Picosecond Laser Surface Texturing of a Stavax Steel Substrate for Wettability Control

In this investigation,a picosecond laser was employed to fabricate surface textures on a Stavax steel substrate,which is a key material for mold fabrication in the manufacturing of various polymer products.Three main types of surface textures were fabricated on a Stavax steel substrate:periodic ripples,a two-scale hierarchical two-dimensional array of micro-bumps,and a micro-pits array with nanoripples.The wettability of the laser-textured Stavax steel surface was converted from its original hydrophilicity into hydrophobicity and even super-hydrophobicity after exposure to air.The results clearly show that this super-hydrophobicity is mainly due to the surface textures.The ultrafast laserinduced catalytic effect may play a secondary role in modifying the surface chemistry so as to lower the surface energy.The laser-induced surface textures on the metal mold substrates were then replicated onto polypropylene substrates via the polymer injection molding process.The surface wettability of the molded polypropylene was found to be changed from the original hydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity.This developed process holds the potential to improve the performance of fabricated plastic products in terms of wettability control and easy cleaning.

Impressive strides in amelioration of corrosion behavior of Mg-based alloys through the PEO process combined with surface laser process: A review

The unsatisfactory corrosion properties of Mg-based alloys pose a significant obstacle to their widespread application. Plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO) is a prevalent and effective coating method that produces a ceramic-like oxide coating on the surface of Mg-based alloys,enhancing their resistance to corrosion. Research has demonstrated that PEO treatment can substantially improve the corrosion performance of alloys based on magnesium in the short term. In an effort to enhance the corrosion resistance of PEO coatings over an extended period of time, researchers have turned their attention to the use of laser processes as both pre-and post-treatments in conjunction with the PEO process. Various laser processes, such as laser shock melting(LSM), laser shock adhesion(LSA), laser shock texturing(LST), and laser shock peening(LSP), have been investigated for their potential to improve PEO coatings on Mg substrates and their alloys. These laser melting processes can homogenize and alter the microstructure of Mg-based alloys while leaving the bulk material unchanged, thereby modifying the substrate surface. However, the porous and rough structure of PEO coatings, with their open and interconnected pore structure, can reduce their long-term corrosion resistance. As such, various laser processes are well-suited for surface modification of these coatings. This study will first examine the PEO process and the various types of laser processes used in this process, before investigating the corrosion behavior of PEO coatings in conjunction with laser pre-and post-treatment processes.

Cooperative effect of surface alloying and laser texturing on tribological performance of lubricated surfaces

The cooperative effect of laser surface texturing(LST) and double glow plasma surface alloying on tribological performance of lubricated sliding contacts was investigated.A Nd:YAG laser was used to generate microdimples on steel surfaces. Dimples with the diameter of 150μm and the depth of 30-35μm distributed circumferentially on the disc surface.The alloying element Cr was sputtered to the laser texturing steel surface by double glow plasma technique.A deep diffusion layer with a thickness of 30μm and a high hardness of HV900 was formed in this alloy.Tribological experiments of three types of samples(smooth,texturing and texturing+alloying) were conducted with a ring-on-disc tribometer to simulate the face seal.It is found that,in comparison with smooth steel surfaces,the laser texturing samples significantly reduce the friction coefficient.Moreover,the lower wear rate of the sample treated with the two surface techniques is observed.

Effect of Laser Texturing Parameters on Wettability of Nickel Surface

Wettability is an important characteristic of solid surfaces. Enhancing the surface wettability is very important for improving the properties of materials. Superhydrophobic materials show good prospects for development in areas such as self-cleaning, anti-fog snow, anti-icing, and corrosion resistance. It has become a hot spot to develop a superhydrophobic surface with low surface free energy and good anti-adhesion properties. In this paper, nanosecond pulsed lasers were used to texture the nickel surface, and the different texturing speeds were changed. Combined with the ultrasonic treatment of low surface energy materials, nickel surfaces with different contact angles were obtained. The experimental results show that low surface energy substances can increase the contact angle of nickel surface but the extent of increase is limited. Laser microstructure induces micro & nanostructures. Ultrasonic action can adsorb certain low surface energy substances on the surface, greatly improving the hydrophobic properties of the surface, the contact angle with water up to 152? and the roll angle is less than 2?, and with the increase of the laser texturing speed, the contact angle of the nickel surface shows a decreasing trend.

Continuous Wave Diode Laser Surface Texturing of Austenitic and Pearlitic Steels

Microstructuring of steel resulting in directional solidification and texturing, previously observed in various metallic materials during pulsed laser processing, melt-spinning, high-gradient liquid metal melting, zone melting etc., is reported for the first time in continuous wave diode laser processing of steels. Influence of laser interaction time on surface morphology/topology of austenitic manganese and pearlitic steels is investigated utilizing a wide rectangular multi-mode diode laser beam. X-ray diffraction analysis of the laser treated austenitic steel surface showed strong texturing influence, with preferred crystallographic orientation of γ-Fe crystals in the (200) plane, which increased with interaction time. In case of pearlitic steel, no such texturing influence could be observed. The free surface topologies were also observed to be different in each case, with well-aligned domes of γ-Fe observed in laser treated austenitic steel as compared to randomly oriented fine domes of metal oxides in pearlitic one. In situ surface temperature measurement during laser irradiation indicated higher temperature on pearlitic steel than in austenitic manganese steel owing to its lower effective thermal conductivity associated with higher oxide film formation.

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Bionic Non-Smooth Stainless Steel Surface by Laser Multiple Processing

Laser multiple processing, i.e. laser surface texturing and then Laser Shock Processing (LSP), is a new surface processing technology for the preparation of bionic non-smooth surfaces. Based on engineering bionics, samples of bionic non-smooth surfaces of stainless steel 0Crl 8Ni9 were manufactured in the form of reseau structure by laser multiple processing. The mechanical properties (including microhardness, residual stress, surface roughness) and microstructure of the samples treated by laser multiple processing were compared with those of the samples without LSP The results show that the mechanical properties of these samples by laser multiple processing were clearly improved in comparison with those of the samples without LSP The mechanisms underlying the improved surface microhardness and surface residual stress were analyzed, and the relations between hardness, comnressive residual stress and roughness were also presented.

Realization of laser textured brass surface via temperature tuning for surface wettability transition

Superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted extensive interests and researches into their fundamentals and potential applications.Laser texturing provides the convenience to fabricate the hierarchical micro/nanostructures for superhydrophobicity.However,after laser texturing,long wettability transition time from superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity is a barrier to mass production and practical industrial applications.External stimuli have been applied to change the surface composition and/or the surface morphology to reduce wettability transition time.Herein,by temperature tuning,wettability transition of laser textured brass surfaces is investigated.Scanning electron microscopy and surface contact angle measurement are employed to characterize the surface morphology and wettability behavior of the textured brass surfaces.By low-temperature heating(100℃~150℃),partial deoxidation of the top Cu O layer occurs to form hydrophobic Cu_2O.Therefore,superhydrophobicity without any chemical coating and surface modification could be achieved in a short time.Furthermore,after low-temperature heating,the low adhesive force between the water droplet and the sample surface is demonstrated for the laser textured brass surface.This study provides a simple method to fabricate the micro/nanostructure surfaces with controllable wettability for the potential applications.

Effects of Laser Pulse Numbers on Surface Biocompatibility of Titanium for Implant Fabrication

Generally, materials with high biocompatibility are more appropriate for bone and tissue transplant applications, due to their higher effectiveness in the healing process and infection problems. This study presents the effects of laser surface texturing on the surface topography properties, roughness, and wettability of thin titanium sheets, which consequently enhance the biocompatibility of this material. Creating line patterns across the surfaces, the titanium samples are prepared using variety of laser parameters. The apatite inducing ability of each sample is tested through the use of simulated body fluid (SBF). The final biocompatibility level of titanium samples is analyzed through wettability, surface angle measurements, and average surface temperature profile. Overall, the effects of laser parameter, pulse numbers, upon the biocompatibility of titanium are thoroughly examined, with results indicating that a scanning speed of 100 μm/ms results in desirable bone type apatite inducing abilities across the surface of treated titanium sheets.

Improvement of Surface Morphology of Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconia Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition on Rolling Assisted Biaxially Textured Substrate Tapes

The surface morphology of buffer layer yttrium-stabilized zirconia （YSZ） of YBa2CuaO7-σ （YBCO） high temperature superconducting films relies on a series of controllable experimental parameters. In this work, we focus on the influence of pulsed laser frequency and target crystalline type on surface morphology of YSZ films deposited by pulsed laser deposition （PLD） on rolling assisted biaxially textured substrate tapes. Usually two kinds of particles are observed in the YSZ layer： randomly distributed ones on the whole film and self-assembled ones along grain boundaries. SEM images are used to prove that particles can be partly removed when choosing dense targets of single crystalline. Lower frequency of pulsed laser also contributes to a smoother film surface. TEM images are used to view the crystalline structure of thin film. Thus we can obtain a basic understanding of how to prepare a particle-free YSZ buffer layer for YBCO in optimized conditions using PLD. The YBCO layer with nice structure and critical current density of around 5 MA/cm2 can be reached on smooth YSZ samples.

