Cytochrome P450s(P450s)are the most versatile catalysts and are widely used by plants to synthesize a vast array of structurally diverse specialized metabolites that not only play essential ecological roles but also c...Cytochrome P450s(P450s)are the most versatile catalysts and are widely used by plants to synthesize a vast array of structurally diverse specialized metabolites that not only play essential ecological roles but also constitute a valuable resource for the development of new drugs.To accelerate the metabolic engineering of these high-value metabolites,it is imperative to identify and characterize pathway P450s,and to further improve their activities through protein engineering.In this review,we focus on P450 engineering and summarize the major strategies for enhancing the stability and activity of P450s and successful cases of P450 engineering.Studies in which the functions of P450s were altered to create de novo metabolic pathways or novel compounds are discussed as well.We also overview emerging tools,specifically DNA synthesis,machine learning,and de novo protein design,as well as the evolutionary patterns of P450s unveiled from a massive number of DNA sequences that could be integrated to accelerate the engineering of these enzymes.These approaches would greatly aid in the exploitation of plant-specialized metabolites or derivatives for various uses including medical applications.展开更多
基金This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0901800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972433)This work was also supported from Yunnan Provincial and Shenzhen Municipal Governments.
文摘Cytochrome P450s(P450s)are the most versatile catalysts and are widely used by plants to synthesize a vast array of structurally diverse specialized metabolites that not only play essential ecological roles but also constitute a valuable resource for the development of new drugs.To accelerate the metabolic engineering of these high-value metabolites,it is imperative to identify and characterize pathway P450s,and to further improve their activities through protein engineering.In this review,we focus on P450 engineering and summarize the major strategies for enhancing the stability and activity of P450s and successful cases of P450 engineering.Studies in which the functions of P450s were altered to create de novo metabolic pathways or novel compounds are discussed as well.We also overview emerging tools,specifically DNA synthesis,machine learning,and de novo protein design,as well as the evolutionary patterns of P450s unveiled from a massive number of DNA sequences that could be integrated to accelerate the engineering of these enzymes.These approaches would greatly aid in the exploitation of plant-specialized metabolites or derivatives for various uses including medical applications.
