LD端面泵浦Tm:SrF_(2)电光调Q激光器

高掺杂浓度的Tm^(3+)增益介质能通过交叉弛豫过程提高激光器的量子效率,但同时也会增加能量上转换带来的损耗,从而限制激光器效率的进一步提升。对Tm:SrF_(2)晶体的荧光特性以及激光性能展开研究。在激光二极管(LD)端面泵浦下,实现最大功率2.99 W的自由运转输出,激光器的泵浦阈值为0.89 W,中心波长1851 nm,斜效率高达82.1%。采用KTP电光调Q开关演示了Tm:SrF_(2)激光器的电光调Q输出特性。在500 Hz重复频率下,获得了1.02 mJ的最大单脉冲能量,泵浦阈值为2.01 W,最短脉冲宽度为45 ns,对应峰值功率为22.67 kW。实验结果表明,基于LD泵浦的Tm:SrF_(2)激光器具有非常高的效率,有望成为中红外光学参量振荡器(OPO)和光学参量放大器(OPA)的理想泵浦源。

热键合、凹端面及晶体棒直径对Er∶YSGG中红外激光性能的影响

对热键合、凹端面及不同直径Er∶YSGG晶体棒的中红外激光性能进行了系统对比研究。晶体经高温退火、定向切割、端面精密抛光后,测量得到其平面度和表面粗糙度分别小于0.1λ@633 nm和0.5 nm。通过精密加工实现了YSGG与Er∶YSGG室温光胶,然后进行了高温热键合,透过谱表明键合界面基本无损耗,达到了一体化。热焦距结果表明,热键合、凹端面能够有效改善和补偿高功率泵浦条件下晶体的热透镜效应,有利于提高晶体的激光性能。对比未键合、热键合及凹面热键合Er∶YSGG晶体在968 nm LD侧面泵浦条件下的激光性能发现,低频150 Hz以下,键合与凹面并未表现出优势,三种棒的最大输出功率和斜效率分别均在24 W和28%附近;但随重频增加,热效应逐渐加重,键合晶体良好散热能力和凹面热补偿效应使激光性能得到提高。在重频300 Hz下,未键合、热键合及凹面热键合三种棒的最大输出功率分别为15.54,17.85和18.33 W、斜效率分别为16.6%,18.3%和18.4%;重频600 Hz条件下,三种棒的最大输出功率分别为9.4,13.32和13.18 W、斜效率分别为6.7%,8.6%和9%。此外,对比研究了不同直径Er∶YSGG晶体的激光性能,在低于100 Hz的低频下,三种晶体的激光性能接近。但相比于3和4 mm键合凹面棒,直径2 mm棒有大的比表面积,拥有更好的热管理能力,使其在高重频条件下具有更好的激光性能。如在150 Hz条件下,2 mm凹面键合Er∶YSGG晶体棒获得了功率23.82 W、斜效率27.7%的中红外激光输出,大大高于直径3和4 mm棒的18 W和23%。在600 Hz,直径2 mm键合凹面棒中实现了功率13.18 W,斜效率9%的激光输出,相比于直径3和4 mm键合凹面棒的9 W,7%具有较大的改善。测量得到2 mm凹面键合Er∶YSGG晶体棒在150 Hz,200μs条件下的光束质量因子M_(x)^(2)/M_(y)^(2)=6.28/6.30,表明该激光具有良好的光束质量。综上,选择合适晶体棒直径,并将键合与凹面相结合是实现高性能2.79μm激光的有效方法。

基于激光拍频的高温传感技术研究

为实现强电磁及其他特殊高温环境的直接温度测量,提出并演示了一种新颖、简单、低成本的光纤高温温度检测系统,该系统利用法布里—珀罗激光二极管(FP-LD)的强反馈来实时检测反射光纤的温度。传感系统由通信用激光光源——FP-LD、光纤环镜Sagnac和光电探测器(PD)组成。利用该系统实现了温度变化范围为105~1025℃的高温温度传感。实验结果表明,在光纤软化温度内其强反馈拍频信号(BFS)的频率偏移与温度变化呈线性关系,可广泛应用于冶金、航空航天等领域的高温检测。

