Technological advancement and industrialization path of Sinopec in carbon capture,utilization and storage,China

Carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technology is an important means to effectively reduce carbon emissions from fossil energy combustion and industrial processes.With the crisis of climate change,CCUS has attracted increasing attention in the world.CCUS technology as developed rapidly in China is technically feasible for large-scale application in various industries.The R&D and demonstration of CCUS in China Petroleum&Chemical Corporation(Sinopec)are summarized,including carbon capture,carbon transport,CO_(2)enhanced energy recovery(including oil,gas,and water,etc.),and comprehensive utilization of CO_(2).Based on the source-sink matching characteristics in China,two CCUS industrialization scenarios are proposed,namely,CO_(2)-EOR,CO_(2)-driven enhanced oil recovery using centralized carbon sinks in East China and CO_(2)-EWR,CO_(2)-driven enhanced water recovery(EWR)using centralized carbon sources from the coal chemical industry in West China.Finally,a CCUS industrialization path from Sinopec's perspective is suggested,using CO_(2)-EOR as the major means and CO_(2)-EWR,CO_(2)-driven enhanced gas recovery(CO_(2)-EGR)and other utilization methods as important supplementary means.

Waste heat recovery from hot steel slag on the production line:Numerical simulation,validation and industrial test

Waste heat recovery from hot steel slag was determined in a granular bed through the combination of numerical simulation and an industrial test method.First,the effective thermal conductivity of the granular bed was calculated.Then,the unsteady-state model was used to simulate the heat recovery under three different flow fields(O-type,S-type,and nonshielding type(Nontype)).Second,the simulation results were validated by in-situ industrial experiments.The two methods confirmed that the heat recovery efficiencies of the flow fields from high to low followed the order of Nontype,S-type,and O-type.Finally,heat recovery was carried out under the Nontype flow field in an industrial test.The heat recovery efficiency increased from~76%and~78%to~81%when the steel slag thickness decreased from 400 and 300 to 200 mm,corresponding to reductions in the steel slag mass from 3.96 and 2.97 to 1.98 t with a blower air volume of 14687 m^(3)/h.Therefore,the research results showed that numerical simulation can not only guide experiments on waste heat recovery but also optimize the flow field.Most importantly,the method proposed in this paper has achieved higher waste heat recovery from hot steel slag in industrial scale.

Filter-based iterative learning control for linear large-scale industrial processes

In the procedure of the steady-state hierarchical optimization with feedback for large-scale industrial processes, a sequence of set-point changes with different magnitudes is carried out on the optimization layer. To improve the dynamic performance of transient response driven by the set-point changes, a filter-based iterative learning control strategy is proposed. In the proposed updating law, a local-symmetric-integral operator is adopted for eliminating the measurement noise of output information,a set of desired trajectories are specified according to the set-point changes sequence, the current control input is iteratively achieved by utilizing smoothed output error to modify its control input at previous iteration, to which the amplified coefficients related to the different magnitudes of set-point changes are introduced. The convergence of the algorithm is conducted by incorporating frequency-domain technique into time-domain analysis. Numerical simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed strategy,

Industrial Arrangement of Large-scale,Non-grid-connected Wind Power Industrial Zones in Coastal Areas of China

Constructing an industrial system for a large-scale,non-grid-connected wind power industry is a key step towards the diverse utilization of wind power.However,wind power exploitation is not only a technical challenge but an industrial problem as well.The objective of this study is to introduce a concept of large-scale,non-grid-connected wind power(LSNGCWP) industrial zones and establish an evaluation model to assess their industrial arrangement.The data of wind energy,industry,nature resources and socio-economy were collected in this study.Using spatial overlay analysis of geographic information system,this study proposes a spatial arrangement of the LSNGCWP indus-trial zones in the coastal areas of China,which could be summarized as the 'one line and three circles' structure,which will contribute to the optimization of the industrial structure,advance the wind power technology,coordinate the multi-industrial cooperation,and upgrade the industrial transformation of China's coastal areas.

