Land-population-industry based village evolution and its influencing factors in the upper Tuojiang River

With economic development and urbanization in China,the rural settlements have experienced great change.To explore the evolution process of rural settlements in terms of land,population and industry can reveal the development law of rural spatial distribution,population structure and industrial economy in different stages and regions.Studying the development status and evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin in Southwest China in the past 20 years are of significant value.The upper Tuojiang River basin includes the main types of terrain found in the Southwest region:mountainous,plains,and hills,exhibiting a certain typicality of geographical characteristics.This study took towns and townships at the town-level scale as the basic unit of research,and constructed an evaluation system for village evolution based on'land,population,and industry'.It employed Criteria Importance Through Inter-Criteria Correlation(CRITIC)analysis to examine the characteristics of village evolution in the area from 2000 to 2020,and used geographic detector analysis to identify the leading factors affecting village evolution.The results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2010,villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin experienced significant changes,and the pace of these transformations slowed from 2010 to 2020.(2)From a comprehensive perspective,from 2000 to 2020,villages in hilly areas show a decline,while villages in plain areas near the city center show a positive urbanization development.(3)Road accessibility and distance from the city center are the main factors that explain the spatial differentiation of village evolution degree in the study area.This study elucidates the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of villages in the upper Tuojiang River basin and identifies the primary factors contributing to their changes,which will provide a reference for investigating the development of rural areas in different terrains of Southwest China.

Spatial Allocation of Land Use in Luodeli Village,Luquan County,Yunnan Province from the Perspective of Rural Complex

Conceptually,rural complex is actually a comprehensive sustainable development model for new agricultural and rural areas across industries and functions.From the perspective of rural complex,combined with the actual case of Idyllic Orient in Yangshan,Wuxi,the first rural complex in China,this paper analyzes the current benefits of relevant projects.Considering the basic situation of Luodeli Village in Luquan County,Yunnan Province,the direction,development model and spatial allocation of land use are initially determined.Finally,the overall development path is proposed for Luodeli Village in Luquan County,in order to provide some ideas for its next development.

Dilemma for the Redevelopment of Village and Town Construction Land, Formation Mechanism and Policy Suggestions

Under the context of economy new normal and rapid urbanization, the shift of economic growth, structural adjustment pains as well as pre-stimulus digestion comes coincidentally. The boundary red line of urban growth, the red line of the number of basic farms and the ecology red line makes the local to conserve land. Land stock for village and town construction is a huge amount of potential resources. Redevelopment of land for village and town construction provides ensured land security for the smooth progress of urbanization. Combining village and town construction land use characteristics and making in-depth analysis of the difficulties in the redevelopment of village and town construction and its inner mechanism, policies and suggestions were proposed for the redevelopment of village and town construction land in terms of land property, land price, market allocation, planning, surveillance and so on, so as to provide valuable reference for the smooth redevelopment of village and town construction land, and the system design of villages and towns.

The Transfer of Land Contractual Management Rights in Ethnic Village--A Case Study of Ya'ergou Village in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Based on field survey in Ya'ergou Village,Yuanzhou District,Guyuan City,the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,we analyze the status quo of the transfer of land contractual management rights in this village,and study the basic information,form,characteristics,and problems concerning the transfer of land contractual management rights in this nationality village.Then corresponding countermeasures are put forward for promoting the transfer of land contractual management rights in ethnic village as follows:strengthening the publicity of the policy in order to improve farmers' ideological understanding;raising the rent in order to promote the transfer of the land contractual management rights;diverting the governmental investment to the talented people within village;consolidating management and resolving disputes in the transfer timely and effectively.

Thoughts on the Village Planning in the Context of Land Spatial Planning:A Case Study of Wentang Village,Yichun City,Jiangxi Province

Village planning is an important part of land spatial planning and an important measure to implement rural strategy.At present,the preparation of village planning is not complete,and the establishment of technical guidelines is not systematic.Therefore,the course of the development of domestic village planning and the common problems are analyzed.Taking Wentang Village,Yichun City,Jiangxi Province as an example,this paper considers the contents of land use,industrial development,residential layout,ecological environment renovation and historical and cultural inheritance from the perspective of multi-plan integration.This paper discusses the establishment method of the new round of village planning,and puts forward the safeguard measures for the implementation of the planning,so as to provide reference for the establishment of the new round of village planning.

Analysis on the Transition of Resource-based Rural Land Use in the Context of Rural Revitalization:A Case Study of Taolingou Village,Yangquan City,Shanxi Province

The key to the transformation of resource-based rural economy lies in the land use transition,which has important theoretical and practical significance for the reconstruction of rural values and the promotion of rural revitalization.Taking Taolingou Village in Yangquan City,Shanxi Province as an example,on the basis of expounding the concept and connotation of land use transition,this paper analyzes the evolution trend of resource-based rural land use transition,explores the driving force of resource-based rural land use transition and clearly puts forward the measures to strengthen the transformation of resource-based rural land use in the context of rural revitalization.The analysis shows that the land use of Taolingou Village is transforming towards the trend of sustainability,putting people first and multi-function,which is consistent with the strategic goal of rural revitalization.The driving force of land use transition in Taolingou Village includes four aspects,namely,industrial structure,economic factors,development policy and contradiction between human and land.Adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure,protecting the ecological environment,perfecting relevant policies and regulations,and controlling the overall population are the effective measures for Taolingou Village to realize the land use transition.This case study is expected to provide a useful reference for the land use transition in other resource-based rural areas.

Exploration and Innovation of Village Planning Compilation Based on the Background of Land Space Planning

Compilation work of land space planning at village level is important point in promoting the strategy of rural revitalization and the key for specific implementation of land space planning.Based on analyzing the existing problems in the planning at village level in China,overall guidelines and specific measures of land space planning compilation at village level are proposed,and some thoughts and suggestions on how to perfect its legal status,considering regional characteristics and valuing landscape design are put forward.

Relationship between Sustainable Land Use and Rural Economic Development:A Case Study of Meining Village,Pingma Town in Guangxi

For a long time,rural economic development has put economic benefits in the first place,ignoring the impact of unreasonable land use on local land resources and ecological environment,which is not conducive to the long-term high-quality development of local economy and sustainable land use.There is an urgent need to study the relationship between sustainable land use and rural economic development in order to achieve the coordinated development of the two.By using the methods of literature research and field investigation,this paper studies Meining Village,Tiandong County,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The study found that farmers tend to plant pure eucalyptus forest,single land use structure,short-term rotation planting model and traditional afforestation and land preparation technology are not conducive to sustainable land use in forest areas,and affected by economic and educational factors,farmers livelihood is relatively simple,so the development of rural economy will be restricted.In view of the above problems,this paper puts forward the following solutions:changing the land use model of Meining Village to promote sustainable land use;introducing advanced science and technology and diversified livelihood ways to promote the sustainable development of rural economy;building a virtuous circle of sustainable land use and rural economic development.

Consolidation Potential of Rural Residential Areas Based on the Village Classification

From the perspective of village classification, a set of methods for accurately measuring the potential of rural settlement consolidation are proposed. Taking Feicheng in Shandong Province as the research area, combined with the corresponding planning, a classification and evaluation system for rural residential areas was constructed to classify rural residential areas from the four levels of natural resources, economy and society, supporting facilities and livability. The theoretical and practical potential of one type of rural settlements (relocating and merger village) is mainly calculated, and the potential scale, potential level and potential spatial distribution of different regions are analyzed. (Level and spatial distribution are analyzed. The results showed that the 621 rural settlements can be divided into five types: 148 urban-rural integration villages (URIV), 41 historical and cultural villages (HCV), 56 cluster developing villages (CDV), 155 keeping and limiting villages (KLV) and 221 relocating and merger villages (RMV). According to calculations, the theoretical potential of relocating and merger village areas was 1971.47 hm2, accounting for 19.52% of the total scale of Feicheng residential areas;the comprehensive correction coefficient of each region was 0.48 - 0.70, and the revised actual potential is 1082.68 hm2, accounting for the theoretical potential 54.92% of the total. There were large spatial differences in the scale of potential in different regions. In general, the theoretical and practical potential of the central and southern regions was higher than that of the northern regions.

Differentiation of Rural Households′ Consciousness in Land Use Activities: A Case from Bailin Village, Shapingba District of Chongqing Municipality, China

What rural households think and what kind of strategies they take, the basic driving force in land use activities, contribute greatly to the increase of their own revenues, the development of agricultural yields, and even the prosperity of rural areas. Differentiation in rural household behaviors and their consciousness in land use activities is widespread in rural China nowadays. It is important to understand the changing characteristics and laws of land use behaviors of rural households driven by their consciousness, so as to regulate their land use activities. In most empirical studies of land use change at rural household level, the land use consciousness, which acts directly on land use behaviors, is often neglected. In our research, the changes of land use behaviors of rural households are analyzed, through identifying how the land use consciousness affect the land use objectives, land management scales and land inputs of all the rural households in Bailin Village of Chongqing Municipality in the western mountainous China. Also, how the land use consciousness of different rural households comes into being under external stimuli is examined and the self-adjustment process of their consciousness according to their own conditions is also discussed. Finally, broad policy instruments are suggested to promote the rationalization of rural households′ land use consciousness and the standardization of their land use behaviors.