3D激光扫描仪在弹性柱体对接系统的应用算法研究

在特殊工程应用场合,需将弹性柱体装填至另一刚性柱体中,其核心是2个部件同轴度的误差控制。弹性柱体采用特殊的包覆工艺,表面起伏不平,因此,数据采集方式的选择非常关键,同时,数据处理也会影响同轴度误差。设计了一套自动对接系统,采用3D激光扫描仪采集数据,并选择最小二乘法及循环比较法算法拟合曲线。结果表明,该系统效果良好。

LDS激光打标机的振镜扫描失真分析及矫正

LDS(Laser Direct Structuring)激光打标机的振镜扫描系统存在失真问题,从而造成动态聚焦误差。对激光振镜扫描系统失真问题进行了详细理论分析,建立了该振镜扫描系统的数学模型,讨论了振镜动态聚焦误差来源和误差表现,提出了LDS振镜扫描系统误差矫正方法,通过实验验证了该方法的可行性。

Mechanism of laser welding of SiC reinforced LD2 aluminum metal matrix composite

In this paper the mechanism of SiC_P/LD2 aluminum matrix composites during laser welding was investigated. The emphasis was laid on the study of the distribution of aluminum carbides in whole welds. The joint can be divided into three regions both in depth and in width. The depth is divided into severe reaction region, partial reaction region, and no reaction region. In these regions, the extent of interfacial reaction varies gradually, the shape of reactants varies from long to fine. In width it can also be divided into severe reaction region, partial reaction region, and initial reaction region from the center of the weld to about the welding junction. In the initial reaction region, nucleation and growth of the reaction products on the surface of SiC particles can be observed by using TEM. The investigation showed that the quantity and size of SiC are relative to the temperature gradient in the molten pool.

Self-Mixing Interference Effects in LD Pumped Multi-Mode Solid-State Laser

Based on the effective structure of the self-mixing interference effects,a general model for the self-mixing interference effects in the LD pumped solid-state laser has been established for the first time.The numerical simulation of the self-mixing interference signal has been done,the results show that when the external cavity length is integral times of 1/2,1/3,2/3,1/4,3/4 of the effective cavity length,the intensity of the self-mixing interference signals reach maximum in value.While that of single mode laser is integral times of half of the effective cavity length,the measuring precision of displacement of single mode laser is λ/2.A conclusion can be drawn from the above results that the measuring precision of displacement of multi-mode laser is higher than that of single mode laser.

Laser diode drive method with narrow-width and high-peak current for multi-line LIDAR

Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) based on time of flight (TOF) method is widely used in many fields related to distance measurement. LIDAR generally uses laser diode (LD) to emit the pulsed laser with high peak power and short duration to ensure a large distance measurement range and eye safety. To achieve this goal, we propose a pulsed LD drive method producing the drive current with high peak and narrow pulse width. We analyze the key issues and related theories of the drive current generation based on this method and design an LD driver. A model of drive current generation is established and the influence of operating frequency on drive current is discussed. The LD driver is simulated by software and verified by experiments. The working frequency of the driver changes from 20 kHz to 100 kHz and the charging voltage is set at 130 V. The current produced by this driver has a duration of 8.8 ns and a peak of about 35 A, and the peak output optical power of the LD exceeds 75 W.

Tunable Single-Passband Microwave Photonic Filter Based on Sagnac Loop and Fabry-Perot Laser Diode

A tunable single-passband microwave photonic filter is proposed and demonstrated, based on a laser diode (LD) array with multiple optical carriers and a Fabry-Perot (F-P) laser diode. Multiple optical carriers in conjunction with the F-P LD will realize a filter with multiple passbands. By adjusting the wavelengths of the multiple optical carriers, multiple passbands are merged into a single passband with a broadened bandwidth. By varying the number of the optical carrier, the bandwidth can be adjusted. The central frequency can be tuned by adjusting the wavelength of the multiple optical carriers simultaneously. A single-passband filter implemented by two optical carriers is experimentally demonstrated.

