Different treatment strategies and molecular features between right-sided and left-sided colon cancers

The colon is derived from the embryological midgut and hindgut separately,with the right colon and left colon having different features with regards to both anatomical and physiological characteristics.Cancers located in the right and left colon are referred to as right colon cancer(RCC) and left colon cancer(LCC),respectively,based on their apparent anatomical positions.Increasing evidence supports the notion that not only are there differences in treatment strategies when dealing with RCC and LCC,but molecular features also vary between them,not to mention the distinguishing clinical manifestations.Disease-free survival after radical surgery of both RCC and LCC are similar.In the treatment of RCC,the benefit gained from adjuvant FOLFIRI chemotherapy is superior,or at least similar,to LCC,but inferior to LCC if FOLFOX regimen is applied.On the other hand,metastatic LCC exhibits longer survival than that of RCC in a palliative chemotherapy setting.For KRAS wild-type cancers,LCC benefits more from cetuximab treatment than RCC.Moreover,advanced LCC shows a higher sensitivity to bevacizumab treatment in comparison with advanced RCC.Significant varieties exist at the molecular level between RCC and LCC,which may serve as the cause of all apparent differences.With respect to carcinogenesis mechanisms,RCC is associated with known gene types,such as MMR,KRAS,BRAF,and mi RNA-31,while LCC is associated with CIN,p53,NRAS,mi RNA-146 a,mi RNA-147 b,and mi RNA-1288.Regarding protein expression,RCC is related to GNAS,NQO1,telomerase activity,P-PDH,and annexin A10,while LCC is related to Topo I,TS,and EGFR.In addition,separated pathways dominate progressionto relapse in RCC and LCC.Therefore,RCC and LCC should be regarded as two heterogeneous entities,with this heterogeneity being used to stratify patients in order for them to have the optimal,current,and novel therapeutic strategies in clinical practice.Additional research is needed to uncover further differences between RCC and LCC.

Comparison of Clinicopathological and Survival Features of Right and Left Colon Cancers: Experience of the Medical Oncology Department of Fez

Right-sided colon cancers (RCC) and left-sided colon cancers (LCC) have different epidemiological, physiological, pathological, genetic, and clinical characteristics, which result in differences in the course, prognosis, and outcome of disease. The objective of our study is to compare right-sided colon cancers and left-sided colon cancers regarding clinicopathological and survival characteristics. This is a retrospective study of 664 patients with colon cancer treated at the medical oncology department of Fez over a period from December 2009 to September 2020. Rectosigmoid, descending colon, and splenic flexure tumors were considered left-sided colon cancers, whereas ascending colon tumors were considered right-sided colon cancers. The Kaplan Meier method was used to estimate median survival. The study included 664 patients (female, 47%) having colon cancer with a median age of 60 years (23 - 83). Of the patients, 78.5% (n = 519) had LCC and 19.36 % (n = 128) had RCC. The rate of patients aged ≥ 65 years and the rate of patients with a family history of colon cancer was higher in the LCC patients. The proportion of poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas represented 3%, of which 63% had cancer of the right colon. There was a significantly higher proportion of higher T stage (T3-4: 62% vs 38%) in right sided tumors as compared to left sided tumors. The rate of metastatic patients was 64.1% in the RCC group and 43% in the LCC group. The median follow-up period was 14 months in the RCC group and 19 months in the LCC group with higher median overall survival in the LCC group (32 vs 21 months). We found histopathological differences between right and left sided colon cancer. Tumors on the right colon were found to be more aggressive, as expressed by poorer differentiation, higher T stage associated with a median overall survival better in left colon cancer.

