Recent advances in flat sheet mixed matrix membrane modified by Mg-based layered double hydroxides(LDHs)for salt and organic compound separations

Magnesium(Mg)is a widely used and attractive metal,known for its unique physical and chemical properties,and it has been employed in the manufacture of many practical materials.Layered Double Hydroxides(LDHs),particularly Mg-based LDHs,rank among the most prevalent two-dimensional materials utilized in separation processes,which include adsorption,extraction,and membrane technology.The high popularity of Mg-based LDHs in separation applications can be attributed to their properties,such as excellent hydrophilicity,high surface area,ion exchangeability,and adjustable interlayer space.Currently,polymer membranes play a pivotal role in semi-industrial and industrial separation processes.Consequently,the development of polymer membranes and the mitigation of their limitations have emerged as compelling topics for researchers.Several methods exist to enhance the separation performance and anti-fouling properties of polymer membranes.Among these,incorporating additives into the membrane polymer matrix stands out as a cost-effective,straightforward,readily available,and efficient approach.The use of Mg-based LDHs,either in combination with other materials or as a standalone additive in the polymer membrane matrix,represents a promising strategy to bolster the separation and anti-fouling efficacy of flat sheet mixed matrix polymer membranes.This review highlights Mg-based LDHs as high-potential additives designed to refine flat sheet mixed matrix polymer membranes for applications in wastewater treatment and brackish water desalination.

Design, synthesis, and nanoengineered modification of spherical graphene surface by layered double hydroxide (LDH) for removal of As (Ⅲ) from aqueous solutions

In this study, new nano spherical graphene modified with LDH(Layered Double Hydroxide) was prepared and used to remove As(Ⅲ) ion from aqueous solutions. At first, graphene oxide was synthesized from graphite using a well-known Hammer method. The obtained graphene oxide solution was sprayed in octanol solution under different temperatures and sprayed speed as influenced variables. The structure and physical characterization of synthesized spherical graphene oxide were determined by various techniques,including FT-IR, N_(2) adsorption–desorption, SEM, TEM, and EDX. In the next step, the hydrothermal method was applied to deposition LDH on the spherical graphene oxide. The synthesized spherical graphene modified by LDH was used to remove As(Ⅲ) as a toxic heavy metal ion. The effect of influenced variables including p H, contact time, amount of sorbent, and type eluent studied and the optimum values were as 8, 30, 50, and HCl(0.5 mol·L^(-1)), respectively. After optimization, the studied sorbent was shown a high adsorption capacity(149.3 mg·g^(-1)). The adsorption mechanism and kinetic models exhibited good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order trends, respectively. Besides, the synthesized product was tested for seven times without significant loss in its sorption efficiency.

Advances in Mg-Al-layered double hydroxide steam coatings on Mg alloys:A review

Layered double hydroxide(LDH)coatings on magnesium(Mg)alloys shine brightly in the field of corrosion protection because of their special ion-exchange function.State-of-the-art steam coating as a type of LDH film preparation technique has emerged in recent years because only pure water is required as the steam source and its environmentally friendly LDH coating fits the current need for green development.Moreover,this coating can effectively inhibit the corrosion of the Mg alloy substrate due to the chemical bonding between the coating and the Mg alloy substrate.This review systematically explains cutting-edge advancements in the growth mechanism and corrosion behavior of LDH steam coatings,and analyzes the advantages and limitations of the steam-coating method.The influencing factors including pressure,CO_(2)/CO_(3)^(2-),aluminum content of the substrate alloy,solution type,and acid-pickling pretreatment,as well as the post-treatment of steam-coating defects,are comprehensively elucidated,providing new insights into the development of the in situ steam-coating technique.Finally,existing issues and future prospects are discussed to further accelerate the widespread application of Mg alloys.

