Background Previous studies have shown that an echocardiographic right/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio(RV/LV ratio)≥0.9 is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary emb...Background Previous studies have shown that an echocardiographic right/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio(RV/LV ratio)≥0.9 is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. The prognostic value of the RV/LV ratio in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension(IPAH) is still unknown. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 95 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed IPAH and 16 of them were reevaluated by echocardiography at 3-12 months following targeted therapy.Follow-up data were obtained by telephone interviews and review of the patients’ records.Results The RV/LV ratio was in parallel with the severity of World Health Orgnization(WHO) functional class and mean right atrial pressure.The RV/LV ratio was positively correlated with total pulmonary resistance(P P P 2 saturation(P P = 0.001),weight and absence of targeted therapy were independent predictors of death.No significant changes in the RV/LV ratio before and after targeted therapy were observed. A baseline RV/LV ratio≥0.84 or a further increase in the RV/LV ratio during targeted therapy indicated a poor prognosis. Conclusions The RV/LV ratio helps to assess the severity of IPAH and serves as an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with IPAH.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronary artery stenosis(CAS)is the most common type of heart disease and the leading cause of death in both men and women globally.CAS occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle harden ...BACKGROUND Coronary artery stenosis(CAS)is the most common type of heart disease and the leading cause of death in both men and women globally.CAS occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle harden and become narrower due to plaque buildup-cholesterol and other material-on their inner walls.As a result,the heart muscle cannot receive the blood or oxygen it needs.Most heart attacks happen when a blood clot suddenly cuts off the hearts'blood supply,causing permanent heart damage.AIM To analyze the relationship between the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular strain(LVS),and coronary stenosis.METHODS A total of 190 participants were enrolled in this trail.The control group comprised 93 healthy individuals,and observation group comprised 97 patients with coronary heart disease who were hospitalized between July 2020 and September 2021.Coronary lesions were assessed using the Gensini score,and the LVEF and LVS were measured using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The interaction between the LVEF and LVS was examined using a linear regression model.The relationship between LVEF and coronary stenosis was examined using Spearman’s correlation.RESULTS The LVEF of the observation group was lower than that of the control group.The left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV)and left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The longitudinal and circumferential strains(LS,CS)of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group;however,the radial strain(RS)of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).LVS,LS,and CS were significantly negatively correlated with the LVEF,and RS was positively correlated with the LVEF.There were significant differences in the LVEF,LVESV,and LVEDV of patients with different Gensini scores;the LVEF significantly decreased and the LVESV and LVEDV increased with increasing Gensini scores(P<0.05).In the observation group,the LVEF was negatively correlated and the LVESV and LVEDV were positively correlated with coronary stenosis(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The LVEF measured using MRI is significantly linearly correlated with LVS and negatively correlated with coronary stenosis.展开更多
