Suitable growing zone and yield potential for late-maturity type of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice in the lower reaches of Yangtze River, China

Late-maturity type of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrids series （LMYS） have shown great yield potential, and are being widely planted in the lower reaches of Yangtze River, China. Knowledge about suitable growing zone and evaluation of yield advantage is of practicall importance for LMYS in this region. Fifteen LMYS, two high-yielding inbred japonica check varieties （CK-J） and two high-yielding hybrid indica check varieties （CK-I） were grown at Xinghua （119.57°E, 33.05°N） of Lixiahe region, Yangzhou （119.25°E, 32.30°N）of Yanjiang region, Changshu （120.46°E, 31.41°N）of Taihu Lake region, and Ningbo （121.31°E, 29.45°N） of Ningshao Plain in 2013 and 2014. The results showed that maturity dates of the 15 were later than the secure maturity date at Xinghua and 6, 14 and 15 LMYS were mature before the secure maturity date at Yangzhou, Changshu and Ningbo, respectively. One variety was identified as high-yielding variety among LMYS （HYYS） at Yangzhou, 8 HYYS in 201：3 and 9 HYYS in 2014 at Changshu, 9 HYYS at Ningbo. HYYS here referred to the variety among LMYS that was mature before the secure maturity date and had at least 8% higher grain yield than both CK-J and CK-I at each experimental site. Grain yield of HYYS at each experimental site was about 12.0 t ha-1 or higher, and was significantly higher than CK varieties. High yield of HYYS was mainly attributed to larger sink size due to more spikelets per panicle. Plant height of HYYS was about 140 cm, and was significantly higher than check varieties. Significant positive correlations were recorded between duration from heading to maturity stage and grain yield, and also between whole growth periods and grain yield. HYYS had obvious advantage over check varieties in biomass accumulation and leaf area duration from heading to maturity stage. Comprehensive consideration about safe matudty and yield performance of LMYS at each experimental site, Taihu Lake region （representative site Changshu） and Ningshao Plain （representative site Ningbo） were thought suitable growing zones for LMYS in the lower reaches of Yangtze River. The main factors underlying high yield ofHYYS were larger sink size, higher plant height, longer duration from heading to maturity stage and whole growth periods, and higher biomass accumulation and leaf area duration during grain filling stage.

Resistance Evaluation of Some Hybrid Rice, Conventional Early Indica and Late Japonica Rice to Magnaporthe grisea

Thirty isolates of Magnaporthe grisea collected from 18 provinces/cities representing 21 pathotypes and 9 different lineages were inoculated to rice varieties with known resistance genes and some hybrid rices, conventional early indica and late japonica varieties cultivated recently in China. Virulence spectrum of the 30 isolates was very different, showing that they recognize numerous different resistance genes. Varieties also revealed very different resistance patterns showing that they carry different resistance genes or combinations of resistance genes. On the basis of comparisons with international differential varieties with known resistance genes, resistance genes in certain Chinese varieties could be speculated. The results indicated that some of them were resistant to most of the isolates tested and that they could be of interest as resistance sources for hybrid parents or to be planted in the field directly.

High-yielding Seed Production Techniques of New Hybrid Rice Combination-Chuanxiang No.2058

Chuanxiang No.2058 is a new combination of three-line late indica hybrid rice bred based on sterile line Chuanxiang 29A and restorer Qiannanhui No.2058. In order to promote its application, seed production techniques of Chuanxiang No.2058 were explored during 2009-2010. The research detailed the seed production tech- niques from selection of seed production bases, rational arrangement of sowing gap stage, seedling cultivation in different stages, scientific arrangement of male/female parents, management of fertilizer and water, adjustment of florescence, artificial pol- lination, comprehensive treatment of disease and pest damages, and timely control- ling of abnormal and poorly-qualified rice.

杂交晚籼稻新组合乐优97的选育及栽培制种技术

乐优97是由合肥丰乐种业股份有限公司利用自育的三系不育系409A与恢复系R977杂交选育而成的高产、优质、抗倒杂交晚籼稻新组合,于2022年通过了国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。本文详细介绍了乐优97的选育过程和特征特性,并总结了乐优97优质高产栽培技术及其制种技术关键要点,以期为该产品的大规模推广种植提供参考。

优质杂交晚籼稻新组合色香优明月丝苗的选育与应用

色香优明月丝苗是湖南粮安科技股份有限公司、广西绿海种业有限公司、江西天稻粮安种业有限公司等单位利用优质香型不育系色香A与恢复系R明月丝苗配组选育而成的优质籼型杂交晚稻新组合,于2023年分别通过国家、江西省和湖南省农作物品种审定。本文介绍了该品种的选育过程、特征特性及栽培制种技术要点。

