[Objective] The behavior of eating, drinking, defecating and peeing of 1 500 pigs in a large-scale microbial fermentation bed-equipped piggery was observed. We hoped to find some simple indicators that could reflect t...[Objective] The behavior of eating, drinking, defecating and peeing of 1 500 pigs in a large-scale microbial fermentation bed-equipped piggery was observed. We hoped to find some simple indicators that could reflect the health status of swinery and to provide experience for the swinery performance management in large-scale microbial fermentation bed-equipped piggery. [Method] The body weight (BW), daily BW gain, feed intake and other indicators of different-day-old pigs were recorded in details. Based on the recorded data, the models between BW, BW gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain ratio and growth days (d) were established. In addition, the incidences of pox-like macula (dermatitis), diarrhea (gastrointestinal disease), cough (respiratory disease), stiff pig (malnutrition), conjunctivitis (eye disease) and foot inflection (trauma) among fattening pigs were also investigated. [Result] The BW range, average BW, daily BW gain, breeding days, daily feed intake range, average daily feed intake, staged feed intake, accumulated feed intake, feed/gain ratio and accumulated feed/gain ratio of different-day-old pigs were studied, respectively. Four dynamic models were established for the growth of pigs: (1) the BW (y)-age (x) mod- el: y=0.758 9x-19.883 (3=0.993 7); (2) the BW gain (y)-age (x) model: y=1.039 5x05051 (F=0.885 4); (3) the average daily feed intake (y)-age (x) model: y=0.023 5x-0.334 3 (F=0.991 7); (4) the feed/gain ratio (y)-age (x) model: y=0.022x+0.427 8 (P=0.988 5). Based on these models, the corresponding theoretical growth value of pigs at different growth stage could be predicted. The main diseases occurred among the swinery in the large-scale microbial fermentation bed piggery included pox-like macula (dermatitis), diarrhea (gastrointestinal disease), cough (respiratory disease), stiff pig (mal- nutrition), conjunctivitis (eye disease) and foot inflection (trauma). The deadly infec- tious diseases had been not found among the pigs. [Conclusion] When the actual BW, BW gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain ratio were all lower than the theoretical values predicted by the models, the management should be enhanced. The average daily feed intake of 60 to 65-day-old pigs was lower than the theoretic value, indicating that the pigs could not adapt nicely to the fermentation bed at the very early stage. When the pigs grew up to 70 to 75 d old, the average daily feed intake was higher than the theoretical value, indicating that the pigs had adapted to the fermentation bed. In particularly, average daily feed intake of 75-day-old pigs was higher than the theoretical value by 21%. It was suggested the fermentation bed was conducive to the growth of pigs. Considering the occurrence of diseases among pigs, the overall incidence was relatively low. The incidence of each disease was all lower than 10% with little difficulty in treating. If the management of mattress was strength- ened, such as paying attention to feeding and keeping water clean, many diseases could heal by themselves.展开更多
In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco, the pH of distiller s grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid, and the effects of various distiller s grain substra...In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco, the pH of distiller s grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid, and the effects of various distiller s grain substrates on the growth of tobacco seedlings were studied to find out the method of cultivating high-quality tobacco seedlings by using distiller s grain substrate. The results showed that when 60% of humic acid was added to the distiller s grain substrate made from coarse distiller s grains, fine distiller s grains, perlite and vermiculite, both the pH and electrical conductivity decreased significantly and were similar to that of the conventional substrate. Moreover, the emergence rate of tobacco seedlings, the rate of strong tobacco seedlings, leaf number, stem height, root growth and quality of tobacco seedlings were good.展开更多