A 54-year-old female patient with congenital heart disease had a persistent complete left bundle branch block three months after closure by an Amplatzer ventricular septal defect occluder. Nine months later, the patie...A 54-year-old female patient with congenital heart disease had a persistent complete left bundle branch block three months after closure by an Amplatzer ventricular septal defect occluder. Nine months later, the patient suffered from chest distress, palpitation, and sweating at daily activities, and her 6-min walk distance decreased significantly （155 m）. Her echocardiography showed increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter with left ventricular ejection fraction of 37%. Her symptoms reduced significantly one week after received cardiac resynchronization therapy. She had no symptoms at daily activities, and her echo showed left ventricular ejection fraction of 46%and 53%. Moreover, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased 6 and 10 months after cardiac resynchronization therapy, and 6-min walk dis-tance remarkably increased. This case demonstrated that persistent complete left bundle branch block for nine months after transcatheter closure with ventricular septal defect Amplatzer occluder could lead to left ventricular enlargement and a significant decrease in left ventricular systolic function. Cardiac resynchronization therapy decreased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and increased left ventricular ejection fraction, thereby improving the patient’s heart functions.展开更多
Speckle tracking imaging （STI） was employed to investigate the effect of right ventricular （RV） volume and pressure overload on left ventricular （LV） rotation and twist in 35 patients with atrial septal defect ...Speckle tracking imaging （STI） was employed to investigate the effect of right ventricular （RV） volume and pressure overload on left ventricular （LV） rotation and twist in 35 patients with atrial septal defect （ASD）, 18 of which with pulmonary hypertension, and 21 healthy subjects serving as controls. The peak rotations of 6 segments at the basal and apical short-axises and the average peak rotation and interval time of the 6 segments in the opposite direction during early systolic phase were measured respectively. LV twist versus time profile was drawn and the peak twist and time to peak twist were calculated. LV ejection fraction （EF） was measured by Biplane Simpson. Compared to ASD patients without pulmonary hypertension and healthy subjects, the peak rotations of posterior, inferior and postsept walls at the basal level were lower （P〈0.05）, and the average counterclockwise peak rotation of 6 segments at the basal level during early systolic phase was higher （P〈0.05）, and the average interval time was delayed （P〈0.05）. LV peak twist was also lower （P〈0.05）, and had a significant negative correlation with pulmonary arterial systolic pressure （r=-0.57, P=0.001）. No significant differences were found in LVEF among the three groups. It was suggested that although RV volume overload due to ASD has no significant effects on LV rotation and twist, LV peak twist is lower in ASD patients with pulmonary hypertension. Thus LV twist may serve as a new indicator of the presence of pulmonary hypertension in ASD patients.展开更多
The corrected shunt flow rate (Fc ) and corrected defect orifice area (Ac) were calculated by modified equation F= 2πR2 ×(NL-VL.voT× Sinθ) in 23 patients with single membranous ventricular septal defect, i...The corrected shunt flow rate (Fc ) and corrected defect orifice area (Ac) were calculated by modified equation F= 2πR2 ×(NL-VL.voT× Sinθ) in 23 patients with single membranous ventricular septal defect, in order to correct the ef fect of left ventricular outflow on flow convergence region on the left septa1 sur-face. The results indicated that F. was closely correlated with Qp -Q5. and Qp/Q5measured by pulsed wave Doppler (r = 0. 95 and r = 0. 81 respectively, P < 0.001 ). And the correlation between A. and the diameter of defect (Dd) rneasureddirectly in two-dimensional views was better than that between uncorrected defectorifice area (A ) and the Dd (r = O- 98 and O- 69, respectively, P< O. Ool ). Theshunt flow rate calculated by ideal equation F= 2ffR2 X NL overestimated the actu-al shunt flow rate in ventricular septal defect, especialIy in mernbranous type.Our study concluded that F. can be used for a more accurate eva1uation of theshunt severity of ventricular septal defect.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the permanent high interventricular septal pacing in a long term follow up, as alternative to right ventricular apical pacing. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated:(1) 244 ...AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the permanent high interventricular septal pacing in a long term follow up, as alternative to right ventricular apical pacing. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated:(1) 244 patients(74 ± 8 years; 169 men, 75 women) implanted with a single(132 pts) or dual chamber(112 pts) pacemaker(PM) with ventricular screw-in lead placed at the right ventricular high septal parahisian site(SEPTAL pacing);(2) 22 patients with permanent pacemaker and low percentage of pacing(< 20%)(NO pacing);(3) 33 patients with high percentage(> 80%) right ventricular apical pacing(RVA). All patients had a narrow spontaneous QRS(101 ± 14 ms). We evaluated New York Heart Association(NYHA) class, quality of life(Qo L), 6 min walking test(6MWT) and left ventricular function(end-diastolic volume, LV-EDV; end-systolic volume, LVESV; ejection fraction, LV-EF) with 2D-echocardiography. RESULTS: Pacing parameters were stable duringfollow up(21 mo/patient). In SEPTAL pacing group we observed an improvement in NYHA class, Qo L score and 6MWT. While LV-EDV didn't significantly increase(104 ± 40 m L vs 100 ± 37 m L; P = 0.35), LV-ESV slightly increased(55 ± 31 m L vs 49 ± 27 m L; P = 0.05) and LV-EF slightly decreased(49% ± 11% vs 53% ± 11%; P = 0.001) but never falling < 45%. In the RVA pacing control group we observed a worsening of NYHA class and an important reduction of LV-EF(from 56% ± 6% to 43% ± 9%, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Right ventricular permanent high septal pacing is safe and effective in a long term follow up evaluation; it could be a good alternative to the conventional RVA pacing in order to avoid its deleterious effects.展开更多
目的探讨左束支区域起搏与右心室间隔起搏技术对老年患者左心室收缩同步性、心功能的影响。方法回顾性选取2022年2月至2023年3月期间于郴州市第一人民医院心血管内科接受永久性心脏起搏器植入术治疗的80例老年患者的临床资料,根据心脏...目的探讨左束支区域起搏与右心室间隔起搏技术对老年患者左心室收缩同步性、心功能的影响。方法回顾性选取2022年2月至2023年3月期间于郴州市第一人民医院心血管内科接受永久性心脏起搏器植入术治疗的80例老年患者的临床资料,根据心脏起搏电极植入部位分为两组,即对照组、观察组各40例。对照组患者于右心室间隔处植入心脏起搏器,观察组患者于左束支区域植入心脏起搏器。分别于患者心脏起搏器植入术后1个月、术后6个月、术后12个月观察各指标变化,包括左心室收缩同步性参数[左心室收缩期纵向应变达峰时间标准差(time to peak longitudinal strain standard deviation,Tls-SD)、最大差值(time to peak longitudinal strain maximum difference,Tls-dif),左心室收缩期径向应变达峰时间标准差(time to peak radial strain standard deviation,Trs-SD)、最大差值(time to peak radial strain maximum difference,Trs-dif),左心室收缩期环向应变达峰时间标准差(time to peak circumferential strain standard deviation,Tcs-SD)、最大差值(time to peak circumferential strain maximum difference,Tcs-dif)]以及心功能指标[左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、心排血量(cardiac output,CO)、心脏指数(cardiac index,CI)]、心腔大小[右心房内径(right atrial inner diameter,RAD)、左心房内径(left atrial diameter,LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end systolic diameter,LVESD)]、氨基末端脑钠肽前体(N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)浓度等。于术后12个月测定起搏参数(感知、阈值、阻抗、心室起搏比例),并统计心脏起搏器植入术后12个月内心力衰竭再入院、死亡等不良事件发生情况。结果术后各时间点观察组心功能指标LVEF、CO、CI略高于对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后各时间点观察组心腔大小指标RAD、LAD、LVEDD、LVESD低于对照组,尤其是术后12个月[RAD:(36.63±2.22)mm vs.(40.13±1.61)mm,LAD:(31.09±1.14)mm vs.(38.32±1.08)mm,LVEDD:(49.76±3.22)mm vs.(54.63±3.14)mm,LVESD:(40.64±2.11)mm vs.(48.11±3.24)mm,P<0.05]。术后各时间点观察组左心室收缩同步性指标LSDI、Tls-SD、Tls-dif、Trs-SD、Trs-dif、Tcs-SD、Tcs-dif均低于对照组,尤其是术后12个月[LSDI:4.86%±0.83%vs.9.49%±0.48%,Tls-SD:(14.42±1.78)ms vs.(25.00±1.43)ms,Tls-dif:(50.92±4.53)ms vs.(90.17±8.41)ms,Trs-SD:(50.37±4.33)ms vs.(69.44±6.52)ms,Trs-dif:(141.03±15.64)ms vs.(179.04±18.42)ms,Tcs-SD:(37.85±3.41)ms vs.(48.10±4.62)ms,Tcs-dif:(130.09±14.53)ms vs.(158.09±18.57)ms,P<0.05]。术后各时间点观察组NT-proBNP浓度略低于对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组起搏程控参数起搏感知、阻抗比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组起搏阈值低于对照组[(0.66±0.10)V vs.(0.75±0.12)V,P<0.05];两组起搏程控参数起搏感知、阻抗、阈值均处于正常范围。观察组心室起搏比例低于对照组(43.23%±4.53%vs.73.43%±6.56%,P<0.05)。术后12个月观察组心力衰竭再入院发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(5.00%vs.22.50%,P<0.05)。结论左束支区域起搏技术在改善永久性心脏起搏器植入患者左心室收缩同步性、心功能方面优于右心室间隔起搏技术,术后12个月不良事件发生率较低,更有利于保护心功能,起搏参数稳定,属于一种有效且安全的起搏技术。展开更多
