Depression is a chronic,recurring and potentially life-threatening illness that affects up to 20%of the population across the world.Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on human,little is known about its pat...Depression is a chronic,recurring and potentially life-threatening illness that affects up to 20%of the population across the world.Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on human,little is known about its pathogenesis.One of the major reasons is the restricted availability of validated animal models due to the absence of consensus on the pathology and etiology of depression.Besides,some core symptoms such as depressed mood,feeling of worthlessness,and recurring thoughts of death or suicide,are impossible to be modeled on laboratory animals.Currently,the criteria for identifying animal models of depression rely on either of the 2 principles：actions of known antidepressants and responses to stress.This review mainly focuses on the most widely used animal models of depression,including learned helplessness,chronic mild stress,and social defeat paradigms.Also,the behavioral tests for screening antidepressants,such as forced swimming test and tail suspension test,are also discussed.The advantages and major drawbacks of each model are evaluated.In prospective,new techniques that will be beneficial for developing novel animal models or detecting depression are discussed.展开更多
To investigate the behavioral and biomolecular similarity between neuralgia and depression, a trigeminal neuralgia （TN） mouse model was established by constriction of the infraorbital nerve （CION） to mimic clinica...To investigate the behavioral and biomolecular similarity between neuralgia and depression, a trigeminal neuralgia （TN） mouse model was established by constriction of the infraorbital nerve （CION） to mimic clinical trigeminal neuropathic pain. A mouse learned helplessness （LH） model was developed to investigate inescapable footshock-induced psychiatric disorders like depression in humans. Mass spectrometry was used to assess changes in the biomolecules and signaling pathways in the hip- pocampus from TN or LH mice. TN mice developed not only significant mechanical allodynia but also depressive- like behaviors （mainly behavioral despair） at 2 weeks after CION, similar to LH mice. MS analysis demonstrated common and distinctive protein changes in the hippocampus between groups. Many protein function families （such as cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, and cell assembly and organization,） and signaling pathways （e.g., the Huntington＇s disease pathway） were involved in chronic neuralgia and depression. Together, these results demonstrated that the LH and TN models both develop depressive-like behaviors, and revealed the involvement of manypsychiatric disorder-related biomolecules/pathways in the pathogenesis of TN and LH.展开更多
文摘Depression is a chronic,recurring and potentially life-threatening illness that affects up to 20%of the population across the world.Despite its prevalence and considerable impact on human,little is known about its pathogenesis.One of the major reasons is the restricted availability of validated animal models due to the absence of consensus on the pathology and etiology of depression.Besides,some core symptoms such as depressed mood,feeling of worthlessness,and recurring thoughts of death or suicide,are impossible to be modeled on laboratory animals.Currently,the criteria for identifying animal models of depression rely on either of the 2 principles：actions of known antidepressants and responses to stress.This review mainly focuses on the most widely used animal models of depression,including learned helplessness,chronic mild stress,and social defeat paradigms.Also,the behavioral tests for screening antidepressants,such as forced swimming test and tail suspension test,are also discussed.The advantages and major drawbacks of each model are evaluated.In prospective,new techniques that will be beneficial for developing novel animal models or detecting depression are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31421091,81471130,31371123 and 31420103903)a Development Project of Shanghai Peak Disciplines Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,China
文摘To investigate the behavioral and biomolecular similarity between neuralgia and depression, a trigeminal neuralgia （TN） mouse model was established by constriction of the infraorbital nerve （CION） to mimic clinical trigeminal neuropathic pain. A mouse learned helplessness （LH） model was developed to investigate inescapable footshock-induced psychiatric disorders like depression in humans. Mass spectrometry was used to assess changes in the biomolecules and signaling pathways in the hip- pocampus from TN or LH mice. TN mice developed not only significant mechanical allodynia but also depressive- like behaviors （mainly behavioral despair） at 2 weeks after CION, similar to LH mice. MS analysis demonstrated common and distinctive protein changes in the hippocampus between groups. Many protein function families （such as cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, and cell assembly and organization,） and signaling pathways （e.g., the Huntington＇s disease pathway） were involved in chronic neuralgia and depression. Together, these results demonstrated that the LH and TN models both develop depressive-like behaviors, and revealed the involvement of manypsychiatric disorder-related biomolecules/pathways in the pathogenesis of TN and LH.