Crystal Growth and Laser Characteristics of Nd^(3+)∶KGd(WO_4)_2

The Nd^3＋ 3.2% （atom fraction）：KGd（WO4）2 crystal was grown by Kyropoulos method. The absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum of Nd^3 ＋ ： KGW crystal were measured. The absorption cross sections at 808 nm（0. 6799 × 10^-20 cm^2） were calculated, and the output wavelength of fluorescence is 1064 and 1351 nm. The diode-pumped laser was operated both in the free-running and passively Q-switched operating modes. The maximum laser output（1064 nm） is 326 mW with 62.7 % slope efficiency when input energy is 900 mW. The beam quality factor M^2 ≈ 1.1. The green light of 532 nm is obtained in frequency doubling operation. The laser is passively Q-switched by using Cr^4＋ ：LuAG as saturable absorber. The pulse width is 170 ns at repetitive frequency of 15 kHZ.

Compact,efficient diode-end-pumped Nd:GdVO_4 slab continuous-wave 912-nm laser

A fiber-coupled laser-diode （LD） end-pumped Nd：GdVO4 slab continuous-wave （CW） 912-nm laser and an LD bar end-pumped Nd：GdVO4 slab CW 912-nm laser are both demonstrated in this paper. Using the fiber-coupled LD of end-pumped type, a highest CW 912-nm laser output power of 10.17 W is obtained with a high optical to-optical conversion efficiency of 24.6% and a slope efficiency of 34.5%. The measured M2 factors of beam quality in x and y directions are 5.3 and 5.1, respectively. Besides, an LD bar of end-pumped type is used to realize CW 912-nm laser output, which has the advantages of compactness and low cost. When the pump power is 38.8 W, the output power is 8.87 W and the measured M^2 factors of beam quality in x and y directions are 16 and 1.31, respectively. In order to improve the beam quality of the 912-nm laser at x direction, a new quasi-concentric laser resonator will be designed, and an LD bar end-pumped Nd：GdVO4 slab high-power CW 912-nm TEM00 laser will be realized in the future.

LDS技术在印制电路板行业应用前景分析

激光直接成型(LDS)技术,指利用激光将数字化的图形照射到高分子材料表面,通过对照射过的区域进行直接金属化,最终在高分子材料表面形成图案的技术。它可以在高分子壳体上直接形成金属化的图案。本文详细探讨了LDS技术的原理、加工方法、应用方向、在印制电路板中的应用前景以及目前存在的应用缺陷。

LD Pumped High Efficient Intracavity Frequency-Doubled Green Laser

A laser diode (LD) pumped Q switched high efficient intracavity frequency doubled Nd ∶YAG laser is reported here. The authors have designed an optical coupler and pointed out that the key to increasing harmonic conversion efficiency is to decrease the loss of fundamental wave. In the experiments, a fundamental mode output laser was acquired. When the pumping power was 12 W, 2.6 W average output power at 1 064 nm with AO Q switch was obtained. 2.1 W average output power at 532 nm was obtained with intracavity frequency doubling, and the highest second harmonic conversion efficiency was 82 0 0.

Effect of Droop Phenomenon in InGaN/GaN Blue Laser Diodes on Threshold Current

Electroluminescence （EL） and temperature-dependent photolumineseenee measurements are performed to study the internal quantum efficiency droop phenomenon of blue laser diodes （LDs） before lasing. Based on the ABC mode, the EL result demonstrates that non-radiative recombination rates of LDs with threshold current densities of 4 and 6kA/cm2 are similar, while LD with threshold current density of 4kA/cm2 exhibits a smaller auger- like recombination rate compared with the one of 6kA/cm2. The internal quantum efficiency droop is more serious for LD with higher threshold current density. temperature-dependent photoluminescence is consistent The internal quantum efficiency value estimated from with EL measurements.

Analysis and design of CW-LD pumped stable Q-switched laser

A high power continuous wave (CW) laser diode (LD) pumped acousto-optic Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser is presented. A short pulse at the 1064 nm is obtained. With a repetition rate of 50 kHz,the maximum average output power of 5.72 W is achieved. The optical conversion efficiency and the slope efficiency are up to 28% and 32.4% respectively. At the repetition rate of 10 kHz and the pulse width of 16.3ns, the maximum single pulse energy of 286 μJ and the peak power of 13kW are acquired. The laser can be used as a signal source in the free-space optical communication. The output signal agrees with the modulate signal well.

