Research on“Chinese+Law”Teaching Resources in Thailand

This article details the distinctive progress in Thailand’s“Chinese+Law”sector.It then examines the development of related teaching resources,culminating in three key conclusions:(1)The integration of“Chinese”and“Law”in Thai vocational education is insufficient;(2)Teaching resources for“Chinese+Law”in Thailand are scarce and of subpar quality.Presently,there are only print textbooks available,with no accompanying digital or multimedia resources developed;(3)The optimal approach for“Chinese+Law”teaching materials in Thailand should involve collaborative efforts between Chinese and Thai experts.

“Fundamental Rights and Private Law” in China

The Qi Yuling case is a crucial juncture in the study of “fundamental rights and private law” in China, yet relevant research is underpinned on two clues. The first is that the increasing interest in the “constitutionalization of private law” worldwide provides knowledge resources and reference materials for scholars in China;the second is the understanding and exploration of the judicial application of the Constitution since the 1980s. Among them, such concepts as “the Constitution has direct legal effect” and “the Constitution needs to be implemented by the people” could have directly affected the Qi Yuling case. Focusing on such topics as the case of Qi Yuling, judicial enforcement of the Constitution, and the compilation of the Civil Code, scholars discussed the ways and scope for inclu ding fundamental rights in private law based on their experience abroad. They also looked into specific issues, covering how fundamental rights affect civil acts and the private law effects fundamental rights like personality rights, equali ty rights, freedom of speech, and protection of personal information. In the context of promoting the full implementation of the Constitution in the new era, “fundamental rights and private law” is still a field with great potential in both practice and theory.

“私国际法”和“International Private Law”考证

国际私法学科的中英文名称是一个有争议的问题,中文名称"私国际法"和英文名称"International Private Law"就是两例。将"Private International Law"直译为中文"私国际法",违反了术语系统性和一致性的特点,也不符合英汉两种语言之间的句法结构和篇章结构的差异。将德文"Internationalen Privatrechts"直译为英文"International Private Law",违反了术语国际性和一致性的特点。所以,该学科的英文名称应为"Private International Law",也应中译为"国际私法";同时,取消中文名称"私国际法"和英文名称"International Private Law"。

“the rule of law”不能涵盖“法治”的内涵

“法治”(the rule of law)与“依法治国”(the rule by law)的根本区别在于所依之“法”,仅仅用“of”和“by”两个字无法将这两种法律思想和法律实践区别开来。“the rule of law”不能涵盖“法治”的内涵 ,“法治”的英文表述应该是“the rule under natural law”。

论“rule by law”和“rule of law”的区别

"Rule of law"和"Rule by law"两个词是当代中国对"法治"一词的两种翻译,其内涵有着本质的不同。正确地区分两者关系,不仅对于当今法制与法治的建设有着重要的借鉴价值,更有助于处理好当今政府与人民之间的权限问题,对构建现代民主基础之上的法治社会以及对依法治国的发展有着重要意义。

法与“Law”对译中的语义亏损

法律翻译由来已久,不管是我国的法律文本译成英文,还是国外的法律文本译成中文,都不可避免地遇到法与"Law"的翻译。然而,由于历史与文化的差异,法与"Law"的内涵相差很大。随着时间的推移,法与"Law"又各自经历了一系列的演变过程,不管是字形还是字意都发生了很大的变化。由此而造成的法与"Law"的语义亏损是无法避免的。在翻译的过程中,准确分析法与"Law"的历史环境,文化背景及其内涵对于翻译至关重要。

Evaluating students' learning situations using “Four-quadrant law”

Evaluation is widely acknowledged as a powerful means of improving the quality of education and it is a very important component of the education system. However, the current mainstream evaluation method is based on the examination as the common way, which has very limited help to instructors' teaching. In this paper, based on an online learning platform named "educoder", we design an evaluation method by using "Four-quadrant law", which divides students' learning situations into four types. In addition, we provide some suggestions for instructors about how to give targeted teaching to different students in each type. We verify that our method is useful by setting up experiments. The experiment results show that our method can effectively improve the quality of instructors' teaching.

Erratum to “The Faraday Isolator, Detailed Balance and the Second Law” [Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Vol. 5, No. 4, April 2017 PP. 889-899]

A Faraday isolator is shown to develop a temperature difference between its input and output, but still complies with the second law when all the heat carriers, in this case, photons are homogeneous and indistinguishable. This result is a consequence of the H-theorem which assumes homogeneity and indistinguishability of particles. However, when a thermal feedback path is added, in which heat carriers have physical properties different from the photons in the isolator, then a heterogeneous system is formed not covered by the H-theorem, and the second law is violated.

Comprehensive Preservation of Human Rights in the Context of “Comprehensively Advancing the Rule of Law”

The Decision made at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC) on comprehensively advancing the rule of law is an ambitious plan for ensuring human rights through the rule of law. The Decision has fully embodied the constitutional spirit of 'respecting and preserving human rights,' and reflects the strategies and plans of the CPC to comprehensively preserve human rights in the course of 'comprehensively advancing the rule of law'. In the process of comprehensively preserving human rights, the leadership of the CPC has to be upheld. The relationship between the CPC and the rule of law is the core issue in lawbased governance and also the core issue in comprehensively preserving human rights.