Progress and prospects of carbon dioxide capture,EOR-utilization and storage industrialization

Carbon dioxide capture,EOR-utilization and storage(CCUS-EOR)are the most practical and feasible large-scale carbon reduction technologies,and also the key technologies to greatly improve the recovery of low-permeability oil fields.This paper sorts out the main course of CCUS-EOR technological development abroad and its industrialization progress.The progress of CCUS-EOR technological research and field tests in China are summarized,the development status,problems and challenges of the entire industry chain of CO_(2) capture,transportation,oil displacement,and storage are analyzed.The results show a huge potential of the large-scale application of CCUS-EOR in China in terms of carbon emission reduction and oil production increase.At present,CCUS-EOR in China is in a critical stage of development,from field pilot tests to industrialization.Aiming at the feature of continental sedimentary oil and gas reservoirs in China,and giving full play to the advantages of the abundant reserves for CO_(2) flooding,huge underground storage space,surface infrastructure,and wide distribution of wellbore injection channels,by cooperating with carbon emission enterprises,critical technological research and demonstration project construction should be accelerated,including the capture of low-concentration CO_(2) at low-cost and on large-scale,supercritical CO_(2) long-distance transportation,greatly enhancing oil recovery and storage rate,and CO_(2) large-scale and safe storage.CCUS-EOR theoretical and technical standard system should be constructed for the whole industrial chain to support and promote the industrial scale application,leading the rapid and profitable development of CCUS-EOR emerging industrial chain with innovation.

Economic Critical Resources for the Industrial Exploitation of Natural Gas Hydrate

Since the implementation of several pilot production tests were in natural gas hydrate(NGH) reservoirs in terrestrial and marine settings, the study of NGH has entered a new stage of technological development for industrial exploitation. Prior to the industrial exploitation of any given NGH reservoir, the economic feasibility should be examined. The first step of economic evaluation of a NGH reservoir is to know whether its resource amount meets the requirement for industrial exploitation. Unfortunately, few relevant studies have been conducted in this regard. In this study, the net present value(NPV) method is employed to estimate the economic critical resources required for the industrial exploitation of NGHs under different production scenarios. Sensitivity analysis is also performed in order to specify the effects of key factors, such as the number of production wells, gas price, technological improvement and tax incentive, on the economic critical resources. The results indicate that China requires the lowest economic critical resource for a NGH reservoir to be industrially exploited, ranging from 3.62 to 24.02 billion m3 methane. Changes in gas price and tax incentives also play significant roles in affecting the threshold and timeline for the industrial exploitation of NGH.

Comparing End-Use Potential for Industrial Food-Waste Sources

Approximately one quarter of the global edible food supply is wasted. The drivers of food waste can occur at any level between production, harvest, distribution, processing, and the consumer. While the drivers vary globally, the industrialized regions of North America, Europe, and Asia share similar situations; in each of these regions the largest loss of food waste occurs with the consumer, at approximately 51% of total waste generated. As a consequence, handling waste falls on municipal solid waste operations. In the United States, food waste constitutes 15% of the solid waste stream by weight, contributes 3.4 -107 t of carbon dioxide （CO2） equivalent emissions, and costs 1.9 billion USD in disposal fees. The levels of carbon, nutrients, and moisture in food waste make bioprocessing into higher value products an attractive method for mitigation. Opportunities include extraction of nutraceuticals and bioactive compounds, or conversion to a variety of volatile acids-including lactic, acetic, and propionic acids-that can be recovered and sold at a profit. The conversion of waste into volatile acids can be paired with bioen- ergy production, including hydrogen or biogas. This present review compares the potential for upgrading industrial food waste to either specialty products or methane. Higher value uses of industrial food waste could alleviate approximately 1.9-108 t of CO2 equivalent emissions. As an example, potato peel could be upgraded to lactic acid via fermentation to recover 5600 million USD per year, or could be converted to methane via anaerobic digestion, resulting in a revenue of 900 million USD per year. The potential value to be recovered is significant, and food-waste valorization will help to close the loop for various food industries.