基于响应面法的Ni60/WC涂层表面织构皮秒分束工艺参数预测研究

目的实现六分束激光在Ni60/WC涂层表面烧蚀目标织构激光加工工艺参数的精确选择。方法基于CCD响应面法,设计在不同的激光工艺参数下对Ni60/WC涂层表面进行织构烧蚀试验,以激光频率、扫描次数、扫描速度为影响因素,以圆凹坑织构直径、深度及由其直径和深度综合加权所得的综合目标为响应目标,建立目标织构所需激光工艺参数的预测模型,以织构直径、深度及综合目标作为优化条件,对预测模型进行实验验证。结果扫描次数对织构直径的影响最显著,单个脉冲光斑上所聚集的能量大小是影响织构直径误差的关键因素。对织构深度影响最显著为扫描次数和频率,织构深度与扫描次数、频率呈正相关,不同因素间的交互作用是影响织构加工结果的关键。通过对预测模型所优选的参数进行实验验证发现,以织构直径和深度、综合目标建立的预测模型优选工艺参数所加工圆凹坑织构的质量评价指标与其预测指标的误差率分别为19.37%、3.57%。功率为6 W时,六分束激光加工最优工艺参数为速度5500 mm/s、频率400 kHz、扫描2次。结论通过综合目标建立的Ni60/WC涂层表面圆凹坑织构六分束激光加工参数优选预测模型精确程度较高,能够实现Ni60/WC涂层表面加工所需织构激光参数的准确预测,为涂层表面织构加工激光参数精确选择提供了理论依据。

内燃机活塞环材料及表面处理技术研究现状与发展趋势

活塞环是内燃机中重要的零部件之一,该部件的摩擦损耗占内燃机总摩擦损失的26%。因此,活塞环材料的选用及其表面处理研究对于优化提升内燃机性能、延长服役寿命具有重要意义。简单介绍并总结了内燃机活塞环常用材料及其发展趋势,详细综述了激光表面织构技术、表面涂层技术以及表面复合技术在内燃机活塞环减摩抗磨方面的研究和应用现状。其中,激光表面织构技术(LST)可起到接纳磨屑、保持油膜等作用,从而降低活塞环表面摩擦和磨损,但由于织构形貌和几何参数特征对摩擦学性能的影响较为复杂,仍需结合实际工况进一步研究并优化。以镀铬、热喷涂、气相沉积及激光熔覆为代表的涂层技术也常用于活塞环的表面强化处理,但涂层材料种类繁多,难以形成统一的行业标准进而规模应用。此外,通过合理复合多种表面处理技术,比如微弧氧化与电泳沉积复合、超声滚压与离子渗氮技术复合、磁控溅射和低温离子渗硫复合等,可实现优势互补、发挥协同作用,有效改善接触表面的摩擦性能,为活塞环的减摩增寿研究开拓了新的思路。最后对未来活塞环材料开发应用及其减摩抗磨方面的研究发展进行了展望。

SLM成形表面织构对TC4钛合金干摩擦磨损性能的影响

基于一步法思路,采用金属3D打印机基于激光选区熔化(SLM)技术制备表面带有凹坑织构的TC4钛合金试样,采用光学相机、超景深显微镜和扫描电镜观察织构成形情况,利用激光共聚焦位移测试仪和显微维氏硬度计分别测试表面粗糙度和表面硬度,在干摩擦条件下采用摩擦磨损试验仪考察不同载荷下织构密度对TC4钛合金试样摩擦学性能的影响,并使用扫描电镜对摩擦实验前后的表面形貌进行分析。研究结果表明:一步法SLM成形能够在TC4钛合金表面获得成形良好的直径500μm的织构;随着织构密度的提高,钛合金试样表面粗糙度增大,表面硬度有所降低;干摩擦条件下,提高TC4钛合金试样织构密度有利于磨屑的收集从而减少试样的三体磨损,提高载荷有利于改善摩擦副接触状态;5 N载荷下40%织构密度试样的平均摩擦因数和磨痕宽度均最小,与无织构试样相比,平均摩擦因数和磨痕宽度分别降低12%和16%;40%织构密度下,载荷提高会引起摩擦因数的降低和磨损量增大,磨损表面犁沟和片状剥落增多。在干摩擦条件下,3D打印一步法制备的表面织构可以显著改善TC4钛合金的磨粒磨损和黏着磨损。