Recent advance on VOCs oxidation over layered double hydroxides derived mixed metal oxides

Catalytic oxidation is regarded as one of the most promising strategies for volatile organic compounds(VOCs)purification.Mixed metal oxides(MMOs),after topological transformation using layered double hydroxides(LDHs)as precursors,are extensively used as catalysts for VOCs oxidation due to their uniformity advantage.This review summarizes the developments in the LDH-derived VOCs heterogeneous catalytic oxidation over the last 10 years.Particularly,it addresses the VOCs abatement performance over MMO,noble metal/MMO,core-shell structured MMO,and integral MMO film catalysts originating from LDHs.Moreover,it highlights the water vapor effect and oxidation mechanism.This review indicates that LDH-based catalysts are a category of important VOCs oxidation materials.

Self-assembling organomodified Co/Al based layered double hydroxides (LDH) via one-step route

The preparation of self-assembling organomodified Co/Al-layered double hydroxide(LDH)via one-step route was studied. A common surfactant,sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate(DBS),was employed as an organic modifier.The behavior and structure of self-assembled intercalated organic Co/Al-LDH were investigated by FTIR,SEM,WAXS,element analysis and TGA.Based upon the WAXS results and calculation by Bragg equation,the interlayer distance(d value)for organic Co/Al-LDH is enlarged from 0.75 nm to 3.10 nm,showing that the self-assembling behavior has been carried out successfully.Considering the observation from SEM, the product shows the morphology of organic Co/Al-LDH of a layered structure.In addition,FTIR,element analysis and TGA analysis show that the modifier is intercalated into the gallery of the Co/Al-LDH.Since organic modification for nanofiller is deemed to be necessary before applying it into polymer,the successful preparation of organomodified Co/Al-LDH will be significantly beneficial to the preparation and investigation of novel polymer/LDH nanocomposite.

Colloid of Delaminated Layered Double Hydroxides:a Novel Type of LDH-based Catalyst

The colloid of delaminated layered double hydroxides(LDHs), a new LDH-based catalyst, is described. The semi-heterogeneous delaminated colloidal MgPdA1-LDH, in which the total surface of catalytic site-bearing lamellae was rendered accessible for chemical reactivity, showed excellent catalysis toward Suzuki reaction. The turnover frequency of this catalyst for Suzuki reaction between bromobenzene and phenylboronic acid is about 8000 h^-1.

Synthesis and Characterization of LDHs （Layered Double Hydroxides） Intercalated with EDTA （Ethylenediaminetetracetic Acid） or EDDS （N, N＇-1, 2-Ethanediylbis-l-Aspartic Acid）

The hydrotalcite-like compound [Zn2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O and [Mg2Al·（OH）6] NO3·nH2O （shorted as ZnA1-NO3 and MgAl-NO3） was intercalated with the chelating agent EDTA （Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid） and EDDS （N, N＇-1, 2-Ethanediylbis-1-Aspartic Acid） by anion exchange. The materials synthesized in this work were characterized by chemical analysis, FT-IR （Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy）, SEM （Scanning Electron Microscopy） and XRD （Powder X-ray Diffraction） to confirm their properties. In order to discuss the adsorption capacity of LDHs （Layered Double Hydroxides）, the adsorption experiment was investigated under the optimum condition （10 mg, 25℃ and 100 μg·L-1）. The amount of metallic ions adsorbed by LDHs intercalated with EDTA and precursor LDHs were determined by ICP-AES （Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry） and AAS （Atomic Absorption Spectrometry）. The intercalation of EDTA leads to improve the adsorption capacity of LDHs. LDHs intercalated with chelating agents have generally high affinity for removing metallic ions, and they can be efficient adsorbents for metallic ions.