Right-and left-sided colorectal cancers respond differently to traditional Chinese medicine

AIM To explore the differences in the responses of left-sided colorectal cancer(LSCRC) and right-sided colon cancer(RSCC) to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).METHODS Patients with postoperative stage I-III colorectal cancer(CRC) were enrolled and divided into the LSCRC with or without TCM and RSCC with or without TCM groups depending on the primary tumor side and TCM administration. Patients in the TCM group were given TCM for at least 6 mo. Our research adopted diseasefree survival(DFS) as the primary endpoint. We applied a Cox proportional hazards regression model for the multivariate factor analysis using Stata 12.0 and SPSS 22.0 software for data analysis.RESULTS Of the 817 patients included in our study, 617 had LSCRC(TCM group, n = 404; Non-TCM group, n = 213), and 200 had RSCC(TCM group, n = 132; NonTCM group, n = 68). The 6-year DFS for patients with LSCRC was 56.95% in the TCM group and 41.50% in the Non-TCM group(P = 0.000). For patients with RSCC, the 6-year DFS was 52.92% in the TCM group and 37.19% in the Non-TCM group(P = 0.003). Differences between LSCRC and RSCC were not statistically significant regardless of TCM ingestion.CONCLUSION Patients with either LSCRC or RSCC and who took TCM experienced longer DFS; furthermore, patients with RSCC benefited more from TCM in DFS.

En bloc pancreaticoduodenectomy and right hemicolectomy for locally advanced right-sided colon cancer

AIM To assess the usefulness of en bloc right hemicolectomy with pancreaticoduodenectomy(RHCPD) for locally advanced right-sided colon cancer(LARCC).METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the database of Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, between January 2009 and December 2016. During this time, 299 patients underwent radical right hemicolectomy for right-sided colon cancer. Among them, 5 underwent RHCPD for LARCC with tumor infiltration to adjacent organs. Preoperative computed tomography(CT) was routinely performed to evaluate local tumor infiltration into adjacent organs. During the operation, we evaluated the resectability and the amount of infiltration into the adjacent organs without dissecting the adherent organs from the cancer. When we confirmed that radical resection was feasible and could lead to R0 resection, we performed RHCPD. The clinical data were carefully reviewed, and the demographic variables, intraoperative data, and postoperative parameters were recorded.RESULTS The median age of the 5 patients who underwent RHCPD for LARCC was 70 years. The tumors were located in the ascending colon(three patients) and transverse colon(two patients). Preoperative CT revealed infiltration of the tumor into the duodenum in all patients, the pancreas in four patients, the superior mesenteric vein(SMV) in two patients, and tumor thrombosis in the SMV in one patient. We performed RHCPD plus SMV resection in three patients. Major postoperative complications occurred in 3 patients(60%) as pancreatic fistula(grade B and grade C, according to International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula Definition) and delayed gastric empty. None of the patients died during their hospital stay. A histological examination confirmed malignant infiltration into the duodenum and/or pancreas in 4 patients(80%), and no patients showed any malignant infiltration into the SMV. Two patients were histologically confirmed to have tumor thrombosis in the SMV. All of the tumors had clear resection margins(R0). The median follow-up time was 77 mo. During this period, two patients with tumor thrombosis died from liver metastasis. The overall survival rates were 80% at 1 year and 60% at 5 years. All patients with node-negative status(n = 2) survived for more than seven years.CONCLUSION This study showed that the long-term survival is possible for patients with LARCC if RHCPD is performed successfully, particularly in those with node-negative status.

A Comparative Study of the Short-Term Efficacy of Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Right-Sided Colon Cancer with Two Different Surgeon Positions and Trocar Placements

Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection of right-sided colon cancer with two different surgeon positions and trocar placements. Methods: The data of 78 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection of right-sided colon cancer between January 2018 and August 2019 were retrospectively analysed. The surgical method was selected by the patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgeons’ positioning habits and trocar placements. The group with the lead surgeon standing between the patient’s legs had 35 patients, and the group with the lead surgeon standing at the left side of the patient had 43 patients. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative anal gas evacuation time, postoperative urinary catheter indwelling time, postoperative hospital stay, C-reactive protein (CRP) level on the first day after surgery, and postoperative pathological data and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: All patients underwent the laparoscopic radical resection of right-sided colon cancer, none converting to laparotomy. No significant difference (P > 0.05) in intraoperative blood loss (57.6 ± 21.3 ml vs 60.2 ± 35.3 ml), postoperative anal gas evacuation time (3.5 ± 1.1 d vs 3.8 ± 1.3 d), postoperative urinary catheter indwelling time (2.6 ± 1.3 d vs 2.4 ± 1.2 d), postoperative hospital stay (7.1 ± 1.8 d vs 7.5 ± 2.1 d), or CRP level on the first day after surgery (54.7 ± 9.6 mg/L vs 53.9 ± 8.2 mg/L) was detected between the two groups. The operation time was shorter in the group with the lead surgeon standing between the patient’s legs (185.2 ± 25.6 min vs 196.2 ±19.7 min) (P < 0.05). The two groups did not differ significantly in the tumour length (4.2 ± 1.3 cm vs 3.9 ± 1.5 cm), number of dissected lymph nodes (27.5 ± 11.6 vs 25.1 ± 15.4), pathological type, or postoperative pathological tumour-node-metastasis stage (P > 0.05). No patients died or had anastomotic fistula during their postoperative hospital stay, and the incidence of postoperative complications did not differ between the two groups (22.9% (8/35) vs 23.3% (10/42);P > 0.05). Conclusion: Under the principle of radical resection, the surgeon should adopt the most suitable standing position and trocar placement according to the specific situation. If the surgeon stands between the patient’s legs, this might shorten the operation time and promote a smoother surgery.

Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is positively correlated with the autophagy level in colon cancer

BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 9(CDK9)expression and autophagy in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissues has not been widely studied.CDK9,a key regulator of transcription,may influence the occurrence and progression of CRC.The expression of auto-phagy-related genes BECN1 and drug resistance factor ABCG2 may also play a role in CRC.Under normal physiological conditions,autophagy can inhibit tumorigenesis,but once a tumor forms,autophagy may promote tumor growth.Therefore,understanding the relationship between autophagy and cancer,partic-ularly how autophagy promotes tumor growth after its formation,is a key motivation for this research.AIM To investigate the relationship between CDK9 expression and autophagy in CRC,assess differences in autophagy between left and right colon cancer,and analyze the associations of autophagy-related genes with clinical features and prognosis.METHODS We collected tumor tissues and paracarcinoma tissues from colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to observe the level of autophagy in tissues with high levels of CDK9 and low levels of CDK9.We also collected primary tissue from left and right colon cancer patients with liver metastasis to compare the autophagy levels and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 in the tumor and paracarcinoma tissues.RESULTS The incidence of autophagy and the expression of BECN1 and ABCG2 were different in left and right colon cancer,and autophagy might be involved in the occurrence of chemotherapy resistance.Further analysis of the rela-tionship between the expression of autophagy-related genes CDK9,ABCG2,and BECN1 and the clinical features and prognosis of colorectal cancer showed that the high expression of CDK9 indicated a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer.CONCLUSION This study laid the foundation for further research on the combination of CDK9 inhibitors and autophagy inhibitors in the treatment of patients with CRC.

Comparison of decompression tubes with metallic stents for the management of right-sided malignant colonic obstruction

BACKGROUND Emergency surgical resection is a standard treatment for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction; however, the procedure is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Although a bridge to surgery can be created to obviate the need for emergency surgery, its effects on long-term outcomes and the most practical management strategies for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction remain unclear.AIM To determine the appropriate management approach for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction.METHODS Forty patients with right-sided malignant colonic obstruction who underwent curative resection from January 2007 to April 2017 were included in the study.We compared the perioperative and long-term outcomes of patients who received bridges to surgery established using decompression tubes and those created using self-expandable metallic stents(SEMS). The primary outcome was the overall survival duration(OS) and the secondary endpoints were the diseasefree survival(DFS) duration and the preoperative and postoperative morbidity rates. Analysis was performed on an intention-to-treat basis.RESULTS There were 21 patients in the decompression tube group and 19 in the SEMS group. There were no significant differences in the perioperative morbidity rates of the two groups. The OS rate was significantly higher in the decompression tube group than in the SEMS group(5-year OS rate; decompression tube 79.5%,SEMS 32%, P = 0.043). Multivariate analysis revealed that the bridge to surgery using a decompression tube was significantly associated with the OS(hazard ratio, 17.41; P = 0.004). The 3-year DFS rate was significantly higher in thedecompression tube group than in the SEMS group(68.9% vs 45.9%; log-rank test,P = 0.032). A propensity score–adjusted analysis also demonstrated that the prognosis was significantly better in the decompression tube group than in the SEMS group.CONCLUSION The bridge to surgery using trans-nasal and trans-anal decompression tubes for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction is safe and may improve long-term outcomes.