Based on the principle of asexual reproduction,a kind of scale breeding and reproduction technique of Ficus tikoua Bur.container seedlings was explored by using the characteristics of strong adaptability to the enviro...Based on the principle of asexual reproduction,a kind of scale breeding and reproduction technique of Ficus tikoua Bur.container seedlings was explored by using the characteristics of strong adaptability to the environment and fast growth and reproduction.Using non-woven bag as a breeding container for seedlings,the scale breeding and reproduction technique of F.tikoua container seedlings was summarized through the important links of seedling bed construction,seedling collection,soil configuration,container selection,cutting cultivation,field management,and disease and pest control.This technique can achieve differential,massive and sustainable efficient breeding and reproduction of F.tikoua seedlings in a short time.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the techniques for the tissue culture,rapid propagation and transplantation of Anthurium andraeanum.[Method] The leaf,leaf stalk,spathe and spadix of the pot flower variety and cut flo...[Objective] The aim was to study the techniques for the tissue culture,rapid propagation and transplantation of Anthurium andraeanum.[Method] The leaf,leaf stalk,spathe and spadix of the pot flower variety and cut flower variety of A.andraeanum were used as explants,in order to investigate the influences of the explants selection,disinfection conditions and different media on the callus induction,proliferation and rooting.[Result] The leaf stalk of A.andraeanum was the optimum explant,with the highest callus induction rate(78.3%).The best disinfecting effect could be obtained when the explants was sterilized with 0.1% HgCl2 for 8 min.The optimum media for the callus induction of Ping Champion and MIDORI were respectively 1/2 MS+1.50 mg/L 6-BA+0.50 mg/L 2,4-D+0.10 mg/L NAA and 1/2 MS+1.50 mg/L 6-BA+1.00 mg/L KT+0.10 mg/L 2,4-D,while the optimum media for callus subculture of Ping Champion and MIDORI were respectively MS+1.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.50 mg/L NAA+0.30 mg/L 2,4-D and MS+0.50 mg/L 6-BA+0.50 mg/L KT+0.10 mg/L NAA.It was beneficial for the proliferation and growth of cluster buds while 10%(w/v)of coconut water or banana jam was added to MS medium at the proliferation stage,and the proliferation rate could be increased by 2.83 fold.At the rooting stage,the medium 1/2 MS+0.10 mg/L NAA+0.10 mg/L IAA was the optimum medium for rooting,and the rooting rate was up to 100%.[Conservation] The research results will lay a foundation for the establishment of the industrial seedling breeding system of A.andraeanum,and it will be significant for the development of A.andraeanum industry.展开更多
Shoot-tip culture of strawberry is the most important way to get virus-free plants.Moreover,detoxification and rapid propagation are the key techniques for producing high-quality seeds and seedlings massively and rapi...Shoot-tip culture of strawberry is the most important way to get virus-free plants.Moreover,detoxification and rapid propagation are the key techniques for producing high-quality seeds and seedlings massively and rapidly and achieving the high-quality,high-yield and high-efficiency development of strawberry industry.We have recently produced virus-free strawberry seedlings by combing tissue culture technology and stolon-reproduction method and this technology has been widely used.In addition,a relatively perfect three breeding system of virus-free strawberry seedlings was established after production practices,guaranteeing the supply of high-quality seeds and seedlings and technical support for strawberry industry in corps.展开更多
Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlin...Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlings are sensitive to low temperatures,and thus usually suffer from cold stress during the early growth period.However,little is known about the mechanism behind the trade-offs between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.In this study,a total of 31 primary metabolites were detected from the mature fruits of eight melon lines that differ with respect to seedling cold tolerance;these included 12 amino acids,10 organic acids,and 9 soluble sugars.Our results showed that concentrations of most of the primary metabolites in the cold-resistant melons were generally lower than in the cold-sensitive melons;the greatest difference in metabolite levels was observed between the cold-resistant line H581 and the moderately cold-resistant line HH09.The metabolite and transcriptome data for these two lines were then subjected to weighted correlation network analysis,resulting in the identification of five key candidate genes underlying the balancing between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality.Among these genes,CmEAF7 might play multiple roles in regulating chloroplast development,photosynthesis,and the ABA pathway.Furthermore,multi-method functional analysis showed that CmEAF7 can certainly improve both seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.Our study identified an agriculturally important gene,CmEAF7,and provides a new insight into breeding methods to develop melon cultivars with seedling cold tolerance and high fruit quality.展开更多