LDHs覆膜改性活性炭对水中磷的吸附特性研究

采用水热共沉淀法合成两种层状双金属氢氧化物(MgAl-LDHs和MgFe-LDHs)覆膜于活性炭,并研究了其对水中磷的吸附特性。结果表明,在pH=7、温度为298.15 K、吸附时间为4 h时,MgAl-LDHs和MgFe-LDHs改性基质对磷酸盐最大理论吸附容量分别为3.158 mg/g和4.557 mg/g。吸附过程更加符合Langmuir等温模型和拟二级动力学吸附模型,以均匀单分子层化学吸附为主。当磷酸盐初始浓度为0.5 mg/L和2 mg/L时,MgAl-LDHs改性基质的饱和吸附容量接近MgFe-LDHs改性基质的2倍,MgAl-LDHs改性基质更适合作为吸附剂。LDHs改性基质吸附磷酸盐的热力学参数ΔG_(0)<0、ΔH_(0)<0,说明吸附过程是自发的放热过程,低温更有利于提高吸附效果。

Advances in efficient electrocatalysts based on layered double hydroxides and their derivatives

The explore and development of electrocatalysts have gained significant attention due to their indispensable status in energy storage and conversion systems, such as fuel cells, metal–air batteries and solar water splitting cells. Layered double hydroxides（LDHs） and their derivatives（e.g., transition metal alloys, oxides, sulfides, nitrides and phosphides） have been adopted as catalysts for various electrochemical reactions, such as oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, hydrogen evolution, and COreduction, which show excellent activity and remarkable durability in electrocatalytic process. In this review, the synthesis strategies, structural characters and electrochemical performances for the LDHs and their derivatives are described. In addition, we also discussed the effect of electronic and geometry structures to their electrocatalytic activity. The further development of high-performance electrocatalysts based on LDHs and their derivatives is covered by both a short summary and future outlook from the viewpoint of the material design and practical application.

层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)去除磷酸盐的性能研究

我国水体特别是湖泊的富营养化与氮磷营养盐的超标排放有关.如果集中式污水处理厂的除磷效果不理想,将易引发尾水总磷超标,因此对污水处理厂二级处理过程的效能挖潜是当下污水处理厂提标改造的重点.层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)是新型纳米吸附剂,可实现水体中磷元素的高效去除.研究中采用共沉淀法制备Mg/Al层状双金属氢氧化物(Mg/Al-LDH)及其煅烧产物(Mg/Al-LDO),通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)和Zeta电位等方法表征其组成和微观形貌,借助吸附动力学和吸附等温线探究Mg/Al-LDH和Mg/Al-LDO对磷酸盐的吸附特点和作用机理.结果表明:①当磷酸盐的初始质量浓度为10 mg/L(以P计)时,Mg/Al-LDH和Mg/Al-LDO对磷酸盐的吸附在2 h内快速增加并完成90%的吸附率,且它们的拟二级动力学模型(R^(2)值均大于0.999)比拟一级动力学模型能更好地模拟磷酸盐吸附过程,因而可以认为Mg/Al-LDH和Mg/Al-LDO的除磷过程主要通过化学吸附或化学键合来实现.②由于Mg/Al-LDH和Mg/Al-LDO的等温吸附数据更符合Langmuir等温吸附模型(R^(2)值均大于0.994),说明溶液中的磷酸根应以单分子层方式吸附在Mg/Al-LDH或Mg/Al-LDO上,它们在298 K下的最大饱和吸附量分别为84.5和122.7 mg/g.③Mg/Al-LDO在pH为3.0~11.0范围内具有的界面正电性,以及吸附磷酸盐后部分恢复原有层状结构的能力,使得Mg/Al-LDO在宽pH范围内具有比Mg/Al-LDH更强的脱磷能力.研究显示,Mg/Al-LDH和Mg/Al-LDO可实现含磷水样的高效快速去除,从而为今后市政污水处理技术的革新提供新思路.

富里酸改性FeMnNi-LDH对砷镉污染土壤的钝化修复

选用腐殖质活性组分富里酸(FA)作为铁锰镍层状双氢氧化物(FeMnNi-LDH)的修饰物,采用共沉淀法制备出稳定层状FA@FeMnNi-LDH复合材料,并运用于As(Ⅲ)和Cd(Ⅱ)复合污染土壤的钝化修复.通过小白菜盆栽实验研究了在不同砷镉复合污染水平及不同初始土壤pH值条件下,复合材料对土壤As(Ⅲ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的钝化效果、各形态含量变化及对小白菜根部和地上部As(Ⅲ)和Cd(Ⅱ)转运、富集系数的影响,并进行相关性分析.结果表明,FA@FeMnNi-LDH复合材料对As和Cd具有显著的同步钝化效果.当复合材料添加量由0%增加到1.0%,促进了土壤非专性吸附态和结晶铁铝氧化物结合态As向专性吸附态、无定型铁铝氧化物结合态和残渣态As转化,土壤可交换态Cd主要向残渣态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态和有机结合态Cd转化;土壤初始pH对As和Cd的钝化效果影响明显,酸性和中性土壤的pH分别增加了1.65和0.64个pH单位,土壤有效态As的降低率分别达到69.74%和63.31%,有效态Cd的降低率分别为60.25%和61.78%;小白菜的鲜重和株高随复合材料添加量的增加而提高,并且复合材料添加量的增加降低了小白菜各部位对As和Cd的转运和富集系数,使小白菜地上部As、Cd的浓度均低于国家食品安全标准限值.相关性分析显示,非专性吸附态As、可交换态Cd与土壤pH值呈极显著负相关性,残渣态As和Cd与土壤pH呈现极显著正相关,小白菜地上部分和根部中As和Cd的含量与土壤残渣态As和Cd呈极显著负相关关系.FA@FeMnNi-LDH复合材料能提高土壤pH值,促进土壤As和Cd向残渣态的转化,从而降低土壤As和Cd生物有效性和在小白菜植株中的累积,为土壤中As(Ⅲ)和Cd(Ⅱ)复合污染的同步修复提供了新的参考.

Layered double hydroxides:Scale production and application in soil remediation as super-stable mineralizer

Soil contamination by heavy metals has presented severe risks to human health through food chain.As one of the most promising remediation technologies,in-situ immobilization strategy has been widely adopted in practice.However,considering the large quantities of contaminated soil,it is still a huge challenge to design low-cost amendments with strong and long-term immobilization ability.Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have drawn tremendous attention in fundamental research and practical application because of their unique properties.Moreover,owing to its super-stable mineralization effect to heavy metal ions,LDHs have exhibited great potential in the field of soil remediation.In this work,we mainly focused on the scale production strategy of LDHs with low-cost,and its application in soil remediation.Besides,several key challenges in using LDHs as amendments for immobilization of heavy metal ions are presented.We hope that this mini-review could shed light on the sustainable development of LDHs as amendment for heavy metals in future research directions.

3D Hierarchical Co–Al Layered Double Hydroxides with Long-Term Stabilities and High Rate Performances in Supercapacitors

Three-dimensional(3D) flower-like Co–Al layered double hydroxide(Co–Al-LDH) architectures composed of atomically thin nanosheets were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method in a mixed solvent of water and butyl alcohol. Owing to the unique hierarchical structure and modification by butyl alcohol, the electrochemical stability and the charge/mass transport of the Co–Al-LDHs was improved. When used in supercapacitors, the obtained Co–Al-LDHs deliver a high specific capacitance of 838 Fg^(-1) at a current density of 1 Ag^(-1)and excellent rate performance(753 Fg^(-1) at 30 Ag^(-1) and 677 Fg^(-1) at 100 Ag^(-1)), as well as excellent cycling stability with 95% retention of the initial capacitance even after 20,000 cycles at a current density of 5 Ag^(-1). This work provides a promising alternative strategy to enhance the electrochemical properties of supercapacitors.

