(i.e.,the aleatory uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty) for a complex product of compliant mechanism(CPCM) quality improvement signifies a fascinating research topic to enhance the robustness.However, most of the existing works in the CPCM robust design optimization neglect the mixed uncertainties, which might result in an unstable design or even an infeasible design. To solve this issue, a response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization(RSM-based HRDO) approach is proposed to improve the robustness of the quality characteristic for the CPCM via considering the mixed uncertainties in the robust design optimization. A bridge-type amplification mechanism is used to manifest the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The comparison results prove that the proposed approach can not only keep its superiority in the robustness, but also provide a robust scheme for optimizing the design parameters.

COMPLEX INNER PRODUCT AVERAGING METHOD FOR CALCULATING NORMAL FORM OF ODE

This paper puts forward a complex inner product averaging method for calculating normal form of ODE. Compared with conventional averaging method, the theoretic analytical process has such simple forms as to realize computer program easily. Results can be applied in both autonomous and non-autonomous systems. At last, an example is resolved to verify the method.

A Design Method with Knowledge Modeling for Complex Product Based on Ontology

Innovation design for complex products is a difficult issue in the military manufacturing industry. Ontology may provide a feasible way to rebuild the design process for complex products via sharing and reusing of design knowledge. In this paper, a design method used in the innovation design process of the complex products with knowledge modeling is proposed. Knowledge modeling is realized through ontology construction by combining the cycling evolutional theory of constructing ontology and OWL (Ontology Web Language)-based knowledge representation. As a case study, the satellite is selected as one of the complex products. The application domain of the satellite ontology is analyzed. According to the analysis result, the knowledge structure of satellite ontology is put forward based on OWL. The application of satellite product design shows that the method can effectively organize and reuse the knowledge resources in the innovation design of complex product and help companies to create more competitive products based on the existing knowledge and experience.

Predicting Model for Complex Production Process Based on Dynamic Neural Network

Based on the comparison of several methods of time series predicting, this paper points out that it is necessary to use dynamic neural network in modeling of complex production process. Because self feedback and mutual feedback are adopted among nodes at the same layer in Elman network, it has stronger ability of dynamic approximation, and can describe any non linear dynamic system. After the structure and mathematical description being given, dynamic back propagation (BP) algorithm of training weights of Elman neural network is deduced. At last, the network is used to predict ash content of black amber in jigging production process. The results show that this neural network is powerful in predicting and suitable for modeling, predicting, and controling of complex production process.

Object registration using an RGB-D camera for complex product augmented assembly guidance

Background Augmented assembly guidance aims to help users complete assembly operations more efficiently and quickly through augmented reality technology,breaking the limitations of traditional assembly guidance technology which is single in content and boring in way.Object registration is one of the key technologies in augmented assembly guidance process,which can affect the location and direction of virtual assembly guidance information in real assembly environment.Methods This paper presents an object registration method based on RGB-D camera,which combines Lucas-Kanade(LK)optical flow algorithm and Iterative Closet Point(ICP)algorithm.An augmented assembly guidance system for complex products through this method is built.Meanwhile,in order to compare the effectiveness of the proposed method,we also implemented object registration based on an open source augmented reality SDK Vuforia.Results An engine model and a complex weapon cabin equipment are taken as an case to verify this work.The result shows that the registration method proposed in this paper is more accurate and stable compared with that based on Vuforia and the augmented assembly guidance system through this method greatly improves the user's time compared with the traditional assembly.Conclusions Therefore,we can conclude that the object registration method mentioned in this paper can be well applied in the augmented assembly guidance system,which can do enhance the efficiency of assembly considerably.

Series Design of Large-Scale NC Machine Tool

Product system design is a mature concept in western developed countries. It has been applied in war industry during the last century. However,up until now,functional combination is still the main method for product system de-sign in China. Therefore,in terms of a concept of product generation and product interaction we are in a weak position compared with the requirements of global markets. Today,the idea of serial product design has attracted much attention in the design field and the definition of product generation as well as its parameters has already become the standard in serial product designs. Although the design of a large-scale NC machine tool is complicated,it can be further optimized by the precise exercise of object design by placing the concept of platform establishment firmly into serial product de-sign. The essence of a serial product design has been demonstrated by the design process of a large-scale NC machine tool.

