Analysis results of the average annual sea levels in the Caspian Sea obtained from ground and satellite observations, corresponding to solar activity characteristics, magnetic field data, and length of day are present...Analysis results of the average annual sea levels in the Caspian Sea obtained from ground and satellite observations, corresponding to solar activity characteristics, magnetic field data, and length of day are presented. Spectra of the indicated processes were investigated and their approximation models were also built. Previously assumed statistical relationships between space-geophysical processes and Caspian Sea level(CSL) changes were confirmed. A close connection was revealed between the low-frequency models of the solar and geomagnetic activity parameters and the CSL changes. Predictions extending into the next decades showed a high probability of an increase in the CSL and a decrease of the compared space-geophysical parameters.展开更多
Traditional artificial neural networks （ANN） such as back-propagation neural networks （BPNN） provide good predictions of length-of-day （LOD）. However, the determination of network topology is difficult and time ...Traditional artificial neural networks （ANN） such as back-propagation neural networks （BPNN） provide good predictions of length-of-day （LOD）. However, the determination of network topology is difficult and time consuming. Therefore, we propose a new type of neural network, extreme learning machine （ELM）, to improve the efficiency of LOD predictions. Earth orientation parameters （EOP） C04 time-series provides daily values from International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service （IERS）, which serves as our database. First, the known predictable effects that can be described by functional models-such as the effects of solid earth, ocean tides, or seasonal atmospheric variations--are removed a priori from the C04 time-series. Only the residuals after the subtraction of a priori model from the observed LOD data （i.e., the irregular and quasi-periodic variations） are employed for training and predictions. The predicted LOD is the sum of a prior extrapolation model and the ELM predictions of the residuals. Different input patterns are discussed and compared to optimize the network solution. The prediction results are analyzed and compared with those obtained by other machine learning-based prediction methods, including BPNN, generalization regression neural networks （GRNN）, and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference systems （ANFIS）. It is shown that while achieving similar prediction accuracy, the developed method uses much less training time than other methods. Furthermore, to conduct a direct comparison with the existing prediction tech- niques, the mean-absolute-error （MAE） from the proposed method is compared with that from the EOP prediction comparison campaign （EOP PCC）. The results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed method is comparable with that of the former techniques. The implementation of the proposed method is simple.展开更多
针对日长(Length Of Day,LOD)变化预报中最小二乘(Least Squares,LS)拟合存在端点效应的问题,采用时间序列分析方法对日长变化序列进行端点延拓,形成一个新序列,然后用新序列建立最小二乘模型,最后再结合最小二乘模型和自回归(Autoregre...针对日长(Length Of Day,LOD)变化预报中最小二乘(Least Squares,LS)拟合存在端点效应的问题,采用时间序列分析方法对日长变化序列进行端点延拓,形成一个新序列,然后用新序列建立最小二乘模型,最后再结合最小二乘模型和自回归(Autoregressive,AR)模型对原始日长变化序列进行预报。实验结果表明,在日长变化序列两端增加统计延拓数据,能有效减小最小二乘拟合序列的端点畸变,从而提高日长变化的预报精度,尤其对中长期预报精度提高明显。展开更多
文摘Analysis results of the average annual sea levels in the Caspian Sea obtained from ground and satellite observations, corresponding to solar activity characteristics, magnetic field data, and length of day are presented. Spectra of the indicated processes were investigated and their approximation models were also built. Previously assumed statistical relationships between space-geophysical processes and Caspian Sea level(CSL) changes were confirmed. A close connection was revealed between the low-frequency models of the solar and geomagnetic activity parameters and the CSL changes. Predictions extending into the next decades showed a high probability of an increase in the CSL and a decrease of the compared space-geophysical parameters.
基金supported by the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Traditional artificial neural networks （ANN） such as back-propagation neural networks （BPNN） provide good predictions of length-of-day （LOD）. However, the determination of network topology is difficult and time consuming. Therefore, we propose a new type of neural network, extreme learning machine （ELM）, to improve the efficiency of LOD predictions. Earth orientation parameters （EOP） C04 time-series provides daily values from International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service （IERS）, which serves as our database. First, the known predictable effects that can be described by functional models-such as the effects of solid earth, ocean tides, or seasonal atmospheric variations--are removed a priori from the C04 time-series. Only the residuals after the subtraction of a priori model from the observed LOD data （i.e., