基于格子Boltzmann方法的液力变矩器导轮流场仿真

研究了基于格子Boltzmann方法(LBM)的液力变矩器导轮内流场数值计算理论与方法.首先,提出了LBM中处理旋转周期性边界条件的方法.然后,分析了LBM中各项参数对于计算稳定性以及计算效率之间的影响.为了保证粒子迁移与碰撞计算的稳定进行,必须合理选定弛豫时间τ,从而避免在计算过程中平衡态分布函数feq出现负值的情形.此外,在LBM中运用大涡模拟(LES)可以降低计算稳定性对于弛豫时间τ选取的限制,在一定程度上提高计算效率.最后,在开源代码Palabos的基础上进行功能拓展,实现导轮内流场的仿真计算,得到了导轮尾迹区域瞬时非定常流动分布特征.结果表明,LBM与传统计算流体力学(CFD)方法相比,液流对导轮作用力的计算结果在数值上较为接近.然而,使用LBM可以获得详细流场形成过程的时间历程以及局部复杂的流动细节.

Effect of Richardson number on entropy generation over backward facing step

The flow over a backward facing step （BFS） has been taken as a useful proto- type to investigate intrinsic mechanisms of separated flow with heat transfer. However, to date, the open literature on the effect of Richardson number on entropy generation over the BFS is absent yet, although the flow pattern and heat transfer characteristic both will receive significant influence caused by the variation of Richardson number in many prac- tical applications, such as in microelectromechanical systems and aerocrafts. The effect of Richardson number on entropy generation in the BFS flow is reported in this paper for the first time. The entropy generation analysis is conducted through numerically solving the entropy generation equation. The velocity and temperature, which are the inputs of the entropy generation equation, are evaluated by the lattice Boltzmann method. It is found that the distributions of local entropy generation number and Bejan number are significantly influenced by the variation of Richardson number. The total entropy gen- eration number is a monotonic decreasing function of Richardson number, whereas the average Bejan number is a monotonic increasing function of Richardson number.

NUMERICAL STUDIES ON LOCOMOTION PERFROMANCE OF FISH-LIKE TAIL FINS

Flapping plates of typical fishlike tail shapes are simulated to investigate their locomotion performance using the multi-block Lattice Boltzmann Method （LBM） and Immersed Boundary （IB） method. Numerical results show that fishlike forked configurations have better locomotion performance compared with unforked plates. Based on our results, the caudal fin in carangi- form mode has greater thrust, and the lunate tail fin in thtmniform mode has higher efficiency. These findings are qualitatively con- sistent with biological observations of fish swimming. Analysis of wake topology shows that the wake of the forked plate consists of a chain of alternating reverse horseshoe-like vortical structures. These structures induce a backward jet and generate a positive thrust. Moreover, this backward jet has a more favorable direction compared with that behind an unforked plate.

气体在微孔介质中的等效扩散系数预测

本文通过数值模拟研究了微孔介质内部结构对气体等效扩散系数的影响。采用随机生成生长方法生成多孔介质的三维微观结构,使用高效的格子-Boltzmann方法求解扩散的控制方程,可预测微孔结构内气体的等效扩散系数。模拟结果表明:微孔材料的内部结构对多孔介质中气体扩散及等效扩散系数有显著影响。对于高孔隙率情况,基于Fick定律数值预测的气体等效扩散系数和实验结果吻合较好;对于部分饱和的颗粒状微孔介质,孔隙内液滴阻碍了气体的扩散路径,多孔介质的无量纲等效扩散系数与饱和度呈非线性关系。