BACKGROUND The critical shoulder angle(CSA)is a radiographic measurement that provides an assessment of both glenoid inclination and acromial length.Higher values may correlate with the presence of rotator cuff tears....BACKGROUND The critical shoulder angle(CSA)is a radiographic measurement that provides an assessment of both glenoid inclination and acromial length.Higher values may correlate with the presence of rotator cuff tears.However,it is difficult to obtain a high-quality true anteroposterior(AP)radiograph of the shoulder,with any excess scapular version or flexion/extension resulting in deviation from the true CSA value.Three-dimensional(3D)bony reconstructions of computed tomography(CT)shoulder scans may be able to be rotated to obtain a similar view to that of true AP radiographs.AIM To compare CSA measurements performed on 3D bony CT reconstructions,with those on corresponding true AP radiographs.METHODS CT shoulder scans were matched with true AP radiographs that were classified as either Suter-Henninger type A or C quality.3D bony reconstructions were segmented from the CT scans,and rotated to replicate an ideal true AP view.Two observers performed CSA measurements using both CT and radiographic images.Measurements were repeated after a one week interval.Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs)and Bland-Altman plots[bias,limits of agreement(LOA)].RESULTS Twenty CT shoulder scans were matched.The mean CSA values were 32.55°(±4.26°)with radiographs and 29.82°(±3.49°)with the CT-based method[mean difference 2.73°(±2.86°);P<0.001;bias+2.73°;LOA-2.17°to+7.63°].There was a strong correlation between the two methods(r=0.748;P<0.001).Intra-observer reliability was similar,but the best intra-observer values were achieved by the most experienced observer using the CT-based method[ICC:0.983(0.958-0.993);bias+0.03°,LOA-1.28°to+1.34°].Inter-observer reliability was better with the CT-based method[ICC:0.897(0.758-0.958),bias+0.24°,LOA-2.93°to+3.41°].CONCLUSION The described CT-based method may be a suitable alternative for critical shoulder angle measurement,as it overcomes the difficulty in obtaining a true AP radiographic view.展开更多
Spatial neglect syndrome with cerebral lesions is characterized by the ina-bility to orient, report, or respond to relevant visual stimuli contralateral to the lesions. In this study, we investigated the pattern of ho...Spatial neglect syndrome with cerebral lesions is characterized by the ina-bility to orient, report, or respond to relevant visual stimuli contralateral to the lesions. In this study, we investigated the pattern of horizontal visual search in a large space;this search was performed by patients with right hemisphere damage caused by cerebrovascular disease. The neck rotation angle and search time in each increment were continuously recorded during the task, and quantitative data of the measurements were collected. Head position during the visual search task in a large space (%) was then calculated. We set angular bands in increments of 5 degrees from the midline on the left and right sides, and calculated the total search time in each angular band. In patients with unilateral spatial neglect (USN), the search time in the angular band of 5 - 9 on the right side was significantly longer (with USN 16.7%, without USN 4.5%, t = 2.52, df = 16, p < 0.05). Furthermore, in patients with neglect in the leftmost end area in a large space, the search time was significantly shorter in the angular band of 1 - 4 degrees to the left (with neglect 13.1%, without neglect 23.7%, t = 2.13, df = 16, p < 0.05), and tended to be long in the angular band of 5 - 9 to the right. The neck rotation angle and pattern during the search task in a large field deviated slightly to the right, and the search time slightly to the left was short. We believe that these results support the rightward deviation of the search pattern and frame of USN patients.展开更多
为提高拍摄颞骨岩部 X 线轴位与斜位片的影像质量,对130个成人整颅颅指数与锥体角的关系进行观察研究,见130例260侧锥体角全在48°以上,平均57°;计算颅指数与锥体角间的相关系数并推算根据颅指数估计锥体角的回归方程,见锥体...为提高拍摄颞骨岩部 X 线轴位与斜位片的影像质量,对130个成人整颅颅指数与锥体角的关系进行观察研究,见130例260侧锥体角全在48°以上,平均57°;计算颅指数与锥体角间的相关系数并推算根据颅指数估计锥体角的回归方程,见锥体角与颅指数高度相关,二者之间具有直线回归关系。故作者认为拍摄骨岩部轴位片与斜位片时头部偏转角不应固定为45°,该角大小应取决于锥体角。可通过对病人头长头宽的测量得知头指数而确定锥体角的估计值,按此估计值拍片可提高岩锥摄片质量。展开更多
