New roles of research data infrastructure in research paradigm evolution

Research data infrastructures form the cornerstone in both cyber and physical spaces,driving the progression of the data-intensive scientific research paradigm.This opinion paper presents an overview of global research data infrastructure,drawing insights from national roadmaps and strategic documents related to research data infrastructure.It emphasizes the pivotal role of research data infrastructures by delineating four new missions aimed at positioning them at the core of the current scientific research and communication ecosystem.The four new missions of research data infrastructures are:(1)as a pioneer,to transcend the disciplinary border and address complex,cutting-edge scientific and social challenges with problem-and data-oriented insights;(2)as an architect,to establish a digital,intelligent,flexible research and knowledge services environment;(3)as a platform,to foster the high-end academic communication;(4)as a coordinator,to balance scientific openness with ethics needs.

Future Performance Prediction of Research Infrastructure Based on Past Performance

Research infrastructure is crucial for development of research,and thus the evaluation of its performance is important.However,existing researches mostly focus on its past observations,lacking of a prediction for future. In this paper, procedures are proposed to predict the distribution for the number of papers published in a certain future year. The publication reliability,which is defined as the probability that the number of published papers in the future year is bigger than a pre-specified number,is evaluated. Illustrative examples are proposed to show the applications of the model.

Performability of Research Infrastructure Comsidering Costs and Values for Different Outputs

The research infrastructure is very crucial for the development of some fundamental research. However,it is costly to buy,install and operate the infrastructure. This paper analyzes the costs and benefits of research infrastructure using a concept termed as investment reliability. Both the costs and the outputs are represented by a cash flow diagram,and the investment reliability is modeled. Different types of outputs are taken into concern in the model formulation. Illustrative examples are proposed to show how to apply the model.

Research Progress and Review of Green Infrastructure:Visual Analysis of CiteSpace Based on WOS Database

In recent years,global ecological and environmental problems have gradually become prominent,and green infrastructure(GI),as one of the effective measures to deal with environmental problems,has gradually attracted attention from various fields.In this paper,green infrastructure is taken as the research object,and a total of 1950 related documents in the core database of"web of science"from 1995 to 2021 are taken as the basic data source.By using CiteSpace visualization software,the network of scholars,the distribution characteristics of journals,highly cited articles,prominent keywords,research hotspots and future research trends of related documents are analyzed.The analysis results show that the research on green infrastructure at home and abroad continues to increase;the research on green infrastructure mainly focuses on urban planning,ecosystem services,ecological environment and other issues;the research field of green infrastructure has gradually changed from traditional research fields such as urban planning,architectural engineering and ecology to land use management,urban healthy development,urban sustainable development,physical heat radiation and other fields;at present,research on green infrastructure mainly involves urban planning,ecology and other fields;the future research on green infrastructure will involve the field of physical heat radiation.The purpose is to provide valuable scientific basis and theoretical basis for the future green infrastructure construction in China.

Opening and Sharing of Large-scale Instruments and Equipment in Agricultural Research Institutes:A Case Study of Environment and Plant Protection Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

The article introduces the main practices and achievements of the Environment and Plant Protection Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in promoting the sharing of large-scale instruments and equipment in recent years,analyzes the existing problems in the management system,management team,assessment incentives and maintenance guarantee,and proposes improvement measures and suggestions from aspects of improving the sharing management system,strengthening management team building,strengthening sharing assessment and incentives,improving maintenance capabilities and expanding external publicity,to further improve the sharing management of large-scale instruments and equipment.

Fundamental Research on Enhancing Operation Reliability for Large-Scale Interconnected Power Grids——An interview with Zhou Xiaoxin, chief scientist of "973 Program"

At the end of last year, the editors from Power and Electrical Engineers interviewed Zhou Xiaoxin on "Fundamental Research on Enhancing Operation Reliability for Large-Scale Interconnected Power Grids", a project of "973 Program". Mr. Zhou, the chief engineer of China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI) and an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, is the chief scientist in charge of this research project.

