Fusion energy from protons reacting with ^(11) B,HB11,is extremely difficult or impossible when using thermal ignition by laser irradiation.This changes radically when using picosecond laser pulses with powers above p...Fusion energy from protons reacting with ^(11) B,HB11,is extremely difficult or impossible when using thermal ignition by laser irradiation.This changes radically when using picosecond laser pulses with powers above petawatts dominated by nonlinear force driven ultrahigh ac-celeration of plasma blocks for a non-thermal initiation of igniting solid density HB11 fuel.For a cylindrical trapping of the reaction,laser produced ultrahigh magnetic fields above kiloTesla,have to be combined.The experimentally confirmed highly increased HB11 fusion gains due to avalanche reaction may lead to a scheme of an environmentally clean and economic power reactor.展开更多
Ten million times more compact energy than from burning carbon can be obtained from nuclear fusion reactions corresponding to equilibrium temperature reactions in the range above 100 million degrees.Following the ener...Ten million times more compact energy than from burning carbon can be obtained from nuclear fusion reactions corresponding to equilibrium temperature reactions in the range above 100 million degrees.Following the energy gain in stars,one has to gain nuclear energy from slamming very light nuclei where however the extremely high temperatures above 100 million degrees are needed for the sufficient pressures at thermal equilibrium ignition.A radically new option works with non-thermal pressures of picosecond laser pulses at ultrahigh optical powers by nonlinear forces of ponderomotion.The nuclear fusion of hydrogen with the isotope 11 of boron produces primarily harmless helium and has no problems with dangerous radioactive waste and excludes any catastrophic melt-down as fission reactors,it has the potential to be of low costs and can supply the Earth for more than 10,000 years with electricity.展开更多
文摘Fusion energy from protons reacting with ^(11) B,HB11,is extremely difficult or impossible when using thermal ignition by laser irradiation.This changes radically when using picosecond laser pulses with powers above petawatts dominated by nonlinear force driven ultrahigh ac-celeration of plasma blocks for a non-thermal initiation of igniting solid density HB11 fuel.For a cylindrical trapping of the reaction,laser produced ultrahigh magnetic fields above kiloTesla,have to be combined.The experimentally confirmed highly increased HB11 fusion gains due to avalanche reaction may lead to a scheme of an environmentally clean and economic power reactor.
文摘Ten million times more compact energy than from burning carbon can be obtained from nuclear fusion reactions corresponding to equilibrium temperature reactions in the range above 100 million degrees.Following the energy gain in stars,one has to gain nuclear energy from slamming very light nuclei where however the extremely high temperatures above 100 million degrees are needed for the sufficient pressures at thermal equilibrium ignition.A radically new option works with non-thermal pressures of picosecond laser pulses at ultrahigh optical powers by nonlinear forces of ponderomotion.The nuclear fusion of hydrogen with the isotope 11 of boron produces primarily harmless helium and has no problems with dangerous radioactive waste and excludes any catastrophic melt-down as fission reactors,it has the potential to be of low costs and can supply the Earth for more than 10,000 years with electricity.