考虑时变效应的织构缸套润滑性能分析及试验研究

内燃机缸孔内的时变效应和气压变化对活塞环受力影响不可忽略,而织构形貌参数对发动机油耗性能的影响也有待深入研究。为此,构建考虑时变效应和缸内气体压力变化的织构化缸套-活塞环摩擦副的流体动压润滑模型,采用多重网格法求解模型获得润滑油膜压力分布规律,进而获得缸套-活塞环间的最小油膜厚度和摩擦力,并针对装配织构缸套的发动机开展台架试验。计算结果表明:缸内气体压力变化影响活塞环径向受力,时变效应使缸套-活塞环受挤压效应的影响;织构化缸套能够增加润滑油膜厚度、减少摩擦力,当微凹坑深度为4~7μm,织构面积密度较小如为5%、10%时,能够获得较佳的最小油膜厚度与摩擦力值。台架试验表明,与原发动机相比,装配织构缸套的发动机油耗性能明显改善,在中高转速下燃油耗降幅较为显著,油耗最大下降14.5%,而24 h机油耗减少26.48%。

液体辅助激光加工织构及表面摩擦特性研究

为了缓解切削加工钛合金等难加工材料过程中存在的刀具磨损等问题,采用激光器分别在空气介质和液体辅助条件下在YG6硬质合金刀具表面加工直线沟槽织构,在UMT直线往复摩擦磨损试验机上测试了不同工艺加工所得织构刀具的摩擦及磨损性能,通过体视显微镜对磨损形貌进行表征分析,采用计算流体力学方法对试验进行模拟仿真,并结合流体动力学分析,探究织构刀具在润滑条件下的减摩机制。结果表明:激光加工工艺显著影响硬质合金刀具表面在切削液润滑条件下的摩擦磨损行为,液体辅助激光加工所得织构表面表现出较好的抗摩擦磨损性能,摩擦因数相对于无织构刀具表面降低了78.2%,主要是由于在摩擦过程中刀具-工件接触区的油膜产生了较好的楔形效应,改善了摩擦过程中的润滑状态,提高了摩擦学性能。

表面激光织构对碳化硅陶瓷磨削性能影响研究

目前工程陶瓷材料的加工方式主要依靠金刚石砂轮磨削,传统磨削加工中,碳化硅陶瓷本身的硬脆性导致加工过程易引入表面/亚表面损伤,且存在切削力大、砂轮磨损严重、材料去除率低等问题。针对上述难题,本文通过表面织构技术辅助碳化硅陶瓷磨削,采用毫秒脉冲激光在碳化硅陶瓷表面烧蚀特定且均匀分布的表面织构,深入研究激光表面织构参数对碳化硅陶瓷磨削性能的影响规律。结果表明:保持磨削加工参数及状态不变,当织构深度和宽度一定时,织构横向间距(织构面积)对磨削力的影响最大,横向间距越大,粗糙度值越大;与传统磨削加工相比,两种激光织构辅助磨削性能均有所提升,其中网格状织构表现更为优异。

激光表面织构技术调控材料摩擦学性能的研究进展

表面织构是提高工程材料摩擦学性能有效的表面改性方法之一。近年来多种表面织构技术已被应用于提高材料表面减摩耐磨性能,而在众多表面织构化技术中,激光表面织构技术由于具有加工速度快、生产效率高、可控性好等优点而被广泛应用。综述了激光表面织构的最新进展及应用,讨论了目前激光表面织构技术存在的问题及解决方法,总结了3种不同加工原理下的激光处理方法存在的问题,包括形状参数难控制、精度较差及灵活性较低等,并介绍了液相辅助加工技术在激光表面织构技术中的应用,同时分析了不同工艺参数包括密度、形状及深度等对材料摩擦学性能的影响。综述了激光表面织构技术复合涂层技术的研究现状,其中激光表面织构与非金属或金属涂层复合,包括氧化石墨烯填充PTFE涂层复合激光表面织构、复合热丝化学气相沉积增强激光表面织构、复合电液雾化增强激光表面织构及复合激光熔覆技术增强激光表面织构。总结了激光表面织构技术结合不同润滑技术对材料摩擦学性能的影响。最后展望了激光表面织构在各个领域的未来发展方向。