The European Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage Laboratory Infrastructure(ECCSEL)

The transition to a non-emitting energy mix for power generation will take decades. This transition will need to be sustainable, e.g.economically affordable. Fossil fuels which are abundant have an important role to play in this respect, provided that Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS) is progressively implemented. CCS is the only way to reduce emissions from energy intensive industries.Thus, the need for upgraded and new CCS research facilities is widely recognised among stakeholders across Europe, as emphasised by the Zero Emissions Platform(ZEP) [1] and the European Energy Research Alliance on CCS(EERA-CCS) [2].The European Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage Laboratory Infrastructure, ECCSEL, provides funders, operators and researchers with significant benefits by offering access to world-class research facilities that, in many cases, are unlikely for a single nation to support in isolation.This implies creation of synergy and the avoidance of duplication as well as streamlining of funding for research facilities.ECCSEL offers open access to its advanced laboratories for talented scientists and visiting researchers to conduct cutting-edge research.In the planning of ECCSEL, gap analyses were performed and CCS technologies have been reviewed to underpin and envisage the future experimental setup; 1) Making use of readily available facilities, 2) Modifying existing facilities, and 3) Planning and building entirely new advanced facilities.The investments required for the first ten years(2015-2025) are expected to be in the range of €80-120 miilion. These investments show the current level of ambition, as proposed during the preparatory phase(2011-2014).Entering the implementation phase in 2015, 9 European countries signed Letter of Intent(LoI) to join a ECCSEL legal entity: France, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Italy, Spain, Poland, Greece, Norway and Switzerland(active observer). As the EU ERIC-regulation [3] would offer the most suitable legal framework for ECCSEL, the host country, Norway, will apply for establishing ERIC as the ECCSEL Research Infrastructure(RI)legal entity in 2017. Until the ECCSEL ERIC is approved by the European Commission(probably by summer 2017), an interim MoU agreement for the implementation phase of ECCSEL RI has been signed by 13 research institutions and universities representing the 9 countries. A consortium of these partners were granted 3 million EURO from Horizon 2020 to boost implementation of ECCSEL from September 2015 and two years onwards.?2016, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

信息资源管理领域数字人文研究特征、研究体系及构建路径

[目的/意义]文章旨在厘清信息资源管理领域数字人文研究现状、研究特征,构建信息资源管理领域数字人文研究体系及发展路径,提高信息资源管理学科在数字人文领域的学术话语权,实现数字人文研究的高质量发展。[方法/过程]以CSSCI数据库中收录的357篇信息资源管理领域期刊论文为研究对象,借鉴扎根理论质性研究范式对文献数据进行整理加工和编码分析,最终得出信息资源管理领域数字人文研究现状、研究特征并尝试分析信息资源管理领域数字人文研究体系构建路径。[结果/结论]研究结果显示,信息资源管理领域数字人文在研究内容、研究技术和数据分析三个方面形成典型的学科特征与研究特色。以数字人文研究特征为基础,结合守正创新的学科发展理念,详细论述了信息资源管理领域数字人文研究体系构建路径,具体包括学科深度融合研究、数据基础设施研究以及数字人文技术研究三个方面。

Thirty years(1984–2014) of groundwater science teaching and research in China: A dissertation-based bibliometric survey

In order to track the footprint of groundwater science teaching and research in China during the past years, a bibliometric analysis was conducted based on the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), which covered the time span from 1984 to present and included more than 2.6 million master and doctoral dissertations from hundreds of institutions of China's Mainland. The bibliometric analysis summarized output, geographical, and institutional patterns, as well as research directions and hotspots in groundwater studies in China in the period of 1984-2014. A total of 1 396 groundwater-related dissertations including 1 161 master dissertations and 235 doctoral dissertations, contributed by 128 institutions distributed in 53 cities nationwide, were searched out in the database. It can be seen obviously that, the groundwater science teaching and research in China has experienced a notable growth in the past three decades especially during 2000-2014. Groundwater modeling, resource, and exploitation were the top three major subject categories; China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Jilin University and Chang’an University were the top three productive institutions together accounting for more than one third of the total dissertations and 50% of the doctoral dissertations, which further prompted the cities(Beijing, Changchun, and Xi’an) to become the top three productive cities. The dissertations generally covered all the international research topics, which indicated that hydrogeologists in China have tracked the international frontier closely during the past decades. The keywords analysis revealed that,(1) numerical modeling was still the hottest topic and PHREEQC, MODFLOW, GMS, and FEFLOW were the four most used softwares;(2) the topics related with groundwater pollution and quality developed steadily and rapidly;(3) environmental isotopes and GIS were frequently used tools for hydrogeological condition analysis, and spatial data processing respectively; and(4) the unsaturated zone as an integral part of aquifers attracted more and more attentions from hydrogeologists focus on saturated zone.