As Could We Assure Safety in Large-Scale Manufacturing of Nanoparticles for the Biomedical Use

Nanoparticles provide great advantages but also great risks. Risks associating with nanoparticles are the problem of all technologies, but they increase in many times in nanotechnologies. Adequate methods of outgoing production inspection are necessary to solve the problem of risks, and the inspection must be based on the safety standard. Existing safety standard results from a principle of “maximum permissible concentrations or MPC”. This principle is not applicable to nanoparticles, but a safety standard reflecting risks inherent in nanoparticles doesn’t exist. Essence of the risks is illustrated by the example from pharmacology, since its safety assurance is conceptually based on MPC and it has already come against this problem. Possible formula of safety standard for nanoparticles is reflected in many publications, but conventional inspection methods cannot provide its realization, and this gap is an obstacle to assumption of similar formulas. Therefore the development of nanoparticle industry as a whole (also development of the pharmacology in particular) is impossible without the creation of an adequate inspection method. There are suggested new inspection methods founded on the new physical principle and satisfying to the adequate safety standard for nanoparticles. These methods demonstrate that creation of the adequate safety standard and the outgoing production inspection in a large-scale manufacturing of nanoparticles are the solvable problems. However there is a great distance between the physical principle and its hardware realization, and a transition from the principle to the hardware demands great intellectual and material costs. Therefore it is desirable to call attention of the public at large to the necessity of urgent expansions of investigations associated with outgoing inspections in nanoparticles technologies. It is necessary also to attract attention, first, of representatives of state structures controlling approvals of the adequate safety standard to this problem, since it is impossible to compel producers providing the safety without the similar standard, and, second, of leaders of pharmacological industry, since their industry already entered into the nanotechnology era, and they have taken an interest in a forthcoming development of inspection methods.

碳中和背景下我国固废资源化利用产业发展研究

固废资源化利用可以节约大量的资源和能源,具有循环利用、节能减碳的优势,对于推动加快形成绿色低碳生产方式和生活方式、实现“双碳”战略目标、促进美丽中国建设具有重要意义。本文结合典型案例分析,梳理了国内外固废资源化利用产业的发展现状,分析了我国固废资源化利用产业在产业化进程、资金投入、技术创新等方面存在的主要问题。在此基础上,提出了我国固废资源化利用产业的发展建议,推动产业化进程,促进“产业链、创新链、人才链、资金链”融合赋能;加大激励支持力度,夯实金融保障基础;打造科创资源高地,强化项目示范引领;集聚人才优势,搭建高水平合作平台,全面推进固废资源化利用产业的高质量发展。

废弃煤矸石资源化利用研究进展

随着社会的高速发展,工业废物堆积造成的环境问题日渐严重.煤矸石是一种煤炭开采和洗选过程中产生的典型工业废弃物.其大量堆积不仅占用土地资源,而且还会污染环境,引起地下水污染,造成山体滑坡、塌陷等地质灾害,严重威胁人类生存环境.近年来,“以废治废”模式成为了工业废弃物处置的研究热点之一,也是生态修复的重要研究方向.本文综述了煤矸石资源化利用的研究进展,进一步阐述了污泥改性煤矸石在生态修复与土壤改良方面的进展,为后期煤矸石和污泥的高值化利用奠定基础.

中国旅游业复苏研究:理论框架、趋势特征与对策建议

新冠疫情防控转段后,中国经济正在恢复发展,旅游市场在其中发挥了独特的作用。在此背景下,文章对疫情转段后我国旅游业复苏态势作出学理解释,并分别利用官方统计数据与第一手调查数据加以分析。研究显示:旅游业复苏的宏观趋势是国内旅游市场成为复苏主力,重要节假日市场带动整体复苏,入境旅游市场复苏形势优于出境旅游;旅游业复苏的微观特征为个人及家庭旅游消费明显回暖,自然观光游等产品更受青睐,旅游信息获取主要依赖线上平台,旅游交通和目的地信息等公共服务较受关注,游客整体满意度高但购物和旅行社评价偏低;旅游业复苏面临的主要问题为旅游时间高度集中于法定节假日,旅游消费结构不均衡,行业复苏基础不牢固,市场预期需进一步增强。为此,短期内要巩固扩大旅游市场复苏趋势,长期要培育旅游业新质生产力,以人民为中心实现旅游业价值,并针对痛点和堵点优化治理环境。

