Pores Created by Laser Surface Modification of Poly(vinylalcohol)-Collagen with Glycosaminoglycan Scaffold for Cell Culture in Tissue Engineering

A PVA-GAG-COL composite scaffold is fabricated by polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）, glyeosaminoglycan （GAG） and collagen （COL）. Laser surface modification technology is used to make holes on the surface of the scaffolds. Inside and outside interconnection micro-porous structure is obtained. Bioeompatibility test of the scaffolds shows that PVA-GAG-COL scaffold can promote the adhesion and proliferation of the fibroblast. Also, fibroblast can grow normally on the scaffolds with pore diameter from 115 um to 255 um and pore distance from 500 um to 2000 um. PVA-GAG-COL scaffolds possess excellent cell biocompatibility. The porous structure is suitable for cell culture in tissue engineering.

Microstructure and surface texture driven improvement in in-vitro response of laser surface processed AZ31B magnesium alloy

The present work explored effects of laser surface melting on microstructure and surface topography evolution in AZ31B magnesium alloy.Thermokinetic effects experienced by the material during laser surface melting were simulated using a multiphysics finite element model.Microstructure and phase evolution were examined using scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,and electron back scatter diffraction.Surface topography was evaluated using white light interferometry.The interaction of surface melted samples with simulated body fluid was monitored by contact angle measurements and immersion studies up to 7 days.Laser surface melting led to formation of a refined microstructure with predominantly basal crystallographic texture.Concurrently,the amount ofβphase(Mg_(17)Al_(12))increased with an increase in the laser fluence.βphase preferentially decorated the cell boundaries.In terms of topography,the surface became progressively rougher with an increase in laser fluence.As a result,upon immersion in simulated body fluid,the laser surface melted samples showed an improved wettability,corrosion resistance,and precipitation of mineral having composition closer to the hydroxyapatite bone mineral compared to the untreated sample.

Stainless steel anisotropic superhydrophobic surfaces fabrication with inclined cone array via laser ablation and post annealing treatment

Metal superhydrophobic surfaces with anisotropic wettability and adhesion have become more and more important due to their promising applications. Herein, we report a new fabrication strategy through a combination of pulsed laser ablation and low-temperature annealing post-processing. An inclined cone structure array is made on stainless steel surfaces, and then 120 °C low-temperature annealing is applied. Such surface displays excellent mechanical durability and anisotropic superhydrophobicity. It is demonstrated experimentally that the contact angle of water droplets on the surface is different along the parallel(167° ±2°) and perpendicular directions(157° ±2°) of the inclined cone structure. The sliding behaviors of water droplets and mechanical durability of the inclined cone structures are studied. These surfaces obtained in a short time with environmentally friendly fabrication can be applied in industries for water harvesting, droplet manipulation, and pipeline transportation.

Laser repairing surface crack of Ni-based superalloy components

Surface crack of components of the cast nickel base superalloy was repaired with twin laser beams under proper technological conditions. One laser beam was used to melt the substrate material of crack, and the other to fill in powder material to the crack region. The experimental results show that the surface crack with the width of 0.1 ～ 0.3?mm could be repaired under the laser power of 3?kW and the scanning speed of 6 ～ 8?mm/s. The repaired deepness of crack region is below 6.5?mm. The microstructure of repaired region is the cellular crystal, columnar crystal dendrite crystal from the transition region to the top filled layer. The phases in repaired region mainly consisted of supersaturated α Co with plenty of Ni, some Cr and Al, Cr 23 C 6, Co 2B, Co Ni Mo, Ni 4B 3, TiSi and VSi. The hardness of filled layer in repaired region ranged from HV 0.2 450 to HV 0.2 500, and the hardness decreases gradually from the filled layer to joined zone.