加拿大数字科研基础设施生态系统分析与启示

数字科研基础设施是科学研究的虚拟支柱和创新的重要驱动力。论文选取加拿大数字科研基础设施生态系统作为案例,通过网络调研和邮件咨询,在调查和分析加拿大数字科研基础设施生态系统发展演化历程及其重要构成组件的基础上,揭示其运行机制和主要特征。据此为我国构建数字科研基础设施生态系统提出相关建议。

大科学装置的建设运行、效应影响及经验启示:综述与评估

大科学装置具备重大科学意义、国家意义和社会意义,学界对大科学装置的关注与日俱增。基于科学引文索引数据库(WOS)和中国知网数据库(CNKI),对从社会科学角度研究重大科技基础设施的国内外文献进行搜集、筛选和编码,并展开系统分析和内容分析,对国内外重大科技基础设施研究进行系统全面梳理,把握整体研究脉络的同时,挖掘其研究特点。已有研究达成若干共识:大科学装置通过适应环境变化实现长期生存,对大科学装置的评估需要采用多维度、多手段的框架体系,大科学装置具有显著的科学效应和经济社会影响,但资源开放共享仍有不足。进一步对研究特征、演进逻辑和理论联系进行探讨发现,政府、高校与企业等主体间关系,对我国重大科技基础设施效率水平评估以及如何选择重大科技基础设施建设模式与运营模式从而提升效率具有重要作用,是未来研究的重中之重。其中,政府角色及边界是大科学装置研究中最核心的问题,管理模式与治理结构、产出评价和资源共享乃至各种影响效应在很大程度上均由其决定。

绿色基础设施对呼吸健康的影响研究进展

绿色基础设施对支持和保障居民呼吸健康具有重要意义。科学认知绿色基础设施与呼吸健康的关联性及其影响路径,可有效推进绿地健康效益理论研究与健康人居环境建设实践。以Web of Science数据库与中国知网(CNKI)为数据来源,对与呼吸健康相关的绿色基础设施研究进行综述。结果表明,绿色基础设施的多维特征均与呼吸健康存在显著关联,但现有研究结论存在差异性;绿色基础设施影响呼吸健康的多条路径耦合交织,其中空气质量和体力活动是重要的中介变量。目前研究存在侧重单维绿地指标、聚焦孤立绿地空间、局限单一影响路径和偏重理论层面描述的局限性,未来研究需在完善多维绿色暴露测度体系的基础上,进一步关注“环境风险暴露—体力活动促进”耦合作用下的绿色基础设施构建模式及其健康影响机制。

基于CNKI和VOSviewer的国内研学旅行领域学术研究脉络探析

考虑国内研学旅行领域研究论文使用关键词特点,以中国知网(CNKI)为数据源,选择“篇名”作为检索目标文献,设定“研学”“游学”“修学”检索词,截止到2023年4月18日检索得到3776篇研究论文。采用VOSviewer专业文献计量分析软件,对于检索到的科研论文使用“关键词”进行总体梳理基础上,重点进行了分阶段、分研究群体研究论文使用“关键词”梳理。总体来看,国内研学旅行研究包括研学旅行课程设计、研学旅游及修学旅游、研学基地规划建设、研学旅行发展策略与政策、国外及中国历史游学、红色研学、研学导师及专门人才培养七个主题。不同的研究阶段、不同的研究群体,对应的研究主题存在明显差异。

基于取象比类思维方法的国家质量基础设施要素融合理论模型构建

既有国家质量基础设施理论模型存在要素融合框架封闭、路径模式单一的缺点,模型的系统性、开放性、灵活性不足。本文运用取象比类的思维方法,构建了国家质量基础设施要素协同融合PALM模型,创新阐述了国家质量基础设施要素融合的组成、结构和模式,为质量基础设施要素协同服务路径提供了新的理论框架支撑。

国内外农村基础设施建设研究进展——基于CiteSpace的文献计量可视化分析

为系统梳理国内外农村基础设施建设的研究进展与热点前沿,以2000—2022年中国知网(CNKI)与Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的4609篇文献为数据样本,运用可视化分析软件CiteSpace和文献计量研究法,对国内外农村基础设建设的研究现状、关键词聚类与突现关键词进行分析。结果表明,国内外发文整体呈增长趋势,国外研究热度整体高于国内;国内研究更关注经济、财政等学科领域,国外研究涉及环境、科学、生态等学科领域;国内外学者之间的合作均较少,相较于国外研究机构,国内机构彼此之间项目交流与研究合作更少;国外研究关键词主要聚焦于绿色基础设施、农村卫生、农村电气化以及可持续生计等方面,国内研究关键词主要包括乡村振兴、农田水利、农村经济等;现阶段,国外研究主要集中在可再生能源与可持续发展,国内重点关注乡村振兴与农村电商等内容。最后,探讨了中国农村基础设施建设领域未来的研究展望,在后续研究中可以关注可持续性农村基础设施建设、绿色基础设施建设以及农村信息基础设施建设等领域。