基于激光表面织构提升钢材与木材间粘接强度

胶接钢-木组合构件中,受胶黏剂在钢材表面附着力弱的制约,钢材和木材的粘接强度不高。为改善胶黏剂在钢材上的粘附能力,提出采用激光在钢材表面形成微织构增加胶黏剂与钢材接触面积及嵌入深度。通过单搭接剪切试验,探究织构形状(方形凹坑、竖向沟槽、横向沟槽)对钢材和木材粘接强度的影响;借助激光共聚焦轮廓仪检测钢材表面粗糙度和织构深度,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察激光处理后钢材表面形貌特征及断口特征,基于检测数据构建有限元模型,探究织构形状对钢材和木材间胶层应力分布影响;总结钢材表面织构对钢材和木材粘接强度影响规律和机制。结果表明:钢材表面织构能有效提升钢材和木材粘接强度;织构形状对钢材和木材粘接强度起决定性作用;在相同激光设置参数和相同织构设计参数(宽度和间距)下,沟槽织构比方形织构更有利于增加胶黏剂与钢材粘结强度;织构周围存在的激光熔融物有利于提高胶黏剂与钢材粘结强度。研究成果可为提高钢材和木材间粘接强度提供技术支撑,也为织构在胶接型钢-木组合构件中的应用与设计提供新思路。

无水乙醇环境中纳秒激光制备表面织构机理研究

为研究无水乙醇环境下纳秒激光在YT15刀片表面制备织构的机理,在一定深度的无水乙醇中放置YT15刀片,利用纳秒激光打标机在YT15刀片上制备织构,研究激光功率、扫描速度等激光参数对织构参数的作用。实验结果显示,随着激光功率的增大,环形凸起织构的直径增大、高度增大、深度增大,同时,环形凸起织构的重叠度随之增大;随着扫描速度的增加,环形凸起织构的直径减小、高度减小、深度降低,同时,环形凸起织构的重叠度随之降低。经分析,无水乙醇环境中利用纳秒激光制备织构,激光功率、激光扫描速度、热积累、气泡溃破持续时间、气泡溃破冲击力等因素对织构参数有一定影响。

Laser Surface Texturing of Co–Cr–Mo Alloy for Biomedical Applications:A Case Study for the Effects of Process Parameters on Surface Properties

This study presents a comprehensive approach to applying texturing processes created by engraving on the surface of CoCr28Mo alloy workpieces using a 20 W pulsed nanosecond fiber laser.The hatch strategy and distance,frequency,and scan speed were control parameters for texturing applications.The effectiveness of the parameters in terms of roughness and contact angle of the texturized surface was investigated.Surface roughness and contact angle were analyzed using variance analysis to identify each variable's influence.It has been determined that the roughness of the texture defined by the hatch strategy plays a decisive role in the wettability behavior of the surface;however,the scan speed,frequency,and hatch distance which are among the laser surface texturing conditions are influential in the roughness and contact angle.Increasing scan speed and hatch distance while decreasing frequency resulted in smoother surfaces,increasing the contact angle.Textures having rough surfaces produced with different processing conditions exhibit a super hydrophilic behavior.The contact angle is most sensitive to the hatch distance;however,the frequency has the least influence on the contact angle.The most and least efficient surface roughness parameters are revealed to be scan speed and hatch distance,respectively.

沥青路表纹理特性与抗滑性能相关关系研究

为研究沥青路面宏、微观纹理特性与抗滑性能的相关关系,选择营运中的沥青道路作为研究对象,采用激光纹理扫描小车进行沥青路面宏、微观纹理的像素值测定,使用Matlab软件重构了沥青路面的三维数据模型.同时,利用摆式摩擦测定仪测量沥青路面摆值.最后,计算沥青混凝土路面纹理构造参数并分析沥青路面构造参数和路面抗滑性能指标间的相关性.研究表明:相对于路面轮廓无规则方向,路面轮廓竖直方向的评价指标与抗滑指标的相关性更强;纹理指标中,平均断面深度MPD与路面轮廓算术平均偏差Ra与路面抗滑性能具有较好的正相关关系,其中路面轮廓算术平均偏差Ra与摆值的相关性大于平均断面深度MPD与摆值的相关性.