Pineapple plant was always injured due to low temperature. Breeding varieties with high cold tolerance was the supreme way to resolve this problem and identifying cold tolerance of germplasms collected was necessary. ...Pineapple plant was always injured due to low temperature. Breeding varieties with high cold tolerance was the supreme way to resolve this problem and identifying cold tolerance of germplasms collected was necessary. In this study, SSR locus around homologous sequences of cold-tolerant genes w</span><span style="font-family:"">as</span><span style="font-family:""> searched and screened using MD-2 (cold-tolerant variety) and Tainong 17 (cold-sensitive variety). Seventy three pairs of primers of which PCR results were different between these two varieties were gotten. PCRs were performed using these as primers and genomic DNA of germplasms collected as templates. Six pairs of primers were found that their PCR results were in good consistent with cold tolerance. Using GLM (General linear model) association <span>mapping analysis, two SSR markers linked to cold tolerance were found. Their</span> efficiency was verified further using pineapple germplasms with high cold tolerance which had been validated in field by cold wave. They will be used in cold-tolerant breeding of pineapple in the future.展开更多
With the enlarging scale and intensifying production of livestock and poultry breeding, the environment pollution becomes increasingly prominent in the Dianchi Lake Basin since 1990s. According to the survey of "The ...With the enlarging scale and intensifying production of livestock and poultry breeding, the environment pollution becomes increasingly prominent in the Dianchi Lake Basin since 1990s. According to the survey of "The First National Census of Pollution Sources", occurrence and discharge of pollutants in large-scale livestock and poultry farms in this region were first understood. The pollution characteristics of large-scale live- stock and poultry breeding were also analyzed deeply. On this basis, the significance of pollution control programs for environment protection was investigated from aspects of pollution control policy, technology management and publicity.展开更多
The study was undertaken to assess whether seedling age played any role in governing the vulnerability of tomato to the bacterial wilt pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearum, based on the preliminary observations that the e...The study was undertaken to assess whether seedling age played any role in governing the vulnerability of tomato to the bacterial wilt pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearum, based on the preliminary observations that the extent of mortality during seedling-stage screening was relatively less in older seedlings. Employing the virulent strain ‘NH-Av01’ isolated from tomato, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-week-old seedlings of susceptible ‘Arka Vikas’ raised in organic cocopeat in 98 cavity protrays were inoculated with the pathogen through root-injury inoculation approach. Disease symptoms appeared earlier and with more severity in 2-week-old seedlings followed by 3-, 4- and 5-week-old saplings recording 74%, 68%, 63% and 49% mortality, respectively, after four weeks of inoculation suggesting that older the seedlings, less the susceptibility to the pathogen. The growth characteristics of seedlings (shoot height, shoot and root weights) showed a significant increase with seedling age (0.21, 0.54, 1.14 and 2.09 g gross weight/seedling at 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks, respectively) indicating healthier saplings with delay in inoculation time. In subsequent trials, seedlings of 3, 4, 5 or 6 weeks were transplanted to field-sick soil in protrays or in pots with monitoring for 1 - 4 months which indicated a significant reduction in disease incidence and severity with increase in seedling age. The observations suggested that seedling age should be considered as a major factor influencing the susceptibility of tomato seedlings to R. solanacearum with the chances of variations in the extent of disease incidence or inconsistent results during seedling-stage screening and the possibility of escapes with older seedlings. Two-week seedlings formed the best when the aim is to induce maximum disease incidence, while transplanting at 5 - 6 weeks stage appeared the best when the objective is minimal disease incidence or formulating disease management strategies.展开更多
This article offers an overview of the development of dairy cow breeding in China,and analyzes the problems in the development of dairy cow breeding in China as follows:the breeding scale is small;the pasture grass pr...This article offers an overview of the development of dairy cow breeding in China,and analyzes the problems in the development of dairy cow breeding in China as follows:the breeding scale is small;the pasture grass production cannot meet demand;the proportion of fine breed is not high and the dairy cow yield per unit is low;it lacks epidemic prevention and quarantine mechanism;economic benefits of large-scale breeding are not high.These problems have become bottleneck in the development of the dairy cow breeding.Finally countermeasures are put forward for the development of dairy cow breeding in China as follows:developing large-scale breeding,and increasing subsidies;supporting the development of grass industry,and ensuring the supply of good feed;strengthening cultivation and promotion of fine breed,and promoting the quality of fresh milk;improving the accountability system of dairy products,and giving play to supervisory role of the news media.展开更多
