Precision photonic integration for future large-scale photonic integrated circuits

Since the proposal of the concept of photonic integratedcircuits (PICs), tremendous progress has been made. In2005, Infinera Corp. rolled out the first commercial PICs, inwhich hundreds of optical functions were integrated onto asmall form factor chip for wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) systems[1], then a monolithically integrated 10 ×10 Gb/s WDM chip has been demonstrated, the channelnumber is ten[2]. Like ICs, large-scale PICs (LS-PICs) will besure to be pursued. However, there are still some generalchallenges associated with LS-PICs. The challenges for III–V(mainly InP) PICs is the semiconductor process, which is notmature for LS-PICs. Up to now, the channel number in commercialIII–V WDM PICs by Infinera is still about ten or less.For silicon photonics, the challenge is the silicon based lightsource. The low cost and mature solution for silicon lasers isstill unavailable and only 4 × 25 Gb/s PICs are deployed byIntel Corp. after 18-year R&D investment. Thus it is still unavailablefor practical LS-PICs in the present times.

Design and Implementation of an Optoelectronic Integrated Receiver in Standard CMOS Process

A wideband monolithic optoelectronic integrated receiver with a high-speed photo-detector,completely compatible with standard CMOS processes,is designed and implemented in 0.6μm standard CMOS technology.The experimental results demonstrate that its performance approaches applicable requirements,where the photo-detector achieves a -3dB frequency of 1.11GHz,and the receiver achieves a 3dB bandwidth of 733MHz and a sensitivity of -9dBm for λ=850nm at BER=10-12.

Enhancement of electroluminescent properties of organic optoelectronic integrated device by doping phosphorescent dye

Organic optoelectronic integrated devices（OIDs） with ultraviolet（UV） photodetectivity and different color emitting were constructed by using a thermally activated delayed fluorescence（TADF） material 4, 5-bis（carbazol-9-yl）-1, 2-dicyanobenzene（2 CzPN） as host. The OIDs doping with typical red phosphorescent dye [tris（1-phenylisoquinoline）iridium（Ⅲ）, Ir（piq）3], orange phosphorescent dye {bis[2-（4-tertbutylphenyl）benzothiazolato-N,C-（2＇）]iridium（acetylacetonate）,（tbt）2 Ir（acac）}, and blue phosphorescent dye [bis（2, 4-di-fluorophenylpyridinato）-tetrakis（1-pyrazolyl）borate iridium（Ⅲ）, FIr6] were investigated and compared. The（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped orange device showed better performance than those of red and blue devices, which was ascribed to more effective energy transfer. Meanwhile, at a low dopant concentration of 3 wt.%, the（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped OIDs showed the maximum luminance, current efficiency, power efficiency of 70786 cd/m^2, 39.55 cd/A, and 23.92 lm/W, respectively, and a decent detectivity of 1.07 × 10^11 Jones at a bias of -2 V under the UV-350 nm illumination. This work may arouse widespread interest in constructing high efficiency and luminance OIDs based on doping phosphorescent dye.

A 1.25Gb/s InP-Based Vertical Monolithic Integration of an MQW Laser Diode and an HBT Driver witha Lateral Buffer Mes a Structure

A novel fabrication process related to a smoothly wet chemical etching profile o f InP-based epitaxial layers in the crystal direction of [01for an InP-based monol ithic vertically integrated transmitter with an MQW laser diode and a heterojunction bipolar tran sistors driver circuit is described.A clear eye output diagram via an O/E converter is demonstrat ed und er a 1.25Gb/s non-return-zero pseudorandom code with a pattern length of 2 the integrated transmitter has a power dissipation of about 120mW with an optical output of 2dBm.