Right and Left Colon Cancer: Clinico-Pathological Features and Treatment Results (South Egypt Cancer Institute Experience)

Background: Colon cancer (CC) ranks as the third most common cancer worldwide and is considered the second leading cause of cancer death. Recently, many international studies have made the observation that right and left colon cancer have many significant differences regarding clinico-pathological characteristics and primary tumor location has a crucial impact on treatment outcomes and overall survival. Our study was conducted to verify the presence of significant differences between right and left colon cancer. Patients and Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study which aimed at comparing right and left colon cancer as regards clinico-pathological data and treatment results among patients with colon cancer receiving treatment at South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI) during the period from 1/2008 to 12/2018. A sample size of 160 cases of colon cancer patients (80 diagnosed as right colon cancer and 80 diagnosed as left colon cancer) was randomly selected from our South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI)’s tumor registry. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS program version 20. Difference was considered statistically significant at P-value < 0.05. Survival curves were conducted using the Kaplan-Meier methods and were compared with the log-rank test. Results: Right colon cancer occurred at an older age and was more commonly presented with abdominal pain while left colon cancer was more commonly presented with bleeding manifestations. More cases of the right side underwent curative surgeries whereas more palliative surgeries were performed to left-sided cases. Left sided cases were associated with a more advanced stage at diagnosis while right-sided cases were associated with a better response to first-line chemotherapy. More cases of the left side died due to metastatic disease. On the other hand, our findings demonstrated no differences between both sides regarding gender predilection, risk factors, sites of metastases, number of metastatic organs, histo-pathological examination and grading, response to second- or third-line chemotherapy, chemotherapy toxicity (hematological or non-hematological), overall survival, progression-free survival, or disease-free survival. Conclusion: Primary tumor location of colon cancer has a significant effect on clinico-pathological characteristics and treatment outcomes.

Laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation in right colon cancer:A comprehensive review

Aim of the study is to comprehensively review the latest trends in laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision(CME) with central vascular ligation(CVL) for the multimodal management of right colon cancer. Historical and up-to-date anatomo-embryological concepts are analyzed in detail,focusing on the latest studies of the mesenteric organ,its dissection by mesofascial and retrofascial cleavage planes,and questioning the need for a new terminology in colonic resections. The rationale behind Laparoscopic CME with CVL is thoroughly investigated and explained. Attention is paid to the current surgical techniques and the quality of the surgical specimen,yielded through mesocolic,intramesocolic and muscularis propria plane of surgery. We evaluate the impact on long term oncologic outcome in terms of local recurrence,overall and disease-free survival,according to the plane of resection achieved. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of the available evidence,which suggests a pivotal role of laparoscopic CME with CVL in the multimodal management of right sided colonic cancer: performed in the right mesocolic plane of resection,laparoscopic CME with CVL demonstrates better oncologic results when compared to standard non-mesocolic planes of surgery,with all the advantages of laparoscopic techniques,both in faster recovery and better immunological response. The importance of minimally invasive mesoresectional surgery is thus stressed and highlighted as the new frontier for a modern laparoscopic total right mesocolectomy.

腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术中头侧-中央混合入路的可行性分析

目的分析腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术中应用头侧-中央混合入路的可行性。方法选取新乡市第一人民医院于2019年2月至2023年1月择期接受腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术的患者180例,按照入路方式分为中央入路组(CW组)及头侧-中央混合入路组(HCMW组),其中CW组85例,HCMW组95例。对比两组术中情况、术后情况、根治术完成质量、并发症发生情况。结果两组中转开腹率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),HCMW组手术时间短于CW组,术时出血量少于CW组,输血率低于CW组(P<0.05)。两组术后情况、根治术质量、手术安全性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术中应用头侧-中央混合入路具有可行性,在保证手术效果的基础上不增加并发症风险,并且能缩短手术时间,减少术时出血量。