基金Supported by International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of China(2012DFA31120)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303094)National Key Technology Research and Development Program(2012BAD14B15)~~
文摘[Objective] The behavior of eating, drinking, defecating and peeing of 1 500 pigs in a large-scale microbial fermentation bed-equipped piggery was observed. We hoped to find some simple indicators that could reflect the health status of swinery and to provide experience for the swinery performance management in large-scale microbial fermentation bed-equipped piggery. [Method] The body weight (BW), daily BW gain, feed intake and other indicators of different-day-old pigs were recorded in details. Based on the recorded data, the models between BW, BW gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain ratio and growth days (d) were established. In addition, the incidences of pox-like macula (dermatitis), diarrhea (gastrointestinal disease), cough (respiratory disease), stiff pig (malnutrition), conjunctivitis (eye disease) and foot inflection (trauma) among fattening pigs were also investigated. [Result] The BW range, average BW, daily BW gain, breeding days, daily feed intake range, average daily feed intake, staged feed intake, accumulated feed intake, feed/gain ratio and accumulated feed/gain ratio of different-day-old pigs were studied, respectively. Four dynamic models were established for the growth of pigs: (1) the BW (y)-age (x) mod- el: y=0.758 9x-19.883 (3=0.993 7); (2) the BW gain (y)-age (x) model: y=1.039 5x05051 (F=0.885 4); (3) the average daily feed intake (y)-age (x) model: y=0.023 5x-0.334 3 (F=0.991 7); (4) the feed/gain ratio (y)-age (x) model: y=0.022x+0.427 8 (P=0.988 5). Based on these models, the corresponding theoretical growth value of pigs at different growth stage could be predicted. The main diseases occurred among the swinery in the large-scale microbial fermentation bed piggery included pox-like macula (dermatitis), diarrhea (gastrointestinal disease), cough (respiratory disease), stiff pig (mal- nutrition), conjunctivitis (eye disease) and foot inflection (trauma). The deadly infec- tious diseases had been not found among the pigs. [Conclusion] When the actual BW, BW gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain ratio were all lower than the theoretical values predicted by the models, the management should be enhanced. The average daily feed intake of 60 to 65-day-old pigs was lower than the theoretic value, indicating that the pigs could not adapt nicely to the fermentation bed at the very early stage. When the pigs grew up to 70 to 75 d old, the average daily feed intake was higher than the theoretical value, indicating that the pigs had adapted to the fermentation bed. In particularly, average daily feed intake of 75-day-old pigs was higher than the theoretical value by 21%. It was suggested the fermentation bed was conducive to the growth of pigs. Considering the occurrence of diseases among pigs, the overall incidence was relatively low. The incidence of each disease was all lower than 10% with little difficulty in treating. If the management of mattress was strength- ened, such as paying attention to feeding and keeping water clean, many diseases could heal by themselves.
基金Supported by the Project of Luzhou Company of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company"Comprehensive Application of Distillers'Grains on Tobacco"
文摘In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco, the pH of distiller s grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid, and the effects of various distiller s grain substrates on the growth of tobacco seedlings were studied to find out the method of cultivating high-quality tobacco seedlings by using distiller s grain substrate. The results showed that when 60% of humic acid was added to the distiller s grain substrate made from coarse distiller s grains, fine distiller s grains, perlite and vermiculite, both the pH and electrical conductivity decreased significantly and were similar to that of the conventional substrate. Moreover, the emergence rate of tobacco seedlings, the rate of strong tobacco seedlings, leaf number, stem height, root growth and quality of tobacco seedlings were good.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160086,32160287,31900271)Key Project of Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Fund(QKHJC[2019]1455)+1 种基金Central Government Supporting Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(QKZYD[2021]4010)Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202110665031,S202310665002,S202310665012).
