Total Cavopulmonary Connection:Lateral Tunnel Anastomosis or Extracardiac Conduit?——an Analysis of 114 Consecutive Patients

Objective To compare the postoperative outcomes of patients with the diagnostic univentricular heart undergoing lateral tunnel （LT） operation with extracardiac conduit （EC） operation. Methods- From June 1996 to July 2007, 114 consecutive patients with a single ventricle underwent total cavopulmonary connection （TCPC） in Children＇s Heart Center, lAniversity Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Germany. A LT was performed in 19 （16.7%） patients, and an EC in 95 （83.3%） patients. The mean age of EC group was 50.8±31.6 （ranging from 22 to 212） months, and that of LT group was 61.5±41.2 （ranging from 30 to 168） months. Early and midterm outcomes of two groups were analyzed.Results One died in LT group （5.3%） and three in EC group （3.2%）. The overall mortality was 3.5%. There was no significant difference in mortality between EC-and-LT groups （P〉0.05）. The postoperative pulmonary arterial pressure, oxygen saturation, and effusion time of two groups had no significant difference （all P〉0.05）. No significant difference in the occurrences of complications （arrhythmias, enteropathy, and thrombosis） was found between two groups after operation （P〉0.05）. Conclusions There seems no difference between LT and EC in the clinical results in the early and middle postoperative stage. Glenn anastomosis followed by an EC seems to have some advantages.

Lateral femoral tunnel preparation and graft fixation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction–A discussion

This article provides a discussion and commentary around the recent advances in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR),with a focus on the aspects of lateral femoral tunnel preparation and graft fixation techniques.The paper explores and comments on a recently published review by Dai et al,titled"Research progress on preparation of lateral femoral tunnel and graft fixation in ACLR",while providing insight into its relevance within the field of ACLR,and recommendations for future research.

Enhancement of off-state characteristics in junctionless field effect transistor using a field plate

In this paper, a novel junctionless field effect transistor（JLFET） is proposed. In the presence of a field plate between gate and drain, the gate-induced drain leakage（GIDL） effect is suppressed due to the decrease of lateral band-to-band tunneling probability. Thus, the off-state current Ioff, which is mainly provided by the GIDL current, is reduced. Sentaurus simulation shows that the Ioffof the new optimized JLFET is reduced by ～ 2 orders and its sub-threshold swing can reach76.8 mV/decade with little influence on its on-state current Ion, so its Ion/Ioff ratio is improved by 2 orders of magnitude compared with that of the normal JLFET. Optimization of device parameters such as Φfps（the work difference between field plate and substrate） and LFP（the length of field plate）, is also discussed in detail.