We report a case of acute left ventricular failure at one hour after transcatheter closure of a secundum atrial septal defect （ASD） in a 28-year-old man with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Afforded noninvasive mechani...We report a case of acute left ventricular failure at one hour after transcatheter closure of a secundum atrial septal defect （ASD） in a 28-year-old man with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Afforded noninvasive mechanical ventilation and the administration of intravenous morphine and high doses of furosemide, the patient exhibited improvement of his clinical condition, redtion of pulmonary congestion at chest X-ray, and satisfactory blood gas analyses in twelve hours. Twentyfour hours later, the patient received oral administration of furosemide and metoprolol. After 7 days the patient was discharged in good clinical condition. At follow-up at 12 months, the patient had remained symptomatically improved from NYHA Class Ⅲ symptoms before the procedure to Class Ⅱ symptoms. There was no latent arrhythmia at the follow-up examination. Follow-up transthoracic echocardiography estimated an improvement of the left ventricular function. So,transcatheter closure of a secundum ASD in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is feasible, and a thorough understanding of the hemodynamic condition of ASD and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy will reduce the complication of ASD closure.展开更多
Introduction: To present a rare occurrence of “Swiss-cheese” defects of left ventricle in acute myocardial infarction. Case Report: A 64-year-old male with persistent ST segment elevation in anterior and inferior le...Introduction: To present a rare occurrence of “Swiss-cheese” defects of left ventricle in acute myocardial infarction. Case Report: A 64-year-old male with persistent ST segment elevation in anterior and inferior leads developed sudden deterioration within 2 days after thrombolysis. Echocardiography revealed ventricular septal and LV (left ventricular) free wall ruptures at multiple sites with contractile dysfunction and the patient died suddenly, followed by an episode of ventricular tachycardia. Discussion: Myocardial rupture may complicate in 10% of acute myocardial infarctions and it is the second most common cause of in-hospital mortality next to pump failure. It is responsible for 15% of in-hospital deaths and 50% died within 5 days and 82% died within two weeks of index infarction. Conclusion: Aggressive early diagnosis and surgery may confer a survival rate as high as 75%. The prognosis is grave in patients presented with cardiogenic shock and multiorgan dysfunction;surgery is best avoided and supportive medical therapy may be adequate in such cases.展开更多
文摘Background Previous studies have shown that an echocardiographic right/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio(RV/LV ratio)≥0.9 is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. The prognostic value of the RV/LV ratio in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension(IPAH) is still unknown. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 95 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed IPAH and 16 of them were reevaluated by echocardiography at 3-12 months following targeted therapy.Follow-up data were obtained by telephone interviews and review of the patients’ records.Results The RV/LV ratio was in parallel with the severity of World Health Orgnization(WHO) functional class and mean right atrial pressure.The RV/LV ratio was positively correlated with total pulmonary resistance(P P P 2 saturation(P P = 0.001),weight and absence of targeted therapy were independent predictors of death.No significant changes in the RV/LV ratio before and after targeted therapy were observed. A baseline RV/LV ratio≥0.84 or a further increase in the RV/LV ratio during targeted therapy indicated a poor prognosis. Conclusions The RV/LV ratio helps to assess the severity of IPAH and serves as an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with IPAH.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronary artery stenosis(CAS)is the most common type of heart disease and the leading cause of death in both men and women globally.CAS occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle harden and become narrower due to plaque buildup-cholesterol and other material-on their inner walls.As a result,the heart muscle cannot receive the blood or oxygen it needs.Most heart attacks happen when a blood clot suddenly cuts off the hearts'blood supply,causing permanent heart damage.AIM To analyze the relationship between the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular strain(LVS),and coronary stenosis.METHODS A total of 190 participants were enrolled in this trail.The control group