“Proper law”问题探究

本文第一部分中集中论证proper law的"准据法"这一译法绝非"误译","the proper law of a contract"乃是冲突法上对"合同准据法"的特有表述;第二部分展开说明作者在第一部分中提出的论点:"the proper law of a contract"是英国冲突法上的一个特有的历史范畴,它的理论和实践有一个发展过程。"假设意思"和"假设选择"是19世纪末至20世纪中叶The doctrine of the proper law的核心和精髓。最后,简要阐述该说的重大变迁,同时对我国国际私法学界在这方面的研究和争论作出应有的评价。

“Running China in Accordance with the Law” Ensures Development of Human Rights

I. A Review of China＇s Judicial Protection for Human Rights To effectively protect human rights, a country needs to specify in its laws a complete series of basic rights its citizens shall enjoy. Meanwhile, the legal rights for an individual citizen would be meaningless even though such rights are prescribed in laws if, when the person＇s rights are infringed upon, he or she has no access to judicial relief. Administration of justice is the last resort, in fact the most effective, means.

General laws of funding for scientific citations:how citations change in funded and unfunded research between basic and applied sciences

Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.

Weber Law Based Approach for Multi-Class Image Forgery Detection

Today’s forensic science introduces a new research area for digital image analysis formultimedia security.So,Image authentication issues have been raised due to the wide use of image manipulation software to obtain an illegitimate benefit or createmisleading publicity by using tempered images.Exiting forgery detectionmethods can classify only one of the most widely used Copy-Move and splicing forgeries.However,an image can contain one or more types of forgeries.This study has proposed a hybridmethod for classifying Copy-Move and splicing images using texture information of images in the spatial domain.Firstly,images are divided into equal blocks to get scale-invariant features.Weber law has been used for getting texture features,and finally,XGBOOST is used to classify both Copy-Move and splicing forgery.The proposed method classified three types of forgeries,i.e.,splicing,Copy-Move,and healthy.Benchmarked(CASIA 2.0,MICCF200)and RCMFD datasets are used for training and testing.On average,the proposed method achieved 97.3% accuracy on benchmarked datasets and 98.3% on RCMFD datasets by applying 10-fold cross-validation,which is far better than existing methods.

基于多尺度Laws纹理能量和低秩分解的织物疵点检测算法

为提高织物疵点检测算法对简单纹理织物、模式纹理织物及条纹纹理织物检测时的普适性和准确性,提出了一种基于多尺度Laws纹理能量和低秩分解的织物疵点检测算法。首先,对织物图像进行直方图均衡化并将处理后的图像均匀划分为子图像块;其次,对每个子图像块提取28个纹理能量特征(利用7个Laws滤波模板在4个尺度上提取),计算所有子图像块提取到的特征均值并组成特征矩阵;然后,利用特征矩阵构建低秩分解模型,通过方向交替方法(ADM)优化求解,得到低秩部分和稀疏部分;最后,由稀疏部分生成疵点显著图,采用迭代阈值分割法对其进行分割,得到织物疵点检测结果。为验证该算法的有效性,在织物图像数据集选取了包含错纬、断经、跳花、破洞等常见疵点的织物图像,并将实验结果与已有3种算法进行了对比。实验结果表明,该算法在简单纹理织物、模式纹理织物及条纹纹理织物检测上具有更好的普适性和准确性,且检测效率具有一定优势。

Scaling Laws Behind Penetrative Turbulence:History and Perspectives

An unstably stratified flow entering into a stably stratified flow is referred to as penetrative convection,which is crucial to many physical processes and has been thought of as a key factor for extreme weather conditions.Past theoretical,numerical,and experimental studies on penetrative convection are reviewed,along with field studies providing insights into turbulence modeling.The physical factors that initiate penetrative convection,including internal heat sources,nonlinear constitutive relationships,centrifugal forces and other complicated factors are summarized.Cutting-edge methods for understanding transport mechanisms and statistical properties of penetrative turbulence are also documented,e.g.,the variational approach and quasilinear approach,which derive scaling laws embedded in penetrative turbulence.Exploring these scaling laws in penetrative convection can improve our understanding of large-scale geophysical and astrophysical motions.To better the model of penetrative turbulence towards a practical situation,new directions,e.g.,penetrative convection in spheres,and radiation-forced convection,are proposed.