不同入路腹腔镜手术对右半结肠癌患者肠屏障功能和红细胞免疫的影响

目的探讨不同入路腹腔镜手术对右半结肠癌患者肠屏障功能、红细胞免疫及预后的影响。方法选取2019年4月至2021年4月我院收治的110例右半结肠癌患者,简单随机化法分为A组(n=55)和B组(n=55),治疗期间,A组失访2例,B组失访3例,最终A组和B组分别纳入53例和52例。2组均行腹腔镜手术,A组采取头侧入路,B组采取中间入路。统计2组围手术期指标、并发症、预后及手术前后肠屏障功能(内毒素、D-乳酸、二胺氧化酶)、红细胞免疫[红细胞免疫复合物花环率(RBC-ICR)、红细胞C3b受体花环率(RBC-C3bRR)、红细胞黏附肿瘤细胞花环率(TRR)]。结果与B组相比,A组术中出血量较少,中央淋巴结清扫时间、手术时间较短,并发症发生率较低(P<0.05);术后3 d 2组内毒素、二胺氧化酶、D-乳酸水平均高于术前(P<0.05);术后3 d 2组RBC-ICR高于术前,TRR、RBC-C3bRR低于术前(P<0.05);术后1年随访,2组远处转移、局部复发、生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论2种入路方案在右半结肠癌中效果相当,其中头侧入路腹腔镜手术可缩短手术时间,降低并发症发生率。

右半结肠癌根治术中全腹腔镜下Overlap吻合的短期疗效及并发症分析

目的:通过对比全腹腔镜下顺蠕动侧侧吻合(Overlap吻合)与腹腔外吻合相关临床资料及短期疗效,探究腹腔内吻合在右半结肠癌根治术中的临床疗效及价值。方法:回顾性选择2021年01月至2023年12月我院胃肠与疝外科收治的腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术患者临床资料,共计92例纳入临床研究。其中采用腹腔内Overlap吻合的患者为ICA组;采用腹腔外端侧吻合为ECA组。收集并分析两组患者临床资料,讨论全腹腔镜下Overlap吻合安全性及短期临床疗效差异。结果:纳入患者一般资料差异无统计学意义(P值>0.05)。手术资料方面,ICA组手术时间[(185.83±27.55)min;P=0.026]与吻合时间[(33.86±4.05)min;P<0.001]均显著长于ECA组,切口长度方面[(4.86±0.84)cm;P<0.001]ICA组显著短于ECA组。而术中出血、清扫淋巴结总数两组差异无统计学意义。术后康复方面,ICA组首次排气时间[(2.55±0.55)天;P=0.001]、首次进流质时间[(3.38±0.62)天;P<0.001]、下床时间[(2.71±0.55)天;P=0.006]、术后住院时间[(7.67±1.26)天;P=0.019]均优于ECA组,且ICA组术后引流量[(277.74±147.68)mL;P=0.017]显著少于ECA组。在术后第3天,ICA组疼痛VAS评分(3.19±0.77;P=0.04)低于ECA组。术后炎症指标方面,两组术后C反应蛋白、中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(NLR)均无统计学差异(P值>0.05)。在手术后并发症方面,总并发症发生率、吻合口瘘、腹腔感染、腹腔出血、吻合口出血、切口感染、肺部感染、术后肠梗阻、术后胃瘫两组并无统计学差异(P值>0.05)。结论:全腹腔镜下Overlap吻合安全可行,具有术后肠道功能恢复更快、创伤更小等优势,手术疗效与传统腔镜辅助手术效果相当,且不会增加短期并发症发生率。