籼型杂交晚稻稻米品质性状的遗传效应分析

以6个籼型野败三系不育系为母本,5个晚籼恢复系为父本,进行不完全双列杂交设计,对籼型杂交晚稻稻米品质性状的遗传效应进行分析.结果表明:糙米率、精米率、垩白粒率、碱消值和胶稠度等5个性状同时受到种子遗传效应和细胞质遗传效应的控制,但细胞质遗传效应都大于种子遗传效应.整精米率、垩白度和透明度等3个性状只受到种子遗传效应的控制,并且都以种子显性遗传效应为主.直链淀粉含量同时受到种子遗传效应和母体植株遗传效应的控制,但以种子显性遗传效应为主.粒长和长宽比同时受到母体植株加性遗传效应和母体植株显性遗传效应的控制.不育系451A、全丰A、长丰A及恢复系蜀恢527、科恢752、岳恢94是配制优质杂交晚稻组合的优异亲本.

籼型三系杂交晚稻稻米品质性状杂种优势的遗传分析

以6个籼型野败三系不育系为母本,5个晚籼恢复系为父本,进行不完全双列杂交,采用朱军提出的禾谷类作物种子数量性状的遗传模型和统计分析方法对杂交晚稻稻米品质性状的杂种优势进行遗传分析.结果表明:在杂交晚稻组合F2代稻米的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、粒长、长宽比、垩白粒率、垩白度、透明度、碱消值、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量等11项品质性状中普遍存在正向平均优势;除碱消值和直链淀粉含量外,也比较普遍存在正向超亲优势.并提出了在进行三系杂交晚稻组合品质育种时,合理利用有利的正向杂种优势和避免不利的正向杂种优势的建议.

杂交晚稻金优928高产优质栽培模式

对杂交晚籼稻金优928进行密度、氮肥、磷肥、钾肥4个因素、5个水平的正交旋转回归组合设计试验,结果表明,在中等肥力水平的土壤种植该组合时,只要肥力水平运用恰当每公顷可产稻谷6750 kg以上。生产上宜采用每公顷插37.5-45万穴,施纯氮210 kg左右,施P2O560-75 kg,施K2O 90-105 kg。若既要获得高产,又要保证稻米有较优的加工及外观品质时,可适当降低栽插密度和减少氮肥用量,增加磷、钾肥的用量。

晚籼杂两优277氮、磷、钾施肥模型的研究与应用

采用二次回归组合设计试验,研究两优277的施肥技术,建立了产量对氮、磷、钾施肥量的肥料效应函数模型,并提出了优化施肥方案,即获得每公顷7681.3kg以上产量的合理施肥量应为氮(N)180.0～207.0kg,磷(P2O5)91.5～105.0kg,钾(K2O)132.0～159.0kg。

优质杂交晚籼新组合美优138的选育与应用

美优 13 8是广西农科院水稻所用自育的优质不育系美A与强恢复系测 13 -8配组而成的优质杂交晚籼新组合。该组合具有米质优、产量高、抗性好、适应性广等特点 ,于 2 0 0 1年 12月通过广西区品种审定。介绍了其选育经过、特征特性及应用技术。

高产优质晚籼新组合博优253的选育与应用

博优 2 5 3是广西大学利用自选的强优恢复系测 2 5 3 (IR3 6 田东野生稻∥IR2 0 61///IR2 4 古 15 4)与博A配组育成的晚籼新组合。该组合高产稳产 ,米质较优 ,耐寒力强 ,适应性广 ,制种产量高 ,全生育期 12 0d左右 ,单产 7.5 0～ 9.0 0t hm2 ,2 0 0 0年 12月通过广西区农作物品种审定。介绍了恢复系测 2 5 3的选育经过及该组合的特征特性和栽培制种技术要点。

优质高产杂交晚稻天丰优134的选育与应用

天丰优134是用天丰A与恢复系R134配组而成的杂交晚稻新组合。该组合具有米质优、产量高、抗倒伏和易制种等特点。阐述了天丰优134的选育经过、特征特性以及高产栽培和制种技术。

杂交晚籼新组合荣丰优868的选育及应用

"荣丰优868"是江西省农科院水稻研究所采用优质不育系"荣丰A"与强恢复系"R868"配组而成的晚籼早熟优质高产新组合。介绍了该组合的选育过程、产量表现及栽培制种技术要点。

中国部分杂交稻和常规早籼、晚粳品种(系)的抗瘟性

选用来自中国18个省、市,12个小种分属于9个不同谱系的30个具有广谱毒性的稻瘟病菌株,人工接种于已知抗瘟基因型的品种(系)及中国20世纪90年代新育成的部分杂交稻和常规早籼、晚粳品种上进行水稻抗病性鉴定。通过具有广谱毒性并能识别抗病基因的30个菌株,与具有不同抗性类型并携带有不同或与之相连锁的抗性基因的品种及已知抗性基因的国际鉴别品种进行比较,以期推测某些中国品种的抗性基因。结果表明,部分优异抗瘟材料及新育成的杂交稻组合和常规早籼、晚粳稻品种(系)能抗多数近年采集分离的田间致病菌株,是育种和大面积推广种植的良好材料。