文摘Based on the principle of asexual reproduction,a kind of scale breeding and reproduction technique of Ficus tikoua Bur.container seedlings was explored by using the characteristics of strong adaptability to the environment and fast growth and reproduction.Using non-woven bag as a breeding container for seedlings,the scale breeding and reproduction technique of F.tikoua container seedlings was summarized through the important links of seedling bed construction,seedling collection,soil configuration,container selection,cutting cultivation,field management,and disease and pest control.This technique can achieve differential,massive and sustainable efficient breeding and reproduction of F.tikoua seedlings in a short time.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Supporting Project(2007BAD45B07)Key Technology Research and Development Project of Hainan Province(080201,2009YFZX003)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the techniques for the tissue culture,rapid propagation and transplantation of Anthurium andraeanum.[Method] The leaf,leaf stalk,spathe and spadix of the pot flower variety and cut flower variety of A.andraeanum were used as explants,in order to investigate the influences of the explants selection,disinfection conditions and different media on the callus induction,proliferation and rooting.[Result] The leaf stalk of A.andraeanum was the optimum explant,with the highest callus induction rate(78.3%).The best disinfecting effect could be obtained when the explants was sterilized with 0.1% HgCl2 for 8 min.The optimum media for the callus induction of Ping Champion and MIDORI were respectively 1/2 MS+1.50 mg/L 6-BA+0.50 mg/L 2,4-D+0.10 mg/L NAA and 1/2 MS+1.50 mg/L 6-BA+1.00 mg/L KT+0.10 mg/L 2,4-D,while the optimum media for callus subculture of Ping Champion and MIDORI were respectively MS+1.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.50 mg/L NAA+0.30 mg/L 2,4-D and MS+0.50 mg/L 6-BA+0.50 mg/L KT+0.10 mg/L NAA.It was beneficial for the proliferation and growth of cluster buds while 10%(w/v)of coconut water or banana jam was added to MS medium at the proliferation stage,and the proliferation rate could be increased by 2.83 fold.At the rooting stage,the medium 1/2 MS+0.10 mg/L NAA+0.10 mg/L IAA was the optimum medium for rooting,and the rooting rate was up to 100%.[Conservation] The research results will lay a foundation for the establishment of the industrial seedling breeding system of A.andraeanum,and it will be significant for the development of A.andraeanum industry.
文摘Shoot-tip culture of strawberry is the most important way to get virus-free plants.Moreover,detoxification and rapid propagation are the key techniques for producing high-quality seeds and seedlings massively and rapidly and achieving the high-quality,high-yield and high-efficiency development of strawberry industry.We have recently produced virus-free strawberry seedlings by combing tissue culture technology and stolon-reproduction method and this technology has been widely used.In addition,a relatively perfect three breeding system of virus-free strawberry seedlings was established after production practices,guaranteeing the supply of high-quality seeds and seedlings and technical support for strawberry industry in corps.
基金Thisworkwas supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant numbers 31872101 and 32072564)the Henan Special Funds for Major Science and Technology(221100110400)+1 种基金the Excellent Youth Foundation of Henan Scientific Committee(222300420009)the Foundation for Young Talents of Henan Agricultural University(30500728).
文摘Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlings are sensitive to low temperatures,and thus usually suffer from cold stress during the early growth period.However,little is known about the mechanism behind the trade-offs between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.In this study,a total of 31 primary metabolites were detected from the mature fruits of eight melon lines that differ with respect to seedling cold tolerance;these included 12 amino acids,10 organic acids,and 9 soluble sugars.Our results showed that concentrations of most of the primary metabolites in the cold-resistant melons were generally lower than in the cold-sensitive melons;the greatest difference in metabolite levels was observed between the cold-resistant line H581 and the moderately cold-resistant line HH09.The metabolite and transcriptome data for these two lines were then subjected to weighted correlation network analysis,resulting in the identification of five key candidate genes underlying the balancing between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality.Among these genes,CmEAF7 might play multiple roles in regulating chloroplast development,photosynthesis,and the ABA pathway.Furthermore,multi-method functional analysis showed that CmEAF7 can certainly improve both seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.Our study identified an agriculturally important gene,CmEAF7,and provides a new insight into breeding methods to develop melon cultivars with seedling cold tolerance and high fruit quality.