Logitec LDS—Ri700 iPod Dock

为了追求更好的音质，这款由日本Logitec公司与知名音响公司Teac携手推出的iPod底座提供了对BSS技术（动态低音增强系统）的支持，最大程度上提高了使用iPod播放器欣赏音乐时的播放效果。值得赞扬的是,除了出色的音质表现。

基于光电-电光变换的高功率激光装置时标激光系统

提出了一种时标基准信号红外长程传输结合近程光电-电光转换的时标激光系统设计方案,该方案首先使用红外单模光纤完成时间基准信号的长程传输,然后使用光电探测器将红外时标基准信号转换为电信号驱动蓝光直调LD激光器,最终获得输出波长为450 nm,输出功率47 mW,脉冲宽度为120 ps的时标光信号。实验结果表明,所提方案可为激光驱动器提供窄脉宽,可长程传输的时标光信号用于甚多束紫外激光脉冲同步同发监测,同步监测精度可达10 ps。文中技术方案规避了敏感的固体激光放大与倍频过程,提高了时标光脉冲波形的稳定度与同步监测系统的可靠性。

紧凑高效型百瓦级2μm棒状Tm:YAG激光器

报道了一种结构紧凑、高效率、高功率的2μm棒状Tm∶YAG激光器。通过优化设计三向激光二极管(LD)侧面泵浦激光模块,提高了晶体棒内泵浦光的功率密度。激光谐振腔采用平平腔结构,包含单个激光模块,几何腔长为88 mm,整台激光器结构简单、紧凑且体积小。激光模块通过一个水冷机进行冷却,在冷却温度为12℃条件下,获得了最高功率为119 W、波长为2.02μm的激光输出,光-光转换效率为19.6%,斜率效率达32.7%。该激光器可在最大输出功率下连续稳定运转2 h,功率波动小于1%,晶体端面及光学元件表面不结霜。实验测得x和y方向的光束质量因子分别为21.01和21.68。这种紧凑、可靠、高效的百瓦级2μm激光器对于医疗和科学研究等应用具有重要意义。

LD端面泵浦Er:Yb:glass/Co:MALO晶体热效应分析

为了减弱激光二极管端面泵浦固体激光器热效应的影响,提高激光谐振腔稳定性及改善激光器的输出特性,以激光二极管端面泵浦Er:Yb:glass/Co:MALO晶体为研究对象,采用有限元分析方法,并根据热传导理论对其进行多物理场耦合热效应分析,系统分析了非键合和键合晶体、泵浦中心波长、功率以及束腰半径对激光晶体的温度场、热应力场以及形变量的影响。结果表明:键合晶体中Co:MALO晶体不仅起到了被动调Q的作用,还起到了热沉的效果,可以有效改善晶体内部的温度分布、热应力和形变量。中心波长为940 nm的泵浦对晶体的穿透性远高于976 nm,采用940 nm的泵浦可以改善晶体的最高温度,但976 nm泵浦结构是扩散键合较安全的结构。由于增大泵浦功率会导致晶体单位面积功率密度分布的增加,热效应也会加剧,泵浦功率增大100 mW对应温度增加9 K,热应力增加1.5 MPa,热形变增加0.5μm。减小泵浦光束半径也会导致热效应的增加,但影响相较于功率不明显。理论分析结果可为激光二极管端面泵浦铒镱共掺磷酸盐玻璃1.5μm固体激光器减小热效应的合理优化设计提供数据理论支持。

基于2D激光位移传感器的舱段自动对接测量方法

针对舱段对接装配需求,结合舱段对接工艺过程,提出一种基于2D激光位移传感器的舱段自动对接测量方法。首先将待对接舱段调整至相距基准舱段约50 mm待装位,采用2D激光位移传感器检测两舱段对接处三个点位的2D轮廓偏差,计算得到待对接舱段除自转角外的5个自由度位姿;然后根据两舱段法兰端面上的豁口特征,通过扫描两个舱段法兰豁口位置,计算得到待对接舱段自转角;最后将结果反馈至控制系统,驱动执行机构进行位姿的调整。通过引入误差的仿真并结合对接实验对所提方法进行了验证,结果表明,所提方法测量精度高,对接效果良好,能够满足舱段自动对接需求,有效提高了自动对接系统的效率、稳定性和一致性。