Prospects and Challenges of Village Land Forest Reserves Management in Mbarali District, Tanzania

Prospects and challenges of Village Lands Forest Reserves (VLFRs) in Mbarali district, southern Tanzania were investigated. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys, in-depth key informant interviews, physical field visits and documentary reviews. A total of 44 subjects were involved in the study. SPSS, Microsoft Excel and content analysis were used in data analysis. Findings indicated that inadequate capacity building, passive community participation and involvement in VLFRs management fostered the continued forest degradation and deforestation in the study area. It was further observed that on average 2.04 ha of forest was being lost every year through anthropogenic activities, mainly farm expansion, charcoal business and firewood. In order to achieve VLFRs sustainability, the study recommends improvement of relationship and coordination among VLFRs key stakeholders, participatory preparation of forest management plans, enforcement of community forest management bylaws, and use of energy saving stoves to reduce overdependence on forests as source of energy.

Corruption of Village Cadres and Construction of Clean Government in Rural Land Management in China

This paper analyzed the types and causes of corruption of village cadres in rural land management in China. On the basis of current corruption situation,it came up with recommendations including improving the financial system at the village level,establishing land information network,and reforming functions of village committees in the land management,in order to prevent corruption of village cadres in the land management and establish and improve the clean government mechanism for village cadres.

Coupling Relationship between Integrated Land Consolidation and Farmland Scale Management in Villages over Coal Resources:A Case Study of Zezhou County in Shanxi Province

Through field sampling survey of 18 villages over coal resources in 3 townships and towns in Zezhou County,Jincheng City,Shanxi Province,this paper analyzed the favorable conditions and obstacles for villages over coal resources to carry out farmland scale management.On this basis,combined with the integrated land consolidation measures in villages over coal resources and their effectiveness,and using the principles of system dynamics,it studied the coupling relationship between integrated land consolidation in villages over coal resources and farmland scale management and built a coupling model.It found that the integrated land consolidation system of villages over coal resources has a coupling relationship with the external and internal conditions of the farmland scale management system at the regional and project scales.The two systems interact with and influence each other through the"bridge"of"agricultural modernization condition".The study indicates that at the same time of integrated land consolidation of villages over coal resources caring about the improvement of internal conditions,it is also necessary to improve the external conditions of farmland scale management through regional scale measures such as laws and policies,to support the implementation of land consolidation projects,and realize farmland scale management.

Social Security of Land-losing Farmers in Urban Demolition——A Case of Hedong Village, Chengzhong District,Liuzhou City

Based on the survey of peasants from 40 households who are chosen at random and have lost their land in the Hedong Village of Liuzhou, the status quo of land expropriation and social security of land-losing peasants are expounded. The social security problems of peasants in urban demolition and peasantsh desperate demands are analyzed as follows. For example, the Main problems after the peasants losing their lands cover the substandard of resettlement, which can not maintain the former living standard; the source of income has changed and the relevant security mechanism has not been established; the peasants who have lost their land are in desperate need of more stable jobs and stable income. In view of the current situation, the countermeasures and suggestions for establishing social security mechanism for peasants who have lost their land are put forward. The measures cover establishing the subsistence allowances for land-losing peasants; establishing the guarantee system for aged people; building medical care system; providing employment and training opportunity, trying to increase the channels of employment for farmers and fostering the employment security system for peasants who have lost their land.

旅游型传统村落用地与空间格局演变微尺度分析——以陕西省礼泉县袁家村为例

以陕西省礼泉县袁家村为例,基于Google Earth高精度遥感图像,运用参与式乡村评估、ArcGIS空间分析、空间句法等方法分析乡村旅游发展中村庄用地功能及村庄空间格局的演变,探讨旅游干预对村庄空间格局的影响。结果表明:(1)2002—2022年袁家村空间格局发生明显变化,表现为土地利用类型由村民生活生产主导转变为旅游发展所需,致使村庄空间结构由村民居住空间为中心的单核心放射状转向旅游空间为主的多核心密集型;(2)乡村旅游促使空间关系网络趋向复杂化,同时在土地功能细碎化过程中村庄交通空间的稳定性和空间结构主导性凸显;(3)袁家村空间格局演变受市场需求和政府调控等多方面因素推动,村民的积极响应和空间功能的理性更新是其中关键作用力。