一步/分步载药法对LDH/5-FU的粒径及形貌影响

层状双氢氧化物(LDH)是一种带正电性的无机层状载体,其用于负载电负性的药物可实现药物的缓控释。使用了一步载药法及分步载药法将带负电的药物5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)负载于LDH层间,合成了药物递送系统LDH/5-FU。通过不同的载药方法得到了LDH/5-FU,拍摄了其透射电镜图,并观察了其粒径分布。结果表明,一步载药法合成的LDH/5-FU粒径在2 000 nm左右,PDI较大,分布不均匀,易团聚;分步载药法合成的LDH/5-FU粒径在200 nm左右,PDI相对较小,分布更为均匀。

Structure Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides(LDHs)for Heterogeneous Catalysis

Layered double hydroxide(LDH)is regarded as an advanced platform material in catalysis and attracts vast attrition recently.As a kind of two-dimensional layered material,it exhibits great advantages including cation-tunability in layer,lattice limitation,topological transformation,ion exchange and intercalation characteristics.It also can be used as building blocks for composite catalytic materials.Over 100 years,a large number of works have been accomplished and researchers made great progress on investigating the LDH-based catalytic materials.In this review,we summarize representative achievements and significant progress in recent years,which mainly include constructing high entropy catalytic material,high dispersion/stability and interfacial supported catalytic material,composite catalytic materials and nano-reactor based on LDH.Furthermore,through collecting the excellent works,we conclude the future development potential of LDH and provide a perspective.

NiFe-LDH@Cu_(2)O/PAN光催化纤维的制备及性能研究

针对Cu_(2)O光催化活性较低,粉末光催化剂不易回收及重复使用性差等问题,采用静电纺丝方法制备NFC/PAN光催化纤维;通过引入可在其夹层中容纳阴离子的层状双氢氧化物,用NiFe-LDH对Cu_(2)O进行改性,并将其负载于PAN纤维,使用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、万能试验机、紫外可见吸收光谱等测试方法,评价不同Ni_(3)Fe_(1)-LDH@Cu_(2)O添加量对光催化纤维的性能影响。指出:在可见光照射60 min后,NFC质量百分比为5%的Ni_(3)Fe_(1)-LDH@Cu_(2)O/PAN对亚甲基蓝的降解效果最佳,达到91.7%,且其比表面积为76.3 cm^(2)/g,具有一定力学稳定性,重复使用5次后其降解率依旧达85%以上;5%Ni_(3)Fe_(1)-LDH@Cu_(2)O/PAN光催化效果在短时间可达到高效率,其光催化纤维降解速率常数最大,为0.0226,拉伸断裂强力提高3.35倍。

Porous Cobalt Oxide@Layered Double Hydroxide Core-Shell Architectures on Nickel Foam as Electrode for Supercapacitor

The high performance of an electrode relies largely on a scrupulous design of nanoarchitectures and smart hybridization of electroactive materials.A porous core-shell architecture in which one-dimensional cobalt oxide(Co_3O_4)nanowire cores are grown on nickel foam prior to the growth of layered double hydroxide(LDH)shells is fabricated.Hydrothermal precipitation and thermal treatment result in homogeneous forests of 70-nm diameter Co_3O_4 nanowire,which are wrapped in LDH-nanosheet-built porous covers through a liquid phase deposition method.Due to the unique core-shell architecture and the synergetic effects of Co_3O_4and NiAl-LDH,the obtained Co_3O_4@LDH electrode exhibits a capacitance of 1 133.3F/g at a current density of 2A/g and 688.8F/g at 20A/g(5.3F/cm^(2 )at 9.4mA/cm^(2 )and 3.2F/cm^(2 )at 94mA/cm^2),which are better than those of the individual Co_3O_4nanowire.Moreover,the electrode shows excellent cycling performance with a retention rate of 90.4%after 3 000cycles at a current density of 20A/g.

