Construction of Legal System of China's Farmland Protection under the Coexistence of Multiple Objectives:Historical Logic,Practical Problems and Optimization Paths

[Objectives]To explore the evolution of the legal system of farmland protection and explore the rules and characteristics of policy development based on the theory and logic of institutional change since China's reform and opening up,reveal the problems and deep-seated reasons of its legislation,clarify the direction of farmland protection in the new period,and solve the"non-agricultural""non-grain"and ecological problems of farmland.[Methods]Literature analysis and inductive deduction methods were used.[Results]The evolution of the farmland protection legal system has gone through the process of"national consciousness-policy guidelines-institutional system",the change from"single subject to multiple subjects";change from the use of"one-way administrative means to coordinated use of administrative,economic and technical means".The practical problems of the farmland protection legal system are mainly due to the insufficient systematization of the farmland protection legal system itself,the generalization of quantity protection,the transformation of quality protection,and the absence of ecological protection.[Conclusions]It is recommended to improve the existing farmland protection legal system from the establishment of the Farmland Protection Law,the improvement of the farmland protection public participation mechanism and supervision mechanism,the establishment of the farmland quality construction and improvement system,the differentiated farmland occupation and supplementation balance system,and the ecological restoration system.

LEGAL SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION

To set up a completelaw system for China’s foreigntrade and economiccooperation is an urgent taskin our legislation work.Usinglegal measures to preventforeign products from invadingChina’s national industry;Rectifying the foreign tradeorder;Further improving theenvironment for foreigninvestment. Officials from the Treatyand Law Department of theMinistry of Foreign Trade andEconomic Cooperation(MOFTEC)talk about the LegalSystem Construction of ForeignTrade and EconomicCooperation.

Legal System Construction for Energy Industry in China

In a very real sense,China did not have a legal system of energy until 1978 when the policy of reform and opening-up was carried out.Over the 30 years since then,China has achieved great accomplishments in energy development,which have attracted worldwide attention,

系统论视角下国家义务理论的构造:体系与方法

当前,体系化取向是国家义务理论发展的必然趋势。体系化的较高层次是将其研究对象系统化。构造论是国家义务系统理论的前提和准备。系统论根据其研究对象和学科分类主要包括一般系统论、哲学意义上的系统论、社会学意义上的系统论以及法律上的自创生系统论。法律自创生系统离不开作为独立系统的国家,而国家一般是以义务主体的身份出现。故国家系统可以看做是国家义务系统。在此基础上,国家义务系统呈现出一种"二元三层次"的内部构造。