comprised 93 healthy individuals,and observation group comprised 97 patients with coronary heart disease who were hospitalized between July 2020 and September 2021.Coronary lesions were assessed using the Gensini score,and the LVEF and LVS were measured using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The interaction between the LVEF and LVS was examined using a linear regression model.The relationship between LVEF and coronary stenosis was examined using Spearman’s correlation.RESULTS The LVEF of the observation group was lower than that of the control group.The left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV)and left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The longitudinal and circumferential strains(LS,CS)of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group;however,the radial strain(RS)of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).LVS,LS,and CS were significantly negatively correlated with the LVEF,and RS was positively correlated with the LVEF.There were significant differences in the LVEF,LVESV,and LVEDV of patients with different Gensini scores;the LVEF significantly decreased and the LVESV and LVEDV increased with increasing Gensini scores(P<0.05).In the observation group,the LVEF was negatively correlated and the LVESV and LVEDV were positively correlated with coronary stenosis(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The LVEF measured using MRI is significantly linearly correlated with LVS and negatively correlated with coronary stenosis.
文摘A 54-year-old female patient with congenital heart disease had a persistent complete left bundle branch block three months after closure by an Amplatzer ventricular septal defect occluder. Nine months later, the patient suffered from chest distress, palpitation, and sweating at daily activities, and her 6-min walk distance decreased significantly （155 m）. Her echocardiography showed increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter with left ventricular ejection fraction of 37%. Her symptoms reduced significantly one week after received cardiac resynchronization therapy. She had no symptoms at daily activities, and her echo showed left ventricular ejection fraction of 46%and 53%. Moreover, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased 6 and 10 months after cardiac resynchronization therapy, and 6-min walk dis-tance remarkably increased. This case demonstrated that persistent complete left bundle branch block for nine months after transcatheter closure with ventricular septal defect Amplatzer occluder could lead to left ventricular enlargement and a significant decrease in left ventricular systolic function. Cardiac resynchronization therapy decreased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and increased left ventricular ejection fraction, thereby improving the patient’s heart functions.
文摘Speckle tracking imaging （STI） was employed to investigate the effect of right ventricular （RV） volume and pressure overload on left ventricular （LV） rotation and twist in 35 patients with atrial septal defect （ASD）, 18 of which with pulmonary hypertension, and 21 healthy subjects serving as controls. The peak rotations of 6 segments at the basal and apical short-axises and the average peak rotation and interval time of the 6 segments in the opposite direction during early systolic phase were measured respectively. LV twist versus time profile was drawn and the peak twist and time to peak twist were calculated. LV ejection fraction （EF） was measured by Biplane Simpson. Compared to ASD patients without pulmonary hypertension and healthy subjects, the peak rotations of posterior, inferior and postsept walls at the basal level were lower （P〈0.05）, and the average counterclockwise peak rotation of 6 segments at the basal level during early systolic phase was higher （P〈0.05）, and the average interval time was delayed （P〈0.05）. LV peak twist was also lower （P〈0.05）, and had a significant negative correlation with pulmonary arterial systolic pressure （r=-0.57, P=0.001）. No significant differences were found in LVEF among the three groups. It was suggested that although RV volume overload due to ASD has no significant effects on LV rotation and twist, LV peak twist is lower in ASD patients with pulmonary hypertension. Thus LV twist may serve as a new indicator of the presence of pulmonary hypertension in ASD patients.