Synthesis of Ni/Mg/Al Layered Double Hydroxides and Their Use as Catalyst Precursors in the Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes

Ni/Mg/Al layered double hydroxides(LDHs) with different n(Ni)∶n(Mg)∶n(Al) ratio values were prepared via a coprecipitation reaction. Then Ni/Mg/Al mixed oxides were obtained by calcination of these LDHs precursors. Carbon nanotubes were produced in the catalytic decomposition of propane over the Ni/Mg/Al mixed oxide catalysts. The quality of as-made nanotubes was investigated by SEM and TEM. The nanotubes were multiwall with a high length-diameter ratio and appeared to be flexible. The catalytic activities of these mixed oxides increased with increasing the Ni content. The Ni/Mg/Al mixed oxide with the highest Ni content [n(Ni)/n(Mg)/n(Al)=1/1/1] showed the highest activity and the carbon nanotubes grown on its surface had the best quality.

自支撑NiSe/CoCr-LDH双功能电催化剂的制备及其裂解海水性能研究

硒化镍(NiSe)得益于其优异的电催化性能,如:高导电性、丰富的晶相及电子结构、合成方式多样便捷等,成为大多数电催化水分解研究者的首选材料.在探究电催化活性的过程中,NiSe不可避免地存在活性低、稳定性差等问题.这意味着:一方面,需要额外提供更高的能量才可以实现水的分解,大大降低了电催化水分解的效率;另一方面,较差的稳定性难以应用于电催化电解海水,无法解决未来实现能量转换的关键问题.为了提高NiSe的稳定性及电催化活性以实现高效长期电解海水,该文将钴铬层状双金属氢氧化物(CoCr-LDH)通过电沉积的方式覆盖在NiSe表面,对NiSe进行保护的同时,与其构成异质结构,显著降低了电催化析氢析氧所需的能量,所制备的生长在泡沫镍上的NiSe和CoCr-LDH异质结构(NiSe/CoCr-LDH/NF)应用于模拟碱性海水环境下的全解水系统,仅需要提供1.59 V电压,电流密度即可达到40 mA·cm^(-2),稳定工作16 h且无氯气产生,实现绿色高效的电解海水.该文为制备高效稳定电催化剂提供了新思路.

牙髓干细胞条件培养基联合LDH纳米材料抗HaCaT细胞光老化的作用研究

目的 探究牙髓干细胞条件培养基(DPSCs-CM)联合层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)纳米材料对光老化HaCaT细胞的作用。方法 制备DPSCs-CM并合成LDH纳米材料。设置对照组[无预处理,无中波紫外线(UVB)照射]、模型组(无预处理,予UVB照射)、DPSCs-CM组(用含DPSCs-CM的DMEM完全培养基预处理24 h后进行UVB照射)、LDH组(用含LDH的DMEM完全培养基预处理24 h后进行UVB照射)和DPSCs-CM+LDH组(用含有等比混合的DPSCs-CM和LDH的DMEM完全培养基预处理24 h后进行UVB照射)。检测各组HaCaT细胞的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力以及活性氧(ROS)水平。采用细胞划痕实验检测各组HaCaT细胞的迁移能力。采用Western blot法检测各组HaCaT细胞中p53蛋白和p16蛋白的表达水平。结果 LDH纳米材料的平均粒径为65.52 nm,分散度系数(PDI)为0.109,Zeta电位为38.1 mV,表明LDH纳米材料的细胞毒性较低,纳米粒子粒径分布均一,分散性和稳定性良好。与模型组相比,DPSCs-CM组、LDH组和DPSCs-CM+LDH组HaCaT细胞的ROS水平和MDA含量降低,SOD活力升高,细胞迁移能力提高,细胞内p53蛋白和p16蛋白表达水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且以DPSCs-CM+LDH组的干预效果最佳。结论 DPSCs-CM联合LDH纳米材料预处理可有效抗HaCaT细胞光老化,其效果优于单一DPSCs-CM和LDH纳米材料干预,为皮肤光老化治疗方法的研发提供了参考。