A rumpled and twisted leaf 1(rtl1) mutant was generated from a japonica cultivar Nipponbare by ethyl methanesulfonate treatment,which was characterized as rumpled and twisted leaf at the seedling stage.The F2 populati...A rumpled and twisted leaf 1(rtl1) mutant was generated from a japonica cultivar Nipponbare by ethyl methanesulfonate treatment,which was characterized as rumpled and twisted leaf at the seedling stage.The F2 populations were constructed by crossing with indica cultivars TN1 and Zhefu 802,respectively.Genetic analysis demonstrated that the phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene.The closely linked simple sequence repeat(SSR) marker RM1155 was obtained from bulked segregant analysis.Subsequently,sequence tagged site(STS) markers were developed using the published rice genome sequence.Finally,RTL1 was located between an STS marker T1591 and an SSR marker RM1359,at the distances of 0.48 cM and 0.96 cM,respectively.These results will facilitate the cloning of the target gene in further studies.展开更多
桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚等药材源于桑科植物桑Morus alba L,具有良好的生理活性。桑源药材中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、多糖类、酚酸类、Diels-Alder型和香豆素类等多种化学成分,其中黄酮类化合物、多糖或生物碱是其特征性活性成分。桑...桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚等药材源于桑科植物桑Morus alba L,具有良好的生理活性。桑源药材中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、多糖类、酚酸类、Diels-Alder型和香豆素类等多种化学成分,其中黄酮类化合物、多糖或生物碱是其特征性活性成分。桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚及其有效成分可能通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性、保护胰岛β细胞、改善炎症反应、抗氧化应激、调节线粒体代谢、调节肠道菌群、改善糖尿病并发症等途径达到防治2型糖尿病的作用。本文对桑源药材的化学成分及其在2型糖尿病防治中的应用及作用机制进行了系统综述,以期为桑源药材的开发及临床合理应用提供指导。展开更多
The yield potential of japonica/indica hybrids(JIH)has been achieved over 13.5 t ha–1 in large-scale rice fields,and some physiological traits for yield advantage of JIH over japonica inbred rice(JI)and indica hybrid...The yield potential of japonica/indica hybrids(JIH)has been achieved over 13.5 t ha–1 in large-scale rice fields,and some physiological traits for yield advantage of JIH over japonica inbred rice(JI)and indica hybrid rice(IH)were also identified.To date,little attention has been paid to morphological traits for yield advantage of JIH over JI and IH.For this reason,three JIH,three JI,and three IH were field-grown at East China(Ningbo,Zhejiang Province)in 2015 and 2016.Compared with JI and IH,JIH had 14.3 and 20.8%higher grain yield,respectively,attributed to its more spikelets per panicle and relatively high percentage of filled grains.The advantage in spikelets per panicle of JIH over JI and IH was shown in number of grains on the upper,middle,and lower branches.Compared with JI and IH,JIH had higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle of upper three leaves,higher leaf area index and leaf area per tiller at heading and maturity stages,higher stem weight per tiller and K and Si concentrations of stem at maturity,higher dry matter weight in leaf,stem,and panicle at heading and maturity stages,and higher biomass accumulation after heading and lower biomass translocation from stem during ripening.Leaf width of upper three leaves were correlated positively,while leaf angle of upper three leaves were correlated negatively with biomass accumulation after heading,stem weight per tiller,and per unit length.Our results indicated that the grain yield advantage of JIH was ascribed mainly to the more spikelets per panicle and relatively high percentage of filled grains.Higher leaf area through leaf width and more erect leaves were associated with improved biomass accumulation and stem weighing during ripening,and were the primary morphological traits underlying higher grain yield of JIH.展开更多
基金supported by the National Major Special Program of Breeding of Transgenetic Organisms New Variety(Grant Nos.2009ZX08001-022B,2009ZX08009-125B)National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(Grant No.30970171)
文摘A rumpled and twisted leaf 1(rtl1) mutant was generated from a japonica cultivar Nipponbare by ethyl methanesulfonate treatment,which was characterized as rumpled and twisted leaf at the seedling stage.The F2 populations were constructed by crossing with indica cultivars TN1 and Zhefu 802,respectively.Genetic analysis demonstrated that the phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene.The closely linked simple sequence repeat(SSR) marker RM1155 was obtained from bulked segregant analysis.Subsequently,sequence tagged site(STS) markers were developed using the published rice genome sequence.Finally,RTL1 was located between an STS marker T1591 and an SSR marker RM1359,at the distances of 0.48 cM and 0.96 cM,respectively.These results will facilitate the cloning of the target gene in further studies.
文摘桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚等药材源于桑科植物桑Morus alba L,具有良好的生理活性。桑源药材中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、多糖类、酚酸类、Diels-Alder型和香豆素类等多种化学成分,其中黄酮类化合物、多糖或生物碱是其特征性活性成分。桑叶、桑枝、桑白皮、桑葚及其有效成分可能通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性、保护胰岛β细胞、改善炎症反应、抗氧化应激、调节线粒体代谢、调节肠道菌群、改善糖尿病并发症等途径达到防治2型糖尿病的作用。本文对桑源药材的化学成分及其在2型糖尿病防治中的应用及作用机制进行了系统综述,以期为桑源药材的开发及临床合理应用提供指导。
基金financed by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0300802)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province, China (BE2016351)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (PAPD)
文摘The yield potential of japonica/indica hybrids(JIH)has been achieved over 13.5 t ha–1 in large-scale rice fields,and some physiological traits for yield advantage of JIH over japonica inbred rice(JI)and indica hybrid rice(IH)were also identified.To date,little attention has been paid to morphological traits for yield advantage of JIH over JI and IH.For this reason,three JIH,three JI,and three IH were field-grown at East China(Ningbo,Zhejiang Province)in 2015 and 2016.Compared with JI and IH,JIH had 14.3 and 20.8%higher grain yield,respectively,attributed to its more spikelets per panicle and relatively high percentage of filled grains.The advantage in spikelets per panicle of JIH over JI and IH was shown in number of grains on the upper,middle,and lower branches.Compared with JI and IH,JIH had higher leaf area through leaf width and lower leaf angle of upper three leaves,higher leaf area index and leaf area per tiller at heading and maturity stages,higher stem weight per tiller and K and Si concentrations of stem at maturity,higher dry matter weight in leaf,stem,and panicle at heading and maturity stages,and higher biomass accumulation after heading and lower biomass translocation from stem during ripening.Leaf width of upper three leaves were correlated positively,while leaf angle of upper three leaves were correlated negatively with biomass accumulation after heading,stem weight per tiller,and per unit length.Our results indicated that the grain yield advantage of JIH was ascribed mainly to the more spikelets per panicle and relatively high percentage of filled grains.Higher leaf area through leaf width and more erect leaves were associated with improved biomass accumulation and stem weighing during ripening,and were the primary morphological traits underlying higher grain yield of JIH.