Literature overview of basic characteristics and flotation laws of flocs

Flocculation flotation is the most efficient method for recovering fine-grained minerals,and its essence lies in flotation and recovery of flocs.Fundamental physical characteristics of flocs are mainly determined by their apparent particle size and structure(density and morphology).Substantial researches have been conducted regarding the effect of floc characteristics on particle settling and water treatment.However,the influence of floc characteristics on flotation has not been widely studied.Based on the floc formation and flocculation flotation,this study reviews the fundamental physical characteristics of flocs from the perspectives of floc particle size and structure,summarizing the interaction between floc particle size and structure.Moreover,it thoroughly discusses the effect of floc particle size and structure on floc floatability,further revealing the influence of floc characteristics on bubble collision and adhesion and elucidating the mechanisms of interaction between flocs and bubbles.Thus,it is observed that floc particle size is not the only factor influencing flocculation flotation.Within the appropriate apparent particle size range,flocs with a compact structure exhibit higher efficiency in bubble collision and adhesion during flotation,thereby resulting in enhanced flotation performance.This study aims to provide a reference for flocculation flotation,targeting the development of more efficient and refined flocculation flotation processes in the future.

Distribution law and susceptibility of geohazards across a gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau

Across a gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau,geohazards have seriously limited economic and social development.According to incomplete statistics,15,673 geohazards have been recorded in the study area.In order to mitigate the threat of geohazards to human engineering activities in the region,an overall understanding of the distribution pattern of geohazards and susceptibility assessment are necessary.In this paper,a gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau and its zoning criteria were defined.Subsequently,on the basis of relief amplitude,distance to faults,rainfall,and human activities,three indicators of endogenic process were introduced:Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient,vertical deformation gradient,and horizontal deformation gradient.Thereafter,the distribution patterns of geohazards were investigated through mathematical statistics and ArcGIS software.By randomly selecting 10,449 hazards,a geohazard susceptibility map was generated using the Information Value(IV)model.Finally,the IV model was validated against 5224 hazards using the Area Under Curve(AUC)method.The results show that 47.6%of the geohazards were distributed in the zone of steep slope.Geohazards showed strong responses to distance to faults,human activities,and annual rainfall.The distribution of geohazards in the gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau is more sensitive to vertical internal dynamics factors(such as vertical deformation gradient and Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient)without any apparent sensitivity to horizontal internal dynamics factors.The areas of high and very-high risk account for up to 32.22%,mainly distributed in the Longmenshan and Anning River faults.According to the AUC plot,the success rate of the IV model for generating the susceptibility map is 76%.This susceptibility map and geohazard distribution pattern can provide a reference for geological disaster monitoring,preparation of post-disaster emergency measures,and town planning.

Closed-form guidance law for velocity maximization with impact angle constraint

Final velocity and impact angle are critical to missile guidance.Computationally efficient guidance law with compre-hensive consideration of the two performance merits is challeng-ing yet remains less addressed.Therefore,this paper seeks to solve a type of optimal control problem that maximizes final velocity subject to equality point constraint of impact angle con-straint.It is proved that the crude problem of maximizing final velocity is equivalent to minimizing a quadratic-form cost of cur-vature.The closed-form guidance law is henceforth derived using optimal control theory.The derived analytical guidance law coincides with the widely-used optimal guidance law with impact angle constraint(OGL-IAC)with a set of navigation parameters of two and six.On this basis,the optimal emission angle is determined to further increase the final velocity.The derived optimal value depends solely on the initial line-of-sight angle and impact angle constraint,and thus practical for real-world appli-cations.The proposed guidance law is validated by numerical simulation.The results show that the OGL-IAC is superior to the benchmark guidance laws both in terms of final velocity and missing distance.

Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on the time-varying law of oil viscosity and wettability in high-multiple waterflooding sandstone cores

A simulated oil viscosity prediction model is established according to the relationship between simulated oil viscosity and geometric mean value of T2spectrum,and the time-varying law of simulated oil viscosity in porous media is quantitatively characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)experiments of high multiple waterflooding.A new NMR wettability index formula is derived based on NMR relaxation theory to quantitatively characterize the time-varying law of rock wettability during waterflooding combined with high-multiple waterflooding experiment in sandstone cores.The remaining oil viscosity in the core is positively correlated with the displacing water multiple.The remaining oil viscosity increases rapidly when the displacing water multiple is low,and increases slowly when the displacing water multiple is high.The variation of remaining oil viscosity is related to the reservoir heterogeneity.The stronger the reservoir homogeneity,the higher the content of heavy components in the remaining oil and the higher the viscosity.The reservoir wettability changes after water injection:the oil-wet reservoir changes into water-wet reservoir,while the water-wet reservoir becomes more hydrophilic;the degree of change enhances with the increase of displacing water multiple.There is a high correlation between the time-varying oil viscosity and the time-varying wettability,and the change of oil viscosity cannot be ignored.The NMR wettability index calculated by considering the change of oil viscosity is more consistent with the tested Amott(spontaneous imbibition)wettability index,which agrees more with the time-varying law of reservoir wettability.

Triple reverse order law for the Drazin inverse

In this paper,we investigate the reverse order law for Drazin inverse of three bound-ed linear operators under some commutation relations.Moreover,the Drazin invertibility of sum is also obtained for two bounded linear operators and its expression is presented.