Financial Calculation Problems and Countermeasure Analysis of Large-Scale Engineering Construction Projects

The financial aspects of large-scale engineering construction projects profoundly influence their success.Strengthening cost control and establishing a scientific financial evaluation system can enhance the project’s economic benefits,minimize unnecessary costs,and provide decision-makers with a robust financial foundation.Additionally,implementing an effective cash flow control mechanism and conducting a comprehensive assessment of potential project risks can ensure financial stability and mitigate the risk of fund shortages.Developing a practical and feasible fundraising plan,along with stringent fund management practices,can prevent fund wastage and optimize fund utilization efficiency.These measures not only facilitate smooth project progression and improve project management efficiency but also enhance the project’s economic and social outcomes.

Authorized Identity-Based Public Cloud Storage Auditing Scheme with Hierarchical Structure for Large-Scale User Groups

Identity-based public cloud storage auditing schemes can check the integrity of cloud data, and reduce the complicated certificate management. In such a scheme, one Private Key Generator(PKG) is employed to authenticate the identity and generate private keys for all users, and one Third Party Auditor(TPA) is employed to by users to check the integrity of cloud data. This approach is undesirable for large-scale users since the PKG and the TPA might not be able to afford the heavy workload. To solve the problem, we give a hierarchical Private Key Generator structure for large-scale user groups, in which a root PKG delegates lower-level PKGs to generate private keys and authenticate identities. Based on the proposed structure, we propose an authorized identity-based public cloud storage auditing scheme, in which the lowest-level PKGs play the role of TPA, and only the authorized lowest-level PKGs can represent users in their domains to check cloud data's integrity. Furthermore, we give the formal security analysis and experimental results, which show that our proposed scheme is secure and efficient.

Effects of the Beijing Subway Accident on Engineering Monitoring and Auditing

On March 28, 2007, six people were buried by a cave-in at Suzhoujie Station on Line 10 of the Beijing Subway. The fatalities were caused when the unit in charge of construction foiled to implement a timely e-vacuation after a construction accident took place. (See Beijing Youth, April 1, 2007) .

Modified Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Methods for Large-Scale Chemical Process Optimization

Chemical process optimization can be described as large-scale nonlinear constrained minimization. The modified augmented Lagrange multiplier methods (MALMM) for large-scale nonlinear constrained minimization are studied in this paper. The Lagrange function contains the penalty terms on equality and inequality constraints and the methods can be applied to solve a series of bound constrained sub-problems instead of a series of unconstrained sub-problems. The steps of the methods are examined in full detail. Numerical experiments are made for a variety of problems, from small to very large-scale, which show the stability and effectiveness of the methods in large-scale problems.

Free-Interface Dual-Compatibility Modal Synthesis Substructure Method in Large-Scale Structures

Free-interface dual-compatibility modal synthesis method(compatibility of both force and displacement on interfaces)is introduced to large-scale civil engineering structure to enhance computation efficiency. The basic equations of the method are first set up, and then the mode cut-off principle and the dividing principle are proposed. MATLAB is used for simulation in different frame structures. The simulation results demonstrate the applicability of this substructure method to civil engineering structures and the correctness of the proposed mode cut-off principle. Studies are also conducted on how to divide the whole structure for better computation efficiency while maintaining better precision. It is observed that the geometry and material properties should be considered, and the synthesis results would be more precise when the inflection points of the mode shapes are taken into consideration. Furthermore, the simulation performed on a large-scale high-rise connected structure further proves the feasibility and efficiency of this modal synthesis method compared with the traditional global method. It is also concluded from the simulation results that the fewer number of DOFs in each substructure will result in better computation efficiency, but too many substructures will be time-consuming due to the tedious synthesis procedures. Moreover, the substructures with free interface will introduce errors and reduce the precision dramatically, which should be avoided.

Practice and experience of engineering culture development in the Sutong Bridge project

To keep up with the time,culture is integrated to large-scale construction project management in China,which will absolutely add more vitality into construction project management in our country.Engineering culture is an integration of project construction and engineering culture.However,engineering culture development enjoys its own particularity as a project is constructed once only within a limited period of time.This paper gives affirmative opinion that engineering culture development in large-scale projects backs project management on the basis of thorough investigation of engineering culture development in Sutong Bridge Project and after deepened analysis,proposes new thinking pattern of engineering culture development in large-scale projects in a systematic manner,including thorough understanding of the essence of engineering culture,principle and contents of engineering culture development as well as efficient method in respect of establishment and implementation of engineering culture,and therefore provides a standard reference and systematic thinking pattern for engineering culture development in future large-scale projects.