塞斯纳172飞机发动机机匣脉冲激光清洗工艺研究

针对航空发动机机匣表面除漆需求,采用纳秒脉冲激光开展了塞斯纳172飞机发动机机匣表面漆层的激光清洗研究。通过对机匣除漆区域的表面形貌及粗糙度进行分析,探究了激光能量密度与扫描速度对机匣表面漆层清洗效果的影响规律,确定了机匣激光除漆最佳工艺参数,并对机匣除漆后的表面质量、显微硬度及粗糙度进行综合评估。结果表明,能量密度和扫描速度均显著影响机匣除漆质量,能量密度18.33 J/cm^(2)、扫描速度1600 mm/s时,可实现除漆率98.7%,表面粗糙度S_(a)为2.48μm,机匣本身未损伤,表面显微硬度提升1.9%,满足机匣表面除漆质量要求。研究结果为发动机机匣激光除漆提供了理论与技术支持。

Surface engineering and the application of laser-based processes to stents-A review of the latest development

Late in-stent thrombus and restenosis still represent two major challenges in stents’design.Surface treatment of stent is attracting attention due to the increasing importance of stenting intervention for coronary artery diseases.Several surface engineering techniques have been utilised to improve the biological response in vivo on a wide range of biomedical devices.As a tailorable,precise,and ultra-fast process,laser surface engineering offers the potential to treat stent materials and fabricate various 3D textures,including grooves,pillars,nanowires,porous and freeform structures,while also modifying surface chemistry through nitridation,oxidation and coatings.Laser-based processes can reduce the biodegradable materials’degradation rate,offering many advantages to improve stents’performance,such as increased endothelialisation rate,prohibition of SMC proliferation,reduced platelet adhesion and controlled corrosion and degradation.Nowadays,adequate research has been conducted on laser surface texturing and surface chemistry modification.Laser texturing on commercial stents has been also investigated and a promotion of performance of laser-textured stents has been proved.In this critical review,the influence of surface texture and surface chemistry on stents performance is firstly reviewed to understand the surface characteristics of stents required to facilitate cellular response.This is followed by the explicit illustration of laser surface engineering of stents and/or related materials.Laser induced periodic surface structure(LIPSS)on stent materials is then explored,and finally the application of laser surface modification techniques on latest generation of stent devices is highlighted to provide future trends and research direction on laser surface engineering of stents.

超高速激光熔覆技术及其耐磨蚀涂层材料研究进展

超高速激光熔覆技术是一种新型的表面涂层制备技术,可用于制备具有冶金结合的致密金属防护涂层。与传统熔覆工艺相比,超高速激光熔覆的加工效率高、涂层稀释率低,且涂层内部晶粒组织明显细化,可表现出更加优异的防护性能,在工业生产中具有广阔的应用前景。介绍了超高速激光熔覆技术的原理与加工特点,分析了国内外超高速激光熔覆设备的发展现状,综述了超高速激光熔覆涂层材料的研究进展,讨论了当前超高速激光熔覆涂层发展的主要问题,并展望了超高速激光熔覆技术及其涂层材料的发展趋势。

考虑时变效应的织构缸套润滑性能分析及试验研究

内燃机缸孔内的时变效应和气压变化对活塞环受力影响不可忽略,而织构形貌参数对发动机油耗性能的影响也有待深入研究。为此,构建考虑时变效应和缸内气体压力变化的织构化缸套-活塞环摩擦副的流体动压润滑模型,采用多重网格法求解模型获得润滑油膜压力分布规律,进而获得缸套-活塞环间的最小油膜厚度和摩擦力,并针对装配织构缸套的发动机开展台架试验。计算结果表明:缸内气体压力变化影响活塞环径向受力,时变效应使缸套-活塞环受挤压效应的影响;织构化缸套能够增加润滑油膜厚度、减少摩擦力,当微凹坑深度为4~7μm,织构面积密度较小如为5%、10%时,能够获得较佳的最小油膜厚度与摩擦力值。台架试验表明,与原发动机相比,装配织构缸套的发动机油耗性能明显改善,在中高转速下燃油耗降幅较为显著,油耗最大下降14.5%,而24 h机油耗减少26.48%。