基于TCGA研究左右半结肠癌基因表达差异及苦参-大血藤-半枝莲作用机制

【目的】探讨左半结肠癌与右半结肠癌的基因表达差异及大肠癌核心药对苦参-大血藤-半枝莲作用于左右半结肠癌的机制差异。【方法】下载134例左半结肠癌及194例右半结肠癌患者癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)的转录组数据,应用R软件实现2组差异基因分析及京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析;通过BATMAN-TCM数据库获取苦参-大血藤-半枝莲药对的活性成分及靶点,基于左右半结肠癌差异基因,分别进行药对-左/右半结肠癌KEGG富集分析、蛋白质互作(PPI)网络构建,比较药对治疗左、右半结肠癌富集的生物信号通路差异及关键靶点差异。【结果】左半结肠癌与右半结肠癌相对于正常癌旁组织共同的差异表达基因共6051个,左半结肠癌特异性的差异表达基因共1958个,右半结肠癌特异性的差异表达基因共1739个;左半结肠癌特异性KEGG富集通路14条,右半结肠癌特异性KEGG富集通路23条。苦参-大血藤-半枝莲药对活性化合物共85个,对应的靶点合计469个,药对-左半结肠癌靶点富集于10条KEGG信号通路,关键靶点为DRD2、CACNA1C、HTR3A、COMT、TH,药对-右半结肠癌靶点富集于1条KEGG信号通路,核心靶点为HTR3A、DRD2、TH、AGT、GRIN2B。【结论】左半结肠癌与右半结肠癌存在基因表达差异:左半结肠癌与免疫功能异常、AMPK信号通路异常等机制有关,右半结肠癌与中性粒细胞外陷阱形成、酒精中毒、Hippo信号通路异常等机制有关。除调控细胞周期及必需氨基酸代谢等机制外,苦参-大血藤-半枝莲药对对调节左半结肠癌肠道内分泌功能、抑制右半结肠癌炎症反应具有特异性作用,亦可能对结肠癌患者具有情绪调控作用。

改良单孔加一孔腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术的临床效果

目的探讨改良单孔加一孔腹腔镜(single-incision plus one-port laparoscopic surgery,SILS+1)右半结肠癌根治术的安全性及有效性。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究。选取2019年1月到2024年6月我院收治的行SILS+1右半结肠癌根治术患者34例。其中对照组23例,行经典的SILS+1右半结肠癌根治术,切口采用3~4 cm绕脐切口+左中腹1.2 cm戳孔;研究组11例,行改良SILS+1右半结肠癌根治术,切口采用3~4 cm下腹部横切口+左中腹1.2 cm戳孔。比较两组的手术时间、出血量、淋巴结清除数量、术后首次肛门排气时间、术后1 d疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、术后住院时间等。结果两组出血量、淋巴结清除数量、术后首次肛门排气时间无明显差异(P>0.05);手术时间、术后1 d的VAS及术后住院时间有差异,研究组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论改良单孔(下腹部横切口)加一孔(左中腹1.2 cm戳孔)腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治手术安全有效,且较绕脐切口手术时间及术后住院时间更短,术后疼痛更轻,手术切口更加美观和隐蔽,值得临床推广应用。

贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFIRI方案治疗微卫星稳定型晚期复发左、右半结直肠癌的疗效对比

目的探讨应用贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFIRI方案治疗微卫星稳定(MSS)型晚期复发左、右半结直肠癌的疗效差异。方法回顾性分析徐州医科大学附属医院2018年9月—2021年12月收治的58例一线应用贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFIRI方案治疗的MSS型晚期复发左、右半结直肠癌患者的临床资料,比较MSS型左、右半结直肠癌患者的临床特征、总生存时间(OS)、无进展生存时间(PFS)、疾病控制率(DCR)、客观缓解率(ORR)及1、2年生存率。结果MSS型晚期右半结肠癌患者合并不完全肠梗阻所占比例更高(P<0.05),MSS型晚期右半结肠癌患者较左半结直肠癌患者更易合并贫血及体重下降>5 kg(均P<0.05),肿瘤最大直径≥5 cm的右半结肠癌患者所占比例较左半结直肠癌患者高(P<0.05);左半结直肠癌患者中男性患者占比小于右半结肠癌患者(P<0.05)。2组治疗后癌胚抗原(CEA)和糖类抗原199(CA199)较治疗前明显下降(均P<0.05)。右半结肠癌组发生肝转移患者所占比例高于左半结直肠癌组(P<0.05)。左半结直肠癌组与右半结肠癌组ORR分别为14.8%和29.0%(P<0.05),DCR分别为74.1%和87.1%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。左半结直肠癌组的1、2年生存率分别为92.6%、81.4%,右半结肠癌组分别为83.8%、61.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。左半结直肠癌组的中位PFS长于右半结肠癌组(13.7个月vs 10.1个月,P<0.05),左半结直肠癌组的中位OS也明显长于右半结肠癌组(35.3个月vs 27.2个月,P<0.05),预后相对较好。结论应用贝伐珠单抗联合FOLFIRI方案治疗MSS型晚期复发结直肠癌患者,左、右半结直肠癌患者的临床特征、转移部位及生存状况存在差异。