杂交晚籼稻两优0328试验表现及高产栽培技术

简要地介绍了杂交晚籼稻两优0328的选育、近两年在湖北省的试验试种情况、品种的农艺特征特性及高产栽培技术。

浙江省杂交晚籼稻丰优9339产量及生长期降水量空间变异性

采用地统计学原理和GIS相结合的方法,研究了浙江省杂交晚籼稻丰优9339产量及其各生长期降水量空间变异性。结果表明:浙江省杂交晚籼稻丰优9339产量的C/(C_0+C)为0.762;各生育期降水量的C/(C_0+C)在0.78~0.98,都具有很强的空间相关性。浙江省杂交晚籼稻丰优9339产量变动在6268.00~8664.00 kg/hm^2。产量为7873~8664 kg/hm^2的高值区分布在浙北的杭嘉湖平原一带,占研究区总面积的6.95%。产量在7466~7848 kg/hm^2的次高值区分布在浙江北部、东部一带,以及浙西的衢州地区,占研究区总面积的45.8%;少于7466 kg/hm^2的产量低值区位于浙江南部和浙江中部一带,占研究区总面积的47.25%。浙江省杂交晚籼稻丰优9339播种育苗期大部分地区的降水量为86.00~105.00 mm,占研究区总面积的47.25%;分蘖期大部分地区的降水量在40.00~58.00 mm,占研究区总面积的64.52%;拔节孕穗期大部分地区的降水量为54.00~74.00 mm,占研究区总面积的41.42%;灌浆成熟期大部分地区的降水量为56.00~71.00 mm,占研究区总面积的56.42%。偏相关分析表明在浙江省境内,拔节孕穗期的降水量对杂交晚籼稻丰优9339产量负影响达极显著水平。因此这个时期栽培上要特别重视水稻田间水分的管理,努力延长水稻根系和叶片的功能期。

杂交晚籼组合美优1025高产制种技术

美优1025是由不育系美A与恢复系1025组配而成的感光型优质晚籼组合,具有产量高、米质优等特点,于2001年12月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定。安排适宜的制种季节、选择合理的播差期、培育高产群体和采取化学调控等措施,能有效提高制种产量。

“十二五”四川省审定高产型中籼迟熟杂交稻经济性状及产量分析

对"十二五"期间四川省审定的51个高产型中籼迟熟三系杂交稻组合的经济性状和产量进行了分析,并研究了经济性状与产量间的相关关系。结果表明,这51个组合的平均有效穗数为13.89万/667 m^2、穗着粒数为176.87粒、结实率为80.99%、千粒重为29.52 g、稻谷产量为547.22 kg/667 m^2、增产率为5.36%。单产与有效穗数和增产率呈极显著正相关,与穗长、穗着粒、结实率和千粒重相关性均不显著;有效穗数与穗着粒数、千粒重呈极显著负相关,与穗长呈显著负相关;结实率与千粒重呈显著负相关。因此,在四川省这样的生态条件下,要进一步突破水稻产量水平,应在保持一定单穗质量的基础上,平衡协调穗、粒结构,适当增加有效穗数。针对不少品种结实率不高的问题,提出了提高新育杂交稻结实率的主要途径。

三系杂交晚籼新组合Ⅱ优7599的选育与应用

Ⅱ优7599是江西省农科院水稻研究所利用Ⅱ-32A与恢复系JR7599配组而成的三系杂交晚稻新组合。该组合最大的特点是剔除科恢752的配组感光性而能作晚稻种植,株型紧凑,形态清秀,剑叶挺直,呈瓦背状,抗倒,抗稻飞虱,产量高,米饭口感好。2008年3月通过江西省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该文介绍了Ⅱ优7599的选育过程、特征特性、栽培技术及制种技术要点。

5个籼粳杂交晚稻品种在南县地区比较试验

为探明适宜于南县双季晚稻生产的优质高产籼粳杂交稻品种,以当地双季晚稻主栽超级杂交稻H优518为对照,分析比较籼粳杂交晚稻品种甬优1540、春优84、甬优538、甬优9号、甬优12号等在南县地区的生育期、产量、抗性和经济效益。结果表明:供试籼粳杂交品种全生育期均长于对照,分别比对照增加12、9、6、20和12 d;水稻产量均高于对照,分别比对产增产6.4%、14.6%、11.3%、5.1%和11.9%;经济效益均明显高于对照,分别比对照增加21.5%、41.6%、33.5%、18.5%和35.1%。