鸟粪石沉淀法处理高浓度氮磷废水研究进展

随着节能低碳理念的深入发展,鸟粪石沉淀法因其较高的氮磷回收效率和相对低能耗的优势,近年来成为高浓度氮磷废水处理和资源化利用的热点方向之一。系统地对国内外鸟粪石沉淀法处理污水的相关文献进行了梳理,从新兴处理对象及方案、回收反应器构型开发、低成本镁源开发、高效结晶、晶体分离提纯等方面,总结了相关研究成果。此外,结合环境毒理性、处理成本、综合资源化利用等角度对鸟粪石沉淀法的发展前景和趋势进行预判,为相关研究提供参考。

区域产业结构对灾后恢复韧性的影响——以汶川县和北川县为例

灾后恢复是评价地震恢复韧性的重要指标。不同的区域经济产业所提供的就业数量存在差异,将对灾后恢复韧性产生极大影响。该文基于5.12汶川地震中受灾最严重的汶川县和北川县共736户受灾家庭的灾后恢复调查,研究了区域产业结构对恢复韧性的影响。研究表明:北川的家庭生活恢复滞后汶川近2年,主要是由于北川的外地务工家庭比例(49.60%)高于汶川(5.79%),这些受灾家庭恢复重建的主要资金来源是外地务工,但家庭成员长期外出不能参与恢复重建,造成其灾后恢复缓慢。外地务工家庭比例高的原因是北川第一产业占比高达27.20%,汶川仅为8.40%,第一产业所提供的本地就业数量远低于第二产业。因此,农业产业为主地区是灾后恢复最缺乏韧性的地区,需要大力提高防灾减灾能力,也可以通过产业结构调整,提高韧性。

面向产业协同应急恢复的智慧情报服务模式研究——以“韧性治理”为研究视角

[目的/意义]在复杂国际形势背景下,产业危机情境和次生危机事件频发,我国产业正逐渐陷入外部不正当国际竞争导致的发展囹圄之中。产业危机事件发生后的协同应急恢复成为避免产业次生危机、保障产业永续健康发展的重要环节。因此,面向产业危机事件协同应急恢复的智慧情报服务成为研究重点。[方法/过程]文章以“韧性治理”理论为研究视角,首先明确了产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务需求,分析韧性治理理论与产业协同应急恢复智慧情报服务的适切性;其次,基于韧性治理理论,从韧性技术、韧性组织和韧性环境三个维度入手,构建产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务模式;最后,以我国半导体产业为例,阐释该模式的运行流程,分析该模式的价值。[结果/结论]文章系统性地提出产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务需求,构建产业协同应急恢复阶段的智慧情报服务模式,明确其运行流程,利用Vensim进行系统动力学仿真,验证该模式的有效性并进行敏感性分析,剖析该模式的实际价值,为我国产业面对危机事件的处置、恢复及治理提供了智慧情报服务模式的支持,为产业链与创新链融合创造基础。

2023—2024年东盟国家经济分析与预测

2023年,东盟国家经济增长未能延续上年经济强劲复苏的势头,各国经济增速总体低于2022年,也低于各国政府年初的预期目标。从需求结构来看,东盟国家的私人消费和政府消费逐渐上升,固定资本形成有所扩大,但进出口贸易普遍下滑。从供给结构来看,东盟各国三次产业整体保持复苏景象,但部分国家制造业出现萎缩现象。从主要国家经济增长来看,菲律宾经济增速最快,随后为越南、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、泰国和新加坡。不过,在全球经济动荡的背景下,东盟主要国家宏观经济仍保持平稳,多数国家通货膨胀有所缓解,失业率下降,财政预算赤字缩减,国际收支状况有所改善。面对世界经济的滞胀,各国适时调整宏观经济政策,加大基础设施建设力度,推动产业数字化、绿色低碳转型,为东盟各国经济复苏提供新动能。展望2024年,世界经济仍处于复苏缓慢和深度调整中,但通货膨胀趋缓,电子信息产业呈复苏迹象,跨境旅游快速增长,亚洲新兴经济体仍是全球经济的重要增长极,东盟国家将得益于全球贸易的复苏,继续保持经济持续复苏的态势,预计经济增速将快于2023年,但仍面临着一系列严峻的挑战。