基于大数据分析的建筑工程项目跟踪审计方法研究

由于建筑工程项目中会涉及到多个单位和部门,在开展跟踪审计时难以应对复杂繁多的各类项目的监测审核。根据建筑工程项目的评价指标体系,构建跟踪审核分析模型,利用大数据计算分析工程项目跟踪审计指标参数,确保采集的监测数据的完整性和准确性,再逐一排查项目跟踪审计结果的各类风险点。实验结果表明,研究方法能够对建筑工程项目进行全面风险评估和预警,能够及时发现和应对潜在风险,降低了建筑工程项目的审计风险。

审核评估背景下地方类工科院校教学质量保障体系构建

构建地方工科院校教学质量保障体系意义重大。基于当前审核评估背景,地方工科院校存在质量监控体系不完备、信息化技术应用能力不足、质量评价机制不全面等问题。构建健全完备的教学质量保障体系,要在思想上牢固树立立德树人的根本理念,通过明确监控指标、畅通信息反馈渠道和成立监督管理组织机构,不断优化完善教学质量监督管理制度,并且充分利用现代信息化技术,多维度、全过程、内外联动监督教学实施,以全面保障人才培养质量。

高校工程审计委托中介机构服务质量评价探析——基于SERVQUAL量表评价法

全过程审计就是对于工程建设过程中的各个环节开展审计监督。为破解审计人力资源不足的困境,委托第三方审计的方式,已成为当前各大高校主要的建设工程全过程审计方法。工程审计委托社会中介机构提供的是一种咨询服务,服务质量的高低直接决定着审计质量的好坏。因而,如何选择合适第三方审计机构已成为当前研究的重点课题。本文对于当前市场上工程质量审计的现状进行分析,通过构建委托中介机构服务质量评价指标体系,验证SERVQUAL问卷量表信效度的可行性,并给出相应的对策和建议。

基于图像深度学习的电力工程巡视识别算法设计

针对电力工程线路图像信息利用程度低的问题,基于图像深度学习技术,文中提出了电力线路档距智能识别与审计算法。该算法利用维纳滤波进行电力线路图像的预处理,采用极线矫正和立体匹配完成实际空间点在双目图像中的映射匹配。同时使用Sobel算子进行边缘检测,并通过三维坐标转换实现电力线路档距的智能识别与审计。仿真算例结果表明,所提算法的档距识别平均误差仅为3.4%,相比于单目测距算法具有更高的识别准确度。且在实际电力工程应用中,该算法对档距不合格线路的识别率高达85%,远大于单目测距法的40%,故可有效提升电力工程线路审计的智能化水平。

EPC模式下军队工程项目审计内容要点分析及建议

本文选取EPC模式下军队工程项目作为研究对象,基于文献综述和专家访谈,结合EPC模式军队工程特点,辨识出EPC模式下军队工程项目12个审计重点。应用因子分析法进行关键因子提取,得到四个关键要素组:合同订立和履行、工程资金使用和监管、工程质量和安全、工程变更和索赔,并提出相应工程审计建议。本研究揭示EPC模式军队工程项目审计重点问题,提出针对性解决措施,并为EPC模式军队工程项目审计标准化提供依据。

面向防洪工程隐患调查的成果上报与质检审核平台设计与实现

防洪工程隐患调查是水旱灾害风险普查项目中的一项重点任务,由省市县三级水利部门联合填报与审核,具有工作范围广、涉及相关技术人员众多、成果质量控制难度较大等特点。为了提高普查数据采集的效率,保障成果质量的可靠性,该文采用微服务的软件开发方法,对整体业务流程和质检审核分析流程进行了设计,实现了“查、填、审、抽、督”一体化的成果上报与质检审核平台和基于规则驱动的在线质检审核服务,大幅度提升了广东省普查工作的效率和成果质量。

建筑工程造价全过程标准化跟踪审计的应用

近年来,随着我国城市化建设水平持续提升,建筑工程的规模不断扩大,人们对建筑工程建设质量的要求也不断提高。在此基础上,各建筑企业必须提高对建筑工程造价全过程标准化跟踪审计的重视,进一步加强对建筑工程成本和质量的控制,从而为企业争取更大的经济效益。文章分析了建筑工程造价全过程管控中标准化跟踪审计实施的必要性,梳理了标准化跟踪审计的实施思路和基本流程,进而提出了标准化跟踪审计的优化策略,旨在为各建筑企业造价管控工作提供参考。

