Empirical Human Rights Studies Contribute to Building a Society Under the Rule of Law——Summary of the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions

From Nov. 5 to 6, 2013, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS）held the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions at Wuhan University. More than 100 experts and scholars, focusing on empirical human rights studies and their contribution to building a society based on the rule of law, shared their work experience and discussed effective strategies. CSHRS President Luo Haocai, who served as vice chairman of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People＇s Political Consultative Conference,

通用人工智能视野下著作权法的逻辑回归——从“工具论”到“贡献论”

以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能的崛起,标志着通用人工智能时代已经悄然而至。学界主流的观点是形式主义的“工具论”,即在AIGC的著作权问题上否认人工智能的主体地位,将其视为人类创作的辅助工具。从功能主义的角度来看,生成式人工智能的著作权问题理应回归至著作权法的规范逻辑。现行著作权法以“独创性表达”这一法律形式构建逻辑严密的理论体系,究竟是谁(人类抑或人工智能)对AIGC的“独创性表达”作出主要贡献,是判断其可版权性及权利归属的关键。在人工智能对AIGC的“独创性表达”作出主要贡献的情况下,如果现有法律或者市场上存在的激励机制足以确保AIGC的持续生成,则法律没有必要对算法所有者、算法设计者以及算法使用者等各环节主体赋予额外的激励机制。通用人工智能时代AIGC应承担的社会功能是,以人机协作的方式,激励人类积极参与作品的创作,并促进作品的利用和传播,从而服务于著作权法改善公共福祉的最终目的。