右半结肠癌患者应用单孔加一孔腹腔镜手术治疗对血清肿瘤标志物水平的影响

目的:观察右半结肠癌患者应用单孔加一孔腹腔镜手术治疗对血清肿瘤标志物水平的影响。方法:选取2018年6月—2023年6月东平县人民医院收治的112例右半结肠癌患者,按手术方法将其分为五孔组与单孔加一孔组,各56例。五孔组采用五孔法腹腔镜手术治疗,单孔加一孔组采用单孔加一孔腹腔镜手术治疗。比较两组手术相关指标、术后疼痛情况、血清肿瘤标志物水平及并发症发生情况。结果:两组均成功完成手术,单孔加一孔组切口长度、术后下床时间、排气时间及住院时间均短于五孔组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而两组手术时间、术中出血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后1 d、2 d、3 d时的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分时间、组间及交互效应比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),单孔加一孔组术后1 d、2 d、3 d时VAS评分均显著低于五孔组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1周,单孔加一孔组癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原199(CA199)水平低于五孔组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而单孔加一孔组并发症发生率与五孔组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.757,P=0.185)。结论:右半结肠癌患者应用单孔加一孔腹腔镜手术与五孔法相比,可减少患者切口长度,缩短术后恢复时间,降低疼痛和血清CEA、CA199水平。

右半结肠癌根治术全腹腔镜下三步法体内吻合术与腹腔镜辅助下体外吻合术的短期疗效比较

目的:探究全腹腔镜下右半结肠癌根治术(TLRC)三步法体内吻合术与腹腔镜辅助下右半结肠癌根治术(LARC)体外吻合术的短期疗效。方法:回顾性分析90例右半结肠癌患者临床资料,按不同术式分为体内吻合组(n=48,TLRC联合三步法体内吻合术治疗)和体外吻合组(n=42,LARC联合体外吻合术治疗)。比较两组围术期疼痛VAS评分、手术期指标(吻合时间、肛门通气时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫、住院时间等)、免疫功能指标(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))、应激反应指标(Cor、NE)、炎性反应指标(hs-CRP、IL-6)、肠屏障功能指标(D-乳糖、DAO及内毒素)等。结果:体内吻合组吻合时间、肛门通气时间及术中出血量均小于体外吻合组(P<0.05);体内吻合组术后1 d及3 d疼痛VAS评分均低于体外吻合组(P<0.05);体外吻合组术后血清皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、高敏-C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、D-乳糖、二胺氧化酶(DAO)及内毒素水平均高于体内吻合组(P<0.05);体内吻合组并发症总发生率低于体外吻合组(P<0.05)。结论:TLRC三步法体内吻合术与LARC体外吻合术均有良好根治效果,而体内吻合术可缩短吻合时间,减少术中出血及术后并发症发生风险,减轻手术应激反应、炎症反应及肠屏障损伤。

肠系膜上动脉优先入路与传统侧方入路腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术的临床疗效及安全性比较

目的比较肠系膜上动脉优先入路(SMA)与传统侧方入路腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术的临床疗效及安全性。方法回顾性选取2020年2月至2022年2月武警四川总队医院收治的右半结肠癌患者100例,依据腹腔镜根治术入路不同分为SMA优先入路组和传统侧方入路组两组,各50例。比较两组患者的术中、术后指标(术中出血量、手术用时、淋巴结清扫个数、腹腔引流量、胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间)、临床分期、肿瘤相关指标[癌胚抗原(CEA)和肿瘤特异性生长因子(TSGF)]、炎症反应指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞计数(WBC)]、生活质量和术后并发症发生情况。结果SMA优先入路组患者的淋巴结清扫个数为(26.34±4.14)个,明显高于多于传统侧方入路组[(18.58±3.14)个],术中出血量、腹腔引流量分别为(65.58±15.25)、(718.58±51.51)mL,均明显少于传统侧方入路组[(99.67±11.50)、(1056.25±53.61)mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术后,两组患者的Ⅰ期比率均明显高于手术前,Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期比率均明显低于手术前,SMA优先入路组患者的Ⅰ期比率为74.00%,明显高于传统侧方入路组(56.00%),Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期比率为20.00%、6.00%,均明显低于传统侧方入路组(24.00%、20.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术后,两组患者的CEA、TSGF水平均明显低于手术前,CRP、IL-6水平、WBC、SF-36评分均明显高于手术前,SMA优先入路组患者的CEA、TSGF、CRP、IL-6水平、WBC分别为(10.02±1.27)μg/L、(72.16±1.60)U/mL、(20.45±4.53)mg/L、(23.54±4.70)μg/L、(8.78±1.32)×10^(9)/L,均明显低于传统侧方入路组[(13.20±1.38)μg/L、(75.22±1.67)U/mL、(24.86±4.54)mg/L、(29.02±4.70)μg/L、(9.56±1.31)×10^(9)/L],SF-36评分为(75.26±9.35)分,高于明显传统侧方入路组[(60.12±9.52)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SMA优先入路组患者术后并发症发生率为4.00%,明显低于传统侧方入路组(16.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肠系膜上动脉优先入路腹腔镜右半结肠癌根治术的临床疗效和安全性明显高于传统侧方入路,值得临床推广应用。

LRPPRC的表达与结肠癌临床指标和预后的相关性研究

目的研究LRPPRC表达与结肠癌临床指标和预后的相关性。方法采用免疫组化技术检测LRPPRC在结肠癌组织的表达,实验数据和临床指标及预后的相关性分析使用SPSS软件,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果LRPPRC在结肠癌组织的表达显著高于癌旁组织。LRPPRC蛋白表达和患者的原发肿瘤数量显著正相关,而和预后显著负相关,且是结肠癌预后的独立预测因素。统计学分析显示,右半结肠癌亚组的T分期、临床分期和总生存期均显著更差。同时,LRPPRC的异常高表达和右半结肠癌组患者更多的原发肿瘤数量及更差的总生存期显著相关,但其与左半结肠癌亚组的各项临床指标及预后均无关。结论LRPPRC的过表达促进了右半结肠癌的进展,它可能是右半结肠癌预后和治疗的重要标记物。

自膨式金属支架置入后择期手术与急诊手术治疗左半结肠癌伴急性肠梗阻患者的疗效比较

目的 比较自膨式金属支架(self-expanding metal stent,SEMS)置入与急诊手术(emergency surgery,ES)治疗左半结肠癌伴急性肠梗阻的临床疗效。方法 前瞻性收集2020年12月至2022年10月期间在南京医科大学附属苏州医院就诊的左半结肠癌伴急性肠梗阻患者的临床资料。使用随机数表法1∶1分配至SEMS组和ES组,主要结局指标为造口率和腹腔镜手术率。结果 最终纳入分析的SEMS组18例,ES组20例。SEMS组有更低的造口率(16.7%vs.65.0%,P=0.004),更多的淋巴结清扫数(18.28 vs.13.25,P=0.01)。SEMS组接受腹腔镜手术的患者比例显着高于ES组(66.7%vs.10.0%,P=0.001)。SEMS组的术后并发症发生率低于ES组(22.2%vs.40.0%,P=0.025)。结论 与ES相比,SEMS置入在治疗左半结肠癌伴急性肠梗阻的手术短期结果方面具有明显优势:更低的造口率,更少的术后并发症,更高的微创手术率,更符合现代微创外科及加速康复理念。