文摘Pineapple plant was always injured due to low temperature. Breeding varieties with high cold tolerance was the supreme way to resolve this problem and identifying cold tolerance of germplasms collected was necessary. In this study, SSR locus around homologous sequences of cold-tolerant genes w</span><span style="font-family:"">as</span><span style="font-family:""> searched and screened using MD-2 (cold-tolerant variety) and Tainong 17 (cold-sensitive variety). Seventy three pairs of primers of which PCR results were different between these two varieties were gotten. PCRs were performed using these as primers and genomic DNA of germplasms collected as templates. Six pairs of primers were found that their PCR results were in good consistent with cold tolerance. Using GLM (General linear model) association <span>mapping analysis, two SSR markers linked to cold tolerance were found. Their</span> efficiency was verified further using pineapple germplasms with high cold tolerance which had been validated in field by cold wave. They will be used in cold-tolerant breeding of pineapple in the future.
基金funded by the National Water Pollution Control and Management Technology Major Projects (2008ZX07102)
文摘With the enlarging scale and intensifying production of livestock and poultry breeding, the environment pollution becomes increasingly prominent in the Dianchi Lake Basin since 1990s. According to the survey of "The First National Census of Pollution Sources", occurrence and discharge of pollutants in large-scale livestock and poultry farms in this region were first understood. The pollution characteristics of large-scale live- stock and poultry breeding were also analyzed deeply. On this basis, the significance of pollution control programs for environment protection was investigated from aspects of pollution control policy, technology management and publicity.
文摘The study was undertaken to assess whether seedling age played any role in governing the vulnerability of tomato to the bacterial wilt pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearum, based on the preliminary observations that the extent of mortality during seedling-stage screening was relatively less in older seedlings. Employing the virulent strain ‘NH-Av01’ isolated from tomato, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-week-old seedlings of susceptible ‘Arka Vikas’ raised in organic cocopeat in 98 cavity protrays were inoculated with the pathogen through root-injury inoculation approach. Disease symptoms appeared earlier and with more severity in 2-week-old seedlings followed by 3-, 4- and 5-week-old saplings recording 74%, 68%, 63% and 49% mortality, respectively, after four weeks of inoculation suggesting that older the seedlings, less the susceptibility to the pathogen. The growth characteristics of seedlings (shoot height, shoot and root weights) showed a significant increase with seedling age (0.21, 0.54, 1.14 and 2.09 g gross weight/seedling at 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks, respectively) indicating healthier saplings with delay in inoculation time. In subsequent trials, seedlings of 3, 4, 5 or 6 weeks were transplanted to field-sick soil in protrays or in pots with monitoring for 1 - 4 months which indicated a significant reduction in disease incidence and severity with increase in seedling age. The observations suggested that seedling age should be considered as a major factor influencing the susceptibility of tomato seedlings to R. solanacearum with the chances of variations in the extent of disease incidence or inconsistent results during seedling-stage screening and the possibility of escapes with older seedlings. Two-week seedlings formed the best when the aim is to induce maximum disease incidence, while transplanting at 5 - 6 weeks stage appeared the best when the objective is minimal disease incidence or formulating disease management strategies.
基金Key Technologies R&D Program of Heilongjiang Province ( GC10D206) Cooperation Project of Northeast Agricultural University and Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy ( Group) Co. ,Ltd. +1 种基金The PhD Start-up Fund of Northeast Agricultural University ( 2009-RCW05) National Soft Science Research Plan Project ( 2010GXQ-5D330)
文摘This article offers an overview of the development of dairy cow breeding in China,and analyzes the problems in the development of dairy cow breeding in China as follows:the breeding scale is small;the pasture grass production cannot meet demand;the proportion of fine breed is not high and the dairy cow yield per unit is low;it lacks epidemic prevention and quarantine mechanism;economic benefits of large-scale breeding are not high.These problems have become bottleneck in the development of the dairy cow breeding.Finally countermeasures are put forward for the development of dairy cow breeding in China as follows:developing large-scale breeding,and increasing subsidies;supporting the development of grass industry,and ensuring the supply of good feed;strengthening cultivation and promotion of fine breed,and promoting the quality of fresh milk;improving the accountability system of dairy products,and giving play to supervisory role of the news media.