文摘The corrected shunt flow rate (Fc ) and corrected defect orifice area (Ac) were calculated by modified equation F= 2πR2 ×(NL-VL.voT× Sinθ) in 23 patients with single membranous ventricular septal defect, in order to correct the ef fect of left ventricular outflow on flow convergence region on the left septa1 sur-face. The results indicated that F. was closely correlated with Qp -Q5. and Qp/Q5measured by pulsed wave Doppler (r = 0. 95 and r = 0. 81 respectively, P < 0.001 ). And the correlation between A. and the diameter of defect (Dd) rneasureddirectly in two-dimensional views was better than that between uncorrected defectorifice area (A ) and the Dd (r = O- 98 and O- 69, respectively, P< O. Ool ). Theshunt flow rate calculated by ideal equation F= 2ffR2 X NL overestimated the actu-al shunt flow rate in ventricular septal defect, especialIy in mernbranous type.Our study concluded that F. can be used for a more accurate eva1uation of theshunt severity of ventricular septal defect.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the permanent high interventricular septal pacing in a long term follow up, as alternative to right ventricular apical pacing. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated:(1) 244 patients(74 ± 8 years; 169 men, 75 women) implanted with a single(132 pts) or dual chamber(112 pts) pacemaker(PM) with ventricular screw-in lead placed at the right ventricular high septal parahisian site(SEPTAL pacing);(2) 22 patients with permanent pacemaker and low percentage of pacing(< 20%)(NO pacing);(3) 33 patients with high percentage(> 80%) right ventricular apical pacing(RVA). All patients had a narrow spontaneous QRS(101 ± 14 ms). We evaluated New York Heart Association(NYHA) class, quality of life(Qo L), 6 min walking test(6MWT) and left ventricular function(end-diastolic volume, LV-EDV; end-systolic volume, LVESV; ejection fraction, LV-EF) with 2D-echocardiography. RESULTS: Pacing parameters were stable duringfollow up(21 mo/patient). In SEPTAL pacing group we observed an improvement in NYHA class, Qo L score and 6MWT. While LV-EDV didn't significantly increase(104 ± 40 m L vs 100 ± 37 m L; P = 0.35), LV-ESV slightly increased(55 ± 31 m L vs 49 ± 27 m L; P = 0.05) and LV-EF slightly decreased(49% ± 11% vs 53% ± 11%; P = 0.001) but never falling < 45%. In the RVA pacing control group we observed a worsening of NYHA class and an important reduction of LV-EF(from 56% ± 6% to 43% ± 9%, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Right ventricular permanent high septal pacing is safe and effective in a long term follow up evaluation; it could be a good alternative to the conventional RVA pacing in order to avoid its deleterious effects.
文摘目的探讨左束支区域起搏与右心室间隔起搏技术对老年患者左心室收缩同步性、心功能的影响。方法回顾性选取2022年2月至2023年3月期间于郴州市第一人民医院心血管内科接受永久性心脏起搏器植入术治疗的80例老年患者的临床资料,根据心脏起搏电极植入部位分为两组,即对照组、观察组各40例。对照组患者于右心室间隔处植入心脏起搏器,观察组患者于左束支区域植入心脏起搏器。分别于患者心脏起搏器植入术后1个月、术后6个月、术后12个月观察各指标变化,包括左心室收缩同步性参数[左心室收缩期纵向应变达峰时间标准差(time to peak longitudinal strain standard deviation,Tls-SD)、最大差值(time to peak longitudinal strain maximum difference,Tls-dif),左心室收缩期径向应变达峰时间标准差(time to peak radial strain standard deviation,Trs-SD)、最大差值(time to peak radial strain maximum difference,Trs-dif),左心室收缩期环向应变达峰时间标准差(time to peak circumferential strain standard deviation,Tcs-SD)、最大差值(time to peak circumferential strain maximum difference,Tcs-dif)]以及心功能指标[左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、心排血量(cardiac output,CO)、心脏指数(cardiac index,CI)]、心腔大小[右心房内径(right atrial inner diameter,RAD)、左心房内径(left atrial diameter,LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end systolic diameter,LVESD)]、氨基末端脑钠肽前体(N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)浓度等。