Videometric research on deformation measurement of large-scale wind turbine blades

Utilization of wind energy is a promising way to generate power,and wind turbine blades play a key role in collecting the wind energy effectively.This paper attempts to measure the deformation parameter of wind turbine blades in mechanics experiments using a videometric method. In view that the blades experience small buckling deformation and large integral deformation simultaneously, we proposed a parallel network measurement(PNM) method including the key techniques such as camera network construction,camera calibration,distortion correction,the semi-automatic high-precision extraction of targets,coordinate systems unification,and bundle adjustment,etc. The relatively convenient construction method of the measuring system can provide an abundant measuring content,a wide measuring range and post processing.The experimental results show that the accuracy of the integral deformation measurement is higher than 0.5 mm and that of the buckling deformation measurement higher than 0.1mm.

Two-dimensional optoelectronic devices for silicon photonic integration

With the unprecedented increasing demand for extremely fast processing speed and huge data capacity,traditional silicon-based information technology is becoming saturated due to the encountered bottle-necks of Moore's Law.New material systems and new device architectures are considered promising strategies for this challenge.Two-dimensional(2D)materials are layered materials and garnered persistent attention in recent years owing to their advantages in ultrathin body,strong light-matter interaction,flexible integration,and ultrabroad operation wavelength range.To this end,the integra-tion of 2D materials into silicon-based platforms opens a new path for silicon photonic integration.In this work,a comprehensive review is given of the recent signs of progress related to 2D material inte-grated optoelectronic devices and their potential applications in silicon photonics.Firstly,the basic op-tical properties of 2D materials and heterostructures are summarized in the first part.Then,the state-of-the-art three typical 2D optoelectronic devices for silicon photonic applications are reviewed in detail.Finally,the perspective and challenges for the aim of 3D monolithic heterogeneous integration of these 2D optoelectronic devices are discussed.

Recommendations for Large-scale Farmland Operation in Hilly Areas Based on Long Tail Theory

At the background of urban and rural integration,this paper analyzed and discussed factors restricting large-scale farmland operation in China's hilly areas from the qualitative perspective. It recognized large-scale farmland operation on the basis of the long tail theory. Finally,it came up with recommendations for developing large-scale farmland operation in hilly areas.

Progress of Si-based Optoelectronic Devices

Si-based optoelectronics is becoming a very active research area due to its potential applications to optical communications.One of the major goals of this study is to realize all-Si optoelectronic integrated circuit.This is due to the fact that Si-based optoelectronic technology can be compatible with Si microelectronic technology.If Si-based optoelectronic devices and integrated circuits can be achieved,it will lead to a new informational technological revolution.In the article,the current developments of this exciting field are mainly reviewed in the recent years.The involved contents are the realization of various Si-based optoelectronic devices,such as light-emitting diodes,optical waveguides devices,Si photonic bandgap crystals,and Si laser,etc.Finally,the developed tendency of all-Si optoelectronic integrated technology are predicted in the near future.

Recent progress of photodetector based on carbon nanotube film and application in optoelectronic integration

Due to its remarkable electrical and optical capabilities,optoelectronic devices based on the semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube(s-SWCNT)have been studied extensively in the last two decades.First,s-SWCNT is a direct bandgap semiconductor with a high infrared absorption coefficient and high electron/hole mobility.In addition,as a typical one-dimensional material,there is no lattice mismatch between s-SWCNT and any substrates.Another advantage is that the optoelectronic devices of s-SWCNT can be processed at low temperatures.s-SWCNT has intriguing potential and applications in solar cells,light-emitting diodes(LEDs),photodetectors,and three-dimensional(3D)optoelectronic integration.In recent years,along with the advancement of solution purification technology,the high-purity s-SWCNTs film has laid the foundation for constructing large-area,homogenous,and high-performance optoelectronic devices.In this review,optoelectronic devices based on s-SWCNTs film and related topics are reviewed,including the preparation of high purity s-SWCNTs film,the progress of photodetectors based on the s-SWCNTs film,and challenges of s-SWCNTs film photodetectors.