化学法再生差别化PET纤维的研究进展

综述了化学法再生差别化聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纤维的研究成果,回顾了PET纤维的发展历史,介绍了废旧PET制品的化学回收方法及再生差别化PET纤维的研究现状,着重阐述了国内废旧PET制品产业回收利用情况相较于国外的优劣势,分析了化学再生回收技术目前主流几种方法的优缺点,总结了再生超细纤维、再生功能性纤维、再生仿真纤维、再生异形纤维等再生差别化纤维的研究现状。最后,对未来化学法再生差别化PET纤维的发展进行了展望。

考虑工业用户安全用电风险的分轮次负荷控制与恢复策略

针对目前工业用户分轮次控制及恢复过程的安全用电缺乏一套全面合理风险评估指标体系的现状,该文构建工业用户安全用电综合风险评估指标体系,并提出一种考虑工业用户安全用电综合风险的分轮次负荷控制与恢复策略。该文首先构建由21个指标组成的工业用户安全用电综合风险评估指标体系;其次,结合博弈赋权和云模型的风险评估方法获取工业用户风险等级,进而提出基于可控制风险阈值动态调整调控量的分轮次负荷控制策略和基于重要负荷受控制总量与负荷设备风险严重程度序列集的分轮次负荷恢复策略;最后,以IEEE-RTS-24系统为实际场景,以钢厂为例验证所提分轮次负荷控制与恢复策略的有效性,所提策略既可保障工业用户以低风险等级参与分轮次控制与恢复过程,也可满足电网安全可靠运行的需求。

新质生产力赋能传统产业转型升级的机制与路径研究

新质生产力是加快现代化产业体系建设和提升产业链供应链韧性的先进生产力,发展新质生产力是推动高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点,也是改造提升传统产业的关键动力。新质生产力赋能传统产业转型升级需要遵循创新融合、系统推进、自主可控和低碳绿色的基本原则,以实现“五大驱动”,即以数字经济和实体经济融合创新为驱动、以政府引领和市场调节相促进为驱动、以区域辐射和产业集群相互衔接为驱动、以人才培育和引领创造相互循环为驱动、以开放创新和生态效益相互协调为驱动的实践路径。这启示我们要坚持党对经济工作的全面领导,坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展,坚持以人民为中心,促进传统产业升级和新兴产业发展,推动构建现代化产业体系。

磷酸铁工业废水处理工艺研究进展

近年来锂离子电池正极材料磷酸铁锂广受关注,带动其前驱体磷酸铁相关研究及生产呈现爆发式增长。然而,主流工艺生产磷酸铁的过程中会产生大量废水,制约了磷酸铁行业绿色、健康发展。目前,已报道的磷酸铁工业废水处理方法有沉淀法、硫酸铵镁结晶法、微生物分解法、膜分离法等,但是沉淀法污泥难处理、难回收,磷酸铵镁法需额外加入药剂以满足沉淀配比,微生物法稳定性及灵活性较差,膜分离法需配合其他处理技术对膜进水预处理并对膜浓水处理回用,因此工业化应用中常将多种技术结合,形成综合处理方法,可对磷酸铁废水达到较好的处理效果。最后,从废水高效预处理及有价元素回收再利用方面入手,对未来磷酸铁行业的废水处理技术进行了展望。

工业余热回收系统优化策略原理

介绍有机朗肯循环发电系统在工业余热回收上的应用,选取某燃煤电厂为例,介绍其回收装置及节能分析,并在此基础上进行余热回收的优化策略分析。首先通过引入湿硫酸工艺,将烟气中的二氧化硫催化氧化为三氧化硫并在特殊换热器中冷凝并回收为硫酸副产品,以此打破烟气低品位余热深度利用的酸露点限制。然后通过有机朗肯循环和吸收式制冷集成的余热回收系统对烟气余热进行深度利用。通过数值模拟的方法对余热回收系统进行研究,通过模型验证确保数值模拟的可信度和准确性。