东北黑土区农村宅基地功能转型特征与机制研究——以海伦市长华村为例

研究目的:揭示东北黑土区村域尺度农村宅基地功能转型特征与驱动机制,探寻“三权分置”制度框架下宅基地的活化利用与有效管理对策。研究方法:实地调查法和案例研究法。研究结果:(1)东北黑土区内农村宅基地的居住功能弱化,农业生产功能增强,宅基地功能由居住功能主导向居住、生产二元复合功能或农业生产功能为主导转变;(2)村域尺度内,农村宅基地功能转型的阶段特征明显,空间上表现为与中心村的距离越远,宅基地功能转型程度越剧烈;(3)在城镇化等外缘要素的影响下,乡村地域系统内人口和产业的变化共同驱动农村宅基地功能转型;(4)农村宅基地“三权分置”的制度框架下,结合农村宅基地功能组合和利用状态,引导农户选择适宜的宅基地利用方式,有利于促进宅基地利用效率提升。研究结论:东北黑土区农村宅基地功能正在经历转型过程,应根据宅基地功能转型阶段特征,深化农村宅基地“三权分置”改革,筛选适宜的宅基地利用与管理方式。

“三生”空间视角下苏南水网乡村景观生态风险评价——以石头潭片区为例

苏南水网乡村是新型城镇化建设的先行区,然而快速经济建设对“三生”空间景观格局造成较大干扰,引发的景观生态风险变化值得关注。研究以苏州市石头潭片区为例,选取1990、2000、2010、2020年4期土地利用数据,基于景观格局指数构建景观生态风险评价模型,定量分析研究区“三生”空间景观生态风险时空分异特征。结果表明,1)1990-2020年石头潭片区“三生”空间面积变化显著。生态空间面积稳步增加;农业生产空间面积逐年缩减;工业生产空间、城镇生活空间与农村生活空间扩张显著。“三生”空间类型转移以农业生产空间转向城镇生活空间与工业生产空间为主。2)研究区“三生”空间与景观生态风险存在关联性,高风险区主要分布于澄湖等水域生态空间,中风险区主要为沿湖荡分布的农业生产空间与农村生活空间,低风险区多为成片聚集分布的城镇生活空间与工业生产空间。1990-2020年石头潭片区景观生态风险等级不断上升,较高、高风险区面积逐步扩张,面积占比分别上升14.43%、7.50%。3)石头潭片区景观生态风险存在显著空间正相关性;生态风险指数空间分布以高-高与低-低聚集为主,空间分异特征明显。

分级治理:乡村旅游开发中的基层治理秩序再造——基于豫北Y村的田野调查

产业兴旺、生活富裕与治理有序共同构成了乡村振兴的基础。基于豫北的田野调查发现,乡村旅游开发提高了农民的非农就业机会与家庭收入,但也造成了村庄开发的混乱局面,建立在土地之上单一利益主体间的互动转变为多方利益主体的博弈。在新的关系互动模式下,村庄内形成了土地利益分化的差序格局,集体土地分配规则的公共性与权威弱化,基于土地调整、分配的层级治理秩序受到冲击,导致了村级治理的困境。要实现不同利益主体博弈的平衡,必须重新构建发展型村庄的治理体系,即由村一级负责对接村庄发展性任务,承担村庄的土地经营与产业发展,同时落实相应基础设施建设和资源分配,保证村庄内部发展的整体性公平;而组一级负责对接村庄常规性事务,负责对农民的组织和动员,同时参与村庄经济发展的监督与收益分配,保证村庄事务推进的公开透明性,以此通过权力、责任和利益的协调,重构村组之间的利益连带关系,形成村组之间相互嵌入的新层级治理体系与基层治理效力。

集约用地视角下生态敏感区村庄用地更新研究——以北海大健康生态新区为例

在我国土地资源稀缺、大量空间需求矛盾及大力实施乡村振兴战略的背景下,村庄用地更新成为获取建设空间增量的有效手段,尤其是生态敏感区内的村庄,建设用地的合理布局对于区域生态系统与人类活动之间的平衡具有重要意义。文章以广西壮族自治区北海市大健康生态新区的规划实践为例,探讨集约用地理念下的生态敏感区村庄用地更新方法,首先对现状生态环境和用地布局进行解译,归纳其生态基底特征、用地布局形式与实践难题;其次提出集约用地布局策略,包括确定建设用地及空间管制分区、制定生态保护与安全韧性策略、解译并延续现状肌理与用地模式、植入功能业态与风貌协调,以期为生态敏感区的村庄用地更新实践提供参考。

镇村布局规划实施效果评价方法研究

开展镇村布局规划实施效果评价,可以为决策优化和方案调整提供科学依据。本文结合高分辨率遥感影像与国土三调数据,通过面向对象变化检测方法,提取集聚提升类、城郊融合类、特色保护类、拆迁撤并类村庄的建设用地变化图斑,在两期建设用地图斑的基础上,构建建设用地变化量与紧凑度指标,开展村庄建设进程和村庄形态的分析评价,并以盱眙县穆店镇为例,对2019—2022年近期规划的四类村庄进行方法验证,为不同村庄的发展提供适宜的规划建议。