Butt-Joint Monolithically Integrated DFB-LD/EA-MD Light Source for 10Gbit/s Transmission

This paper reports on the design,fabrication,and performance of an integrated electro-absorptive modulated laser based on butt-joint configuration for 10Gbit/s application.This paper mainly aims at two aspects.One is to improve the optical coupling between the laser and modulator;another is to increase the bandwidth of such devices by reducing the capacitance parameter of the modulator.The integrated devices exhibit high static and dynamic characteristics. Typical threshold current is 15mA,with some value as low as 8mA.Output power at 100mA is more than 10mW.The extinction characteristics,modulation bandwidth,and electrical return loss are measured.3dB bandwidth more than 10GHz is monitored.

Monolithically Integrated Laser Diode and Electroabsorption Modulator with Dual-Waveguide Spot-Size Converter Output

A 1.60μm laser diode and electroabsorption modulator monolithically integrated with a novel dual-waveguide spot-size converter output for low-loss coupling to a cleaved single-mode optical fiber are demonstrated.The devices emit in a single transverse and quasi single longitudinal mode with an SMSR of 25.6dB.These devices exhibit a 3dB modulation bandwidth of 15.0GHz,and modulator DC extinction ratios of 16.2dB.The output beam divergence angles of the spot-size converter in the horizontal and vertical directions are as small as 7.3°×18.0°,respectively,resulting in a 3.0dB coupling loss with a cleaved single-mode optical fiber.

1.55μm Laser Diode Monolithically Integrated with Spot-Size Converter Using Conventional Process

A novel 1 55μm laser diode with spot size converter is designed and fabricated using conventional photolithography and chemical wet etching process.For the laser diode,a ridge double core structure is employed.For the spot size converter,a buried ridge double core structure is incorporated.The laterally tapered active core is designed and optically combined with the thin and wide passive core to control the size of mode.The laser diode threshold current is measured to be 40mA together with high slop efficiency of 0 35W/A.The beam divergence angles in the horizontal and vertical directions are as small as 14 89°×18 18°,respectively,resulting in low coupling losses with a cleaved optical fiber (3dB loss).

基于教研思融合的纳米光电材料新工科课程创新探索

以服务国家重大战略需求为导向,近年北京工业大学开设纳米光电材料本科专业课程,为培养国家战略急需的纳米科技和半导体相关领域的高素质专业人才提供必要的知识储备。该文基于作者2021—2023年承担纳米光电材料课程积累的一些教学实践经验,通过教学、科研与思政三者相互渗透与融合的新型教学模式,围绕课程目标定位、课程内容设置和教学方法探讨进行阐述,旨在为新工科课程教学创新模式建设及复合型高素质新工科高级人才培养提供一定借鉴。

小型化高隔离度平衡光电探测器阵列研究

针对传统微波光子应用平衡光电探测器体积大、集成度低的问题,设计了一种基于光电混合集成封装技术的小型化、高隔离度平衡光电探测器阵列,通过集成多个平衡光电二极管芯片及其偏置与匹配电路,实现了4个独立通道的平衡光电探测功能,每个通道平均体积仅为588 mm3。此外,搭建了测试系统,对平衡光电探测器阵列的性能进行测试。测试结果表明:该平衡光电探测器阵列各个通道的响应度大于0.9 A/W,3 dB带宽约为12 GHz,带宽范围内的通道一致性优于±0.43 dB,共模抑制比大于30 dB,通道隔离度在50 dBc以上,在10 GHz处的饱和输入光功率大于8.4 dBm。

光学力学与光电传感技术的融合与创新

光学力学和光电传感技术在科学与工程领域有着紧密的联系,并在各自的材料、传感器、成像和测量领域发挥着重要作用。光学力学对光与物质相互作用而产生的力学效应有着深入研究,而光电传感技术则围绕光信号转化为电信号后进行测量和控制的过程来进行探讨。但传统独立的领域研究有着很多局限性,这也为光学力学和光电传感技术各自的发展带来了阻碍。研究目的在于深入探究光学力学与光电传感技术的融合与创新,并通过二者在各自领域的优势进行互补,从而推动科学技术的进步。

赛创融合模式下的光电类专业改革与探索——以厦门理工学院为例

在万众创新的浪潮下,光电领域的产业发展、结构调整、产业融合是高等学校“光电类”学生肩负的重任,高校作为光电专业和相关技能型、应用型人才培养的基地,将为光电专业的人才培养提供支撑。大学生课外竞赛为打造光电类创新型人才提供了一体化的平台,通过赛创融合可以进一步加强专业实践教学体系的构建,全面提高光电类学生的创新创业技能。

Integrated model optocouplers

Utilizing hybrid integration model.the integrated model optocouplers have successfully developed.The design,fabrication and characteristic parameters of the devices are presented.

Probabilistic load flow method considering large-scale wind power integration

The increasing penetration of wind power brings great uncertainties into power systems,which poses challenges to system planning and operation.This paper proposes a novel probabilistic load flow(PLF)method based on clustering technique to handle large fluctuations from large-scale wind power integration.The traditional cumulant method(CM)for PLF is based on the linearization of load flow equations around the operation point,therefore resulting in significant errors when input random variables have large fluctuations.In the proposed method,the samples of wind power and loads are first generated by the inverse Nataf transformation and then clustered using an improved K-means algorithm to obtain input variable samples with small variances in each cluster.With such pre-processing,the cumulant method can be applied within each cluster to calculate cumulants of output random variables with improved accuracy.The results obtained in each cluster are combined according to the law of total probability to calculate the final cumulants of output random variables for the whole samples.The proposed method is validated on modified IEEE 9-bus and 118-bus test achieve a better performance with the consideration of both traditional CM,2 m+1 point estimate method(PEM),Monte Carlo simulation(MCS)and Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)based MCS,the proposed method can achieve a better performance with the consideration of bothcomputational efficiency and accuracy.

Successful Large-scale Renewables Integration in Portugal:Technology and Intelligent Tools

Portugal is seen worldwide as a case of success in the large-scale integration of renewables in its power system,especially for wind power.Consistent policies and sound management decisions are fundamental,but a sustainable process is not possible without the development of endogenous knowledge.This paper summarizes a set of models,both applied by the industry and representing actual technologic advancement,denoting the context of research and innovation in the country that helps to explain such success.Novelties arise in reliability assessment for systems with renewables,active and reactive power control,integration of wind farms,storage,electric vehicle integration,wind and solar power forecasting and distribution operation and state estimation taking advantage of smart grid structures.In all cases,one relevant trait is evident:the pervasive use of computational intelligence tools.

Artificial intelligence powered large-scale renewable integrations in multi-energy systems for carbon neutrality transition: Challenges and future perspectives

The vigorous expansion of renewable energy as a substitute for fossil energy is the predominant route of action to achieve worldwide carbon neutrality. However, clean energy supplies in multi-energy building districts are still at the preliminary stages for energy paradigm transitions. In particular, technologies and methodologies for large-scale renewable energy integrations are still not sufficiently sophisticated, in terms of intelligent control management. Artificial intelligent (AI) techniques powered renewable energy systems can learn from bioinspired lessons and provide power systems with intelligence. However, there are few in-depth dissections and deliberations on the roles of AI techniques for large-scale integrations of renewable energy and decarbonisation in multi-energy systems. This study summarizes the commonly used AI-related approaches and discusses their functional advantages when being applied in various renewable energy sectors, as well as their functional contribution to optimizing the operational control modalities of renewable energy and improving the overall operational effectiveness. This study also presents practical applications of various AI techniques in large-scale renewable energy integration systems, and analyzes their effectiveness through theoretical explanations and diverse case studies. In addition, this study introduces limitations and challenges associated with the large-scale renewable energy integrations for carbon neutrality transition using relevant AI techniques, and proposes further promising research perspectives and recommendations. This comprehensive review ignites advanced AI techniques for large-scale renewable integrations and provides valuable informational instructions and guidelines to different stakeholders (e.g., engineers, designers and scientists) for carbon neutrality transition.