于术后12个月测定起搏参数(感知、阈值、阻抗、心室起搏比例),并统计心脏起搏器植入术后12个月内心力衰竭再入院、死亡等不良事件发生情况。结果术后各时间点观察组心功能指标LVEF、CO、CI略高于对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后各时间点观察组心腔大小指标RAD、LAD、LVEDD、LVESD低于对照组,尤其是术后12个月[RAD:(36.63±2.22)mm vs.(40.13±1.61)mm,LAD:(31.09±1.14)mm vs.(38.32±1.08)mm,LVEDD:(49.76±3.22)mm vs.(54.63±3.14)mm,LVESD:(40.64±2.11)mm vs.(48.11±3.24)mm,P<0.05]。术后各时间点观察组左心室收缩同步性指标LSDI、Tls-SD、Tls-dif、Trs-SD、Trs-dif、Tcs-SD、Tcs-dif均低于对照组,尤其是术后12个月[LSDI:4.86%±0.83%vs.9.49%±0.48%,Tls-SD:(14.42±1.78)ms vs.(25.00±1.43)ms,Tls-dif:(50.92±4.53)ms vs.(90.17±8.41)ms,Trs-SD:(50.37±4.33)ms vs.(69.44±6.52)ms,Trs-dif:(141.03±15.64)ms vs.(179.04±18.42)ms,Tcs-SD:(37.85±3.41)ms vs.(48.10±4.62)ms,Tcs-dif:(130.09±14.53)ms vs.(158.09±18.57)ms,P<0.05]。术后各时间点观察组NT-proBNP浓度略低于对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组起搏程控参数起搏感知、阻抗比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组起搏阈值低于对照组[(0.66±0.10)V vs.(0.75±0.12)V,P<0.05];两组起搏程控参数起搏感知、阻抗、阈值均处于正常范围。观察组心室起搏比例低于对照组(43.23%±4.53%vs.73.43%±6.56%,P<0.05)。术后12个月观察组心力衰竭再入院发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(5.00%vs.22.50%,P<0.05)。结论左束支区域起搏技术在改善永久性心脏起搏器植入患者左心室收缩同步性、心功能方面优于右心室间隔起搏技术,术后12个月不良事件发生率较低,更有利于保护心功能,起搏参数稳定,属于一种有效且安全的起搏技术。
文摘We report a case of acute left ventricular failure at one hour after transcatheter closure of a secundum atrial septal defect （ASD） in a 28-year-old man with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Afforded noninvasive mechanical ventilation and the administration of intravenous morphine and high doses of furosemide, the patient exhibited improvement of his clinical condition, redtion of pulmonary congestion at chest X-ray, and satisfactory blood gas analyses in twelve hours. Twentyfour hours later, the patient received oral administration of furosemide and metoprolol. After 7 days the patient was discharged in good clinical condition. At follow-up at 12 months, the patient had remained symptomatically improved from NYHA Class Ⅲ symptoms before the procedure to Class Ⅱ symptoms. There was no latent arrhythmia at the follow-up examination. Follow-up transthoracic echocardiography estimated an improvement of the left ventricular function. So,transcatheter closure of a secundum ASD in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is feasible, and a thorough understanding of the hemodynamic condition of ASD and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy will reduce the complication of ASD closure.
文摘Introduction: To present a rare occurrence of “Swiss-cheese” defects of left ventricle in acute myocardial infarction. Case Report: A 64-year-old male with persistent ST segment elevation in anterior and inferior leads developed sudden deterioration within 2 days after thrombolysis. Echocardiography revealed ventricular septal and LV (left ventricular) free wall ruptures at multiple sites with contractile dysfunction and the patient died suddenly, followed by an episode of ventricular tachycardia. Discussion: Myocardial rupture may complicate in 10% of acute myocardial infarctions and it is the second most common cause of in-hospital mortality next to pump failure. It is responsible for 15% of in-hospital deaths and 50% died within 5 days and 82% died within two weeks of index infarction. Conclusion: Aggressive early diagnosis and surgery may confer a survival rate as high as 75%. The prognosis is grave in patients presented with cardiogenic shock and multiorgan dysfunction;surgery is best avoided and supportive medical therapy may be adequate in such cases.