激光纹理化调控材料表面疏水性能研究进展

超疏水表面由于具有减阻、抗污、防水等独特性能,广泛应用于日常生活、军事、工业等场景,材料表面的微纳结构及化学成分对其超疏水性能有着重要影响。激光纹理化技术由于具有加工分辨率高、加工方式灵活、可加工材料多等优势,可用于制备疏水性能精确可控的表面微纳结构,在制造超疏水表面方面有着广阔的应用前景。首先,介绍了激光纹理化的作用机理,综述了常用的激光纹理化方式,如激光直接写入法、激光干涉图案化法及激光诱导周期性结构法等,并介绍了激光参数对微纳结构的影响。根据表面微纳结构的形貌、周期及尺寸特点对激光纹理化制备的表面分层微纳结构进行了总结归纳,包括覆盖随机纳米结构或激光诱导周期性结构的微沟槽、微网格、微柱及微峰,重点介绍了分层微纳结构的制备方式及微纳结构对疏水性的影响。总结了提高分层微纳结构表面疏水性的后处理方式,包括环境老化、表面化学改性及热处理等,并介绍了后处理方式调控疏水性的作用机理。最后,对采用激光纹理化技术制备超疏水表面的应用前景进行了展望。

超疏水表面高效制备方法及其在养殖工程中的应用

目前规模养殖业中养殖舍内灰尘、皮屑、粪污沾染问题严重,严重影响了环境清洁与动物健康。金属超疏水表面由于具有的特殊性质,有望成为改善养殖环境的重要手段。以鸭羽表面结构为仿生原型,以不锈钢为基底材料,利用激光加工方法制备仿生结构,同时利用低温硅油-热处理方法改变表面化学。最后通过超景深显微镜、SEM、XPS、接触角测量仪等对表面的理化性质进行测试。结果表明,通过表面结构与化学的双重影响,制备后的表面获得较好的超疏水性(接触角156.8°,滚动角2.7°),表面的自清洁性获得大幅提升,同时表面粪污粘附情况得到明显优化。通过激光-硅油热处理工艺,加工效率与经济性相比于传统超疏水表面制备方法得到显著提升,且制备过程清洁环保,可为仿生超疏水功能表面在养殖工程中的应用提供重要支持。

高性能航空金属结构材料及特种涂层激光熔化沉积制备与成形研究进展

介绍了近年来高性能航空金属结构材料及特种涂层激光熔化沉积制备与成形的研究进展,包括航空高性能金属结构件激光熔化沉积快速成形制造技术及应用;难熔金属材料激光约束熔化沉积制备与成形;钛合金激光表面改性及过渡金属硅化物高温耐磨耐蚀多功能涂层。

激光纳米表面工程技术

表面工程技术、纳米技术和激光技术结合产生了激光纳米表面工程技术。总结了相关的各种主要实现方法。通过对大量现有文献的总结和分析研究可知,可以通过这些激光处理方式对材料表面进行自纳米化或者熔敷制备含纳米颗粒的涂层。

激光表面改性的发展趋势

从激光表面改性的技术特点及先进制造业的发展需求出发,论述了激光表面改性在纳米表面工程、绿色再制造、复合表面工程、智能制造及柔性加工等领域的发展趋势。

金属增材制造技术在船舶与海工领域中的应用分析

从金属增材制造技术的基本概念入手,分析研究了目前金属增材制造技术的选择性激光熔融(SLM)、激光立体成形(LSF)技术的基本原理、技术应用和发展,重点分析增材制造技术在船舶与海工领域中的船用发动机、印刷板式LNG汽化器等典型零部件中的应用,以及对船用螺旋桨、齿轮和叶轮等部件的激光表面修复和激光表面改性。通过分析和研究表明:金属增材制造技术可以广泛适用于于钛合金、不锈钢、铝合金等金属材料的船舶与海工的部件加工,在该领域具有极为广泛的应用前景价值。