As Could We Assure Safety in Large-Scale Manufacturing of Nanoparticles for the Biomedical Use

Nanoparticles provide great advantages but also great risks. Risks associating with nanoparticles are the problem of all technologies, but they increase in many times in nanotechnologies. Adequate methods of outgoing production inspection are necessary to solve the problem of risks, and the inspection must be based on the safety standard. Existing safety standard results from a principle of “maximum permissible concentrations or MPC”. This principle is not applicable to nanoparticles, but a safety standard reflecting risks inherent in nanoparticles doesn’t exist. Essence of the risks is illustrated by the example from pharmacology, since its safety assurance is conceptually based on MPC and it has already come against this problem. Possible formula of safety standard for nanoparticles is reflected in many publications, but conventional inspection methods cannot provide its realization, and this gap is an obstacle to assumption of similar formulas. Therefore the development of nanoparticle industry as a whole (also development of the pharmacology in particular) is impossible without the creation of an adequate inspection method. There are suggested new inspection methods founded on the new physical principle and satisfying to the adequate safety standard for nanoparticles. These methods demonstrate that creation of the adequate safety standard and the outgoing production inspection in a large-scale manufacturing of nanoparticles are the solvable problems. However there is a great distance between the physical principle and its hardware realization, and a transition from the principle to the hardware demands great intellectual and material costs. Therefore it is desirable to call attention of the public at large to the necessity of urgent expansions of investigations associated with outgoing inspections in nanoparticles technologies. It is necessary also to attract attention, first, of representatives of state structures controlling approvals of the adequate safety standard to this problem, since it is impossible to compel producers providing the safety without the similar standard, and, second, of leaders of pharmacological industry, since their industry already entered into the nanotechnology era, and they have taken an interest in a forthcoming development of inspection methods.

Evolving patterns of agricultural production space in China:A network-based approach

The agricultural production space,as where and how much each agricultural product grows,plays a vital role in meeting the increasing and diverse food demands.Previous studies on agricultural production patterns have predominantly centered on individual or specific crop types,using methods such as remote sensing or statistical metrological analysis.In this study,we characterize the agricultural production space(APS)by bipartite network connecting agricultural products and provinces,to reveal the relatedness between diverse agricultural products and the spatiotemporal characteristic of provincial production capabilities in China.The results show that core products are cereal,pork,melon,and pome fruit;meanwhile the milk,grape,and fiber crop show an upward trend in centrality,which is in line with diet structure changes in China over the past decades.The little changes in community components and structures of agricultural products and provinces reveal that agricultural production patterns in China are relatively stable.Additionally,identified provincial communities closely resemble China's agricultural natural zones.Furthermore,the observed growth in production capabilities in North and Northeast China implies their potential focus areas for future agricultural production.Despite the superior production capa-bilities of southern provinces,recent years have witnessed a notable decline,warranting special attentions.The findings provide a comprehensive perspective for understanding the complex relationship of agricultural prod-ucts'relatedness,production capabilities and production patterns,which serve as a reference for the agricultural spatial optimization and agricultural sustainable development.

Requirements ranking based on crowd-sourcing high-end product USs

Based on the characteristics of high-end products,crowd-sourcing user stories can be seen as an effective means of gathering requirements,involving a large user base and generating a substantial amount of unstructured feedback.The key challenge lies in transforming abstract user needs into specific ones,requiring integration and analysis.Therefore,we propose a topic mining-based approach to categorize,summarize,and rank product requirements from user stories.Specifically,after determining the number of story categories based on py LDAvis,we initially classify“I want to”phrases within user stories.Subsequently,classic topic models are applied to each category to generate their names,defining each post-classification user story category as a requirement.Furthermore,a weighted ranking function is devised to calculate the importance of each requirement.Finally,we validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method using 2966 crowd-sourced user stories related to smart home systems.

Transforming Multidisciplinary Customer Requirements to Product Design Specifications

With the increasing of complexity of complex mechatronic products, it is necessary to involve multidis- ciplinary design teams, thus, the traditional customer requirements modeling for a single discipline team becomes difficult to be applied in a multidisciplinary team and project since team members with various disciplinary backgrounds may have different interpretations of the customers＇ requirements. A new synthesized multidisci- plinary customer requirements modeling method is pro- vided for obtaining and describing the common understanding of customer requirements （CRs） and more importantly transferring them into a detailed and accurate product design specifications （PDS） to interact with dif- ferent team members effectively. A case study of designing a high speed train verifies the rationality and feasibility of the proposed multidisciplinary requirement modeling method for complex mechatronic product development. This proposed research offersthe instruction to realize the customer-driven personalized customization of complex mechatronic product.