耳廓旋转角的测量结果与头部初始位置有关,不同的耳廓旋转角测量方法可能影响个性化头相关传输函数(HRTF)的仰角分布特性.文中分别采用面部垂直参考面和法兰克福水平参考面测量并比较了60名受试者的耳廓旋转角,发现两种方法所得均值相差...耳廓旋转角的测量结果与头部初始位置有关,不同的耳廓旋转角测量方法可能影响个性化头相关传输函数(HRTF)的仰角分布特性.文中分别采用面部垂直参考面和法兰克福水平参考面测量并比较了60名受试者的耳廓旋转角,发现两种方法所得均值相差5°左右.为了分析耳廓旋转角对个性化HRTF空间分布的影响,将一个左耳廓在同一个椭球上按5°间隔旋转,得到耳廓旋转角分别为16°、11°和6°的3个计算模型.然后,用快速多极边界元方法(FM-BEM)计算分析了3个耦合模型的HRTF数据.结果表明:不同耳廓旋转角条件下,HRTF的耳廓高频谷点的频率差异可以达到约1.0 k Hz,某些角度的谷点幅度差异可达到约10 d B.最后,用空间坐标变换方法定制不同耳廓旋转角的个性化HRTF,结果表明,定制HRTF的耳廓谷点频率和幅度与直接通过数值计算的HRTF基本吻合,证明个性化耳廓旋转角定制方法有效.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The critical shoulder angle(CSA)is a radiographic measurement that provides an assessment of both glenoid inclination and acromial length.Higher values may correlate with the presence of rotator cuff tears.However,it is difficult to obtain a high-quality true anteroposterior(AP)radiograph of the shoulder,with any excess scapular version or flexion/extension resulting in deviation from the true CSA value.Three-dimensional(3D)bony reconstructions of computed tomography(CT)shoulder scans may be able to be rotated to obtain a similar view to that of true AP radiographs.AIM To compare CSA measurements performed on 3D bony CT reconstructions,with those on corresponding true AP radiographs.METHODS CT shoulder scans were matched with true AP radiographs that were classified as either Suter-Henninger type A or C quality.3D bony reconstructions were segmented from the CT scans,and rotated to replicate an ideal true AP view.Two observers performed CSA measurements using both CT and radiographic images.Measurements were repeated after a one week interval.Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs)and Bland-Altman plots[bias,limits of agreement(LOA)].RESULTS Twenty CT shoulder scans were matched.The mean CSA values were 32.55°(±4.26°)with radiographs and 29.82°(±3.49°)with the CT-based method[mean difference 2.73°(±2.86°);P<0.001;bias+2.73°;LOA-2.17°to+7.63°].There was a strong correlation between the two methods(r=0.748;P<0.001).Intra-observer reliability was similar,but the best intra-observer values were achieved by the most experienced observer using the CT-based method[ICC:0.983(0.958-0.993);bias+0.03°,LOA-1.28°to+1.34°].Inter-observer reliability was better with the CT-based method[ICC:0.897(0.758-0.958),bias+0.24°,LOA-2.93°to+3.41°].CONCLUSION The described CT-based method may be a suitable alternative for critical shoulder angle measurement,as it overcomes the difficulty in obtaining a true AP radiographic view.
文摘Spatial neglect syndrome with cerebral lesions is characterized by the ina-bility to orient, report, or respond to relevant visual stimuli contralateral to the lesions. In this study, we investigated the pattern of horizontal visual search in a large space;this search was performed by patients with right hemisphere damage caused by cerebrovascular disease. The neck rotation angle and search time in each increment were continuously recorded during the task, and quantitative data of the measurements were collected. Head position during the visual search task in a large space (%) was then calculated. We set angular bands in increments of 5 degrees from the midline on the left and right sides, and calculated the total search time in each angular band. In patients with unilateral spatial neglect (USN), the search time in the angular band of 5 - 9 on the right side was significantly longer (with USN 16.7%, without USN 4.5%, t = 2.52, df = 16, p < 0.05). Furthermore, in patients with neglect in the leftmost end area in a large space, the search time was significantly shorter in the angular band of 1 - 4 degrees to the left (with neglect 13.1%, without neglect 23.7%, t = 2.13, df = 16, p < 0.05), and tended to be long in the angular band of 5 - 9 to the right. The neck rotation angle and pattern during the search task in a large field deviated slightly to the right, and the search time slightly to the left was short. We believe that these results support the rightward deviation of the search pattern and frame of USN patients.
文摘为提高拍摄颞骨岩部 X 线轴位与斜位片的影像质量,对130个成人整颅颅指数与锥体角的关系进行观察研究,见130例260侧锥体角全在48°以上,平均57°;计算颅指数与锥体角间的相关系数并推算根据颅指数估计锥体角的回归方程,见锥体角与颅指数高度相关,二者之间具有直线回归关系。故作者认为拍摄骨岩部轴位片与斜位片时头部偏转角不应固定为45°,该角大小应取决于锥体角。可通过对病人头长头宽的测量得知头指数而确定锥体角的估计值,按此估计值拍片可提高岩锥摄片质量。
文摘耳廓旋转角的测量结果与头部初始位置有关,不同的耳廓旋转角测量方法可能影响个性化头相关传输函数(HRTF)的仰角分布特性.文中分别采用面部垂直参考面和法兰克福水平参考面测量并比较了60名受试者的耳廓旋转角,发现两种方法所得均值相差5°左右.为了分析耳廓旋转角对个性化HRTF空间分布的影响,将一个左耳廓在同一个椭球上按5°间隔旋转,得到耳廓旋转角分别为16°、11°和6°的3个计算模型.然后,用快速多极边界元方法(FM-BEM)计算分析了3个耦合模型的HRTF数据.结果表明:不同耳廓旋转角条件下,HRTF的耳廓高频谷点的频率差异可以达到约1.0 k Hz,某些角度的谷点幅度差异可达到约10 d B.最后,用空间坐标变换方法定制不同耳廓旋转角的个性化HRTF,结果表明,定制HRTF的耳廓谷点频率和幅度与直接通过数值计算的HRTF基本吻合,证明个性化耳廓旋转角定制方法有效.