激光熔覆进展与熔覆合金设计

激光熔覆是现代表面改性制造技术中的一种极有发展前途的高新技术 ,围绕激光熔覆中几个关键性问题 ,评述了该项技术近年来的研究与应用现状 ,还对激光熔覆材料体系及其设计进行了讨论 。

基于激光扫描的高边坡危岩体识别及锚固方法研究

利用三维激光测量技术获取高陡边坡的高密度点云坐标数据,建立高边坡表面模型。基于三维激光点云数据提取高陡边坡的岩体结构面的产状和几何信息数据。在此基础上,提出危岩块体的识别方法,即将高陡边坡的危岩体点云数据进行构网,形成为块体单元,然后利用虚拟结构面对块体单元进行分割,形成空间块体模型,并根据危岩体失稳类型对空间块体模型进行分类。基于极限平衡理论和各类危岩的破坏机制以及作用在危岩体上荷载组合,建立危岩体锚固计算方法。将该方法应用于东平白佛山边坡的危岩体调查及治理中,根据白佛山边坡危岩体的主要荷载类型(如自重、裂隙水压力和地震力等)及不同类型的危岩体稳定系数,计算不同类型危岩体的最小锚杆数。研究结果表明:(1)三维激光扫描技术可以远距离、快速获取高陡边坡的空间坐标数据,进而获取岩体结构面的空间信息和产状;(2)基于危岩体空间坐标数据、结构面空间信息和不同荷载组合,可进行危岩体分类和锚固计算,得到危岩锚固所需的锚杆或锚索数,为危岩锚固治理设计提供依据。工程实例表明,该方法具有较强的适用性和可靠性,有助于高陡边坡危岩体加固方案的设计和优化。

激光制备仿生非光滑表面蠕墨铸铁的耐磨性

模仿自然界中典型土壤动物的体表形态,运用激光加工的方法在蠕墨铸铁试样表面雕刻出不同形态、不同分布间距、不同倾斜角度的仿生非光滑单元体,研究了仿生非光滑表面试样的耐磨性,探讨了磨损机制。结果表明:仿生非光滑表面试样的耐磨性均优于未处理试样;非光滑单元体形态、分布间距、倾斜角度对试样的耐磨性均有影响;其中具有网格状非光滑单元体的试样耐磨性最好,条纹状次之,点状最差;单元体分布间距减小时,可进一步提高耐磨性;非光滑单元体倾斜角度为45°时,试样的耐磨性优于0°和90°;磨损机制以黏着磨损为主。

摩托车缸套表面激光微造型润滑特性数值分析

为了研究改善摩托车发动机活塞环和缸套的摩擦性能、提高燃油经济性,采用激光表面微造型的方法,在缸套内表面加工出规则微观几何形貌。建立了均匀分布、球冠形状微造型的润滑理论模型,包括雷诺方程、油膜厚度方程、动力学方程等。使用多重网格数值方法进行编程求解,得出了活塞环与缸套间的流体动压和油膜厚度分布。仿真结果表明,在假设为平面的两个配合表面之间,表面微造型也能有效地产生流体动压效应,提高润滑性能。

活塞环与气缸套摩擦副采用喷涂陶瓷材料研究

将喷涂陶瓷材料活塞环与喷涂陶瓷材料或经激光表面处理的气缸套配对成不同组合的活塞环与气缸套的摩擦副 ,经过摩擦副模拟试验和台架试验表明 ,与原金属摩擦副相比 ,其摩擦系数小 ,磨损量小 ,对提高内燃机寿命有重要的意义 .

激光扫描点云数据预处理技术研究

激光扫描系统得到的点云数据,密度大,包含有大量的冗余数据。针对这种数据的特点,对切片上的点云数据,提出了给定误差下的最小二乘非均匀B样条拟合法压缩点云数据的方法;对切片数目的精简,提出了累加弦长,并等分弦长,然后反算等分点在总弦长的位置来精简切片数目的方法。通过实例验证表明,该方法对点云数据处理的灵活性和适应性都较好,能够满足曲线和曲面重构的要求。