BIM技术在某大坝工程项目全过程审计中的应用研究

随着工程建设的不断发展,信息化与审计的结合越加紧密,传统审计模式存在管理落后、取证困难、监督不健全等缺点,已难以适应现代化工程审计管理。为保证全过程审计的科学性与全面性,本文依托于某大坝工程项目探讨了BIM技术在全过程审计中的应用,对比了传统审计与基于BIM的全过程审计模式的优缺点,研究结果表明,BIM技术应用于全过程审计具有事前把控关键要素、事中实时监管、事后取证有迹可循的优点,研究结果可为类似工程提供参考借鉴。

工程竣工决算审计存在的问题与对策分析

工程竣工决算审计是工程建设项目的末端环节,综合性较强。文章介绍了竣工决算审计的基本情况,在此基础上从多个角度分析了工程竣工结算审计工作中存在的难点,以此为基础,针对性地研究了多种解决工程竣工结算审计问题的科学策略。希望为相关人士提供帮助和借鉴,明确审计工作难点,提升工作质量,圆满完成工程建设的收尾工作。

关于政府部门审计结论作为工程造价结算依据的探究

当前政府投资建设项目的工程合同,大多约定以政府审计部门的审计结论作为工程造价结算的依据,引发不少争议和纠纷。最高人民法院对此数次司法解释:审计是国家对建设单位的一种行政监督,不影响建设单位与承建单位的合同效力,但同时又认为,建设工程合同中约定以政府审计结论或财政审核结论作为结算依据的,审核结论应当作为结算的依据。此司法解释未能分清工程建设过程的投资成本与建设成本的概念,混淆了工程建设不同阶段成本管理的作用。政府审计是核定工程投资成本,工程造价结算是核实建设成本,投资成本与建设成本的性质内涵、作用范围不同,不能等同使用。以政府审计或财政审核的结论作为工程造价结算依据,背离民法典的合约公平对等原则,即使工程施工合同有约,也不能作为建设工程施工合同的工程造价结算依据。

当前高校基建工程审计面临的挑战与策略分析

从新形势下高校基建工程项目的特点入手,探讨当前高校工程审计所面临的问题与挑战。为了实现高校工程审计的可持续发展,保障高校建设资金的使用效益,通过对相关文献的研究以及对高校工程审计现状的调查,结合理论和实践两方面,分析并提出了解决问题的建议以及相应的策略分析,为提升高校工程审计水平,实现高校工程审计的可持续发展提供一定帮助。

回归分析在工程结算审计中的应用

总价合同在结算时常存在较多的争议,文章对某工业项目结算时涉及的设备价格调整争议进行分析,在对投标报价原始数据进行统计、筛选及处理的基础上建立散点图,通过运用回归分析推断出用于调整价格的趋势线,并就适用价格调整的范围、结论进行评析,强调回归分析在结算审计中具有一定的应用价值。

审计大模型的构建及应用研究——以员工违规经商办企业专项审计为例

大语言模型等人工智能技术的飞速发展为提高内部审计质效带来了契机。本文设计基于“提示工程+检索增强生成+超参数调整”的审计大模型构建框架,并以员工违规经商办企业专项审计为例,在贯穿审计全流程的九个审计工作场景中,探索并实现了大语言模型在内部审计中的应用。研究结果表明,本文所设计的构建框架可以帮助审计人员在实务中构建与应用审计大模型,为将大语言模型应用于审计工作提供实现路径的参考。

高校基本建设项目工程造价指标库研究

随着高校基本建设项目数量和规模的不断增加,工程造价管理面临诸多风险因素,高校工程审计对提高建设资金使用效益、改善内部工程管理水平、推动高校完善治理至关重要。本文以学生公寓、食堂、教学楼等项目竣工结算审计成果为基础,系统构建由工程造价综合指标、单项工程造价指标、材料设备价格库、工程造价统计分析指标组成的指标库;基于构建的工程造价指标库,横向对比同类型项目数据,计算算术平均值、标准差及变异度,探索指标库的实践应用和方向路径,为后续项目科学决策、规范管理、控制造价提供参考依据。