关于高职院校破除“唯论文”痼疾提升科研水平的建议

学术论文对于学术评估、教师和学生个人评定至关重要,但是有些高职院校科研部门对论文质量管理不够规范,导致论文中介屡禁不止,高职院校发表的低质论文较多。根据高职院校科研管理实际工作经验,对论文作者、出版机构、高职院校科研管理部门、职称评审和课题管理部门等提出改进建议。通过对中文学术期刊数据库中国知网、维普和万方的比较分析,提出高职院校和相关课题管理部门可以利用知网收录作为评价论文的最低门槛,对论文给予更合理的评价,同时规范论文版面费报账手续和额度,限制低水平论文的发表,从根本上提高论文质量,促进优秀科研成果产出。

Research e-infrastructures for open science: The national example of CSTCloud in China

This paper focuses on research e-infrastructures in the open science era.We analyze some of the challenges and opportunities of cloud-based science and introduce an example of a national solution in the China Science and Technology Cloud(CSTCloud).We selected three CSTCloud use cases in deploying open science modules,including scalable engineering in astronomical data management,integrated Earth-science resources for SDG-13 decision making,and the coupling of citizen science and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques in biodiversity.We conclude with a forecast on the future development of research e-infrastructures and introduce the idea of the Global Open Science Cloud(GOSC).We hope this analysis can provide some insights into the future development of research e-infrastructures in support of open science.

如何加快构建重大科技基础设施对企业技术创新的促进机制?——基于分阶段多案例研究

重大科技基础设施在科技强国建设和国家创新体系中具有重要作用。然而,针对重大科技基础设施如何发挥促进技术创新作用,理论研究和实践中评价管理导向均不足。本文设计了分阶段的重大科技基础设施技术创新促进机制的分析框架,基于四个重大科技基础设施典型案例,探讨了重大科技基础设施引发的创新市场效应、创新网络效应、研发条件效应、技术转化效应等,并针对技术转化的四种类型进行了重点分析。在此基础上提出了政策建议,以推动重大科技基础设施更好地服务于企业技术创新、关键核心技术攻关和未来产业发展。

数字基础设施建设对数字服务出口复杂度的影响机制研究——基于RCEP地区

本文基于2005—2022年RCEP成员国的面板数据,采用双固定效应模型,以数字基础设施建设为抓手,研究其对数字服务出口复杂度的作用机制。结果表明,数字服务出口复杂度的提升受到数字基础设施的显著影响。这一影响主要表现在三个方面:一是优化劳动效率;二是促进产业结构服务化转型;三是有效扩大数字服务出口的规模。本文通过异质性分析发现,这一影响在高收入水平国家以及金融服务、使用知识产权费用的服务等数字密集型行业更显著。因此,我国要大力推进数字基础设施建设,重视服务业与数字技术和制造业的深度融合,营造良好的数字服务贸易发展环境,以期推动服务贸易高质量发展。

The heterogeneous impact of China-Europe railway express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities

Purpose-The spatiotemporal compression effect of China-Europe Railway Express(CR-Express)can reduce the filow costs of resources between China's node cities.Additionally,it can break through the limitations of low-added-value marine products,significantly impacting the logistics industry efficiency.However,there are few literature verifying and analyzing its heterogeneity.This study explores the impact of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities and analyzes the heterogeneity.Design/methodology/approach-First,this study uses panel data to measure the efficiency of node city logistics industry.Secondiy,this study discusses the impact of the opening of CR-Express on the efficiency of logistics industry in node cities based on the multi-period differential model.Finally,according to the node city difference,the sample city experimental group is grouped for heterogeneity analysis.Findings-The results show that CR-Express can promote the urban logistics industry efficiency,with an average effect of 4.55%.According to the urban characteristics classification,the heterogeneity analysis shows that the efficiency improvement effect of logistics industry in inland cities is more obvious.The improvement effect of node cities and central cities in central and western China is stronger,especially in the sample of megacities and type I big cities.Compared with non-value chain industrial products,the CR-Express has significant promotion effects on the logistics efficiency of the cities where main goods are value chain products.Originality/value-Under the background of double cycle development,this paper can provide a scientific basis for the investment benefit evaluation of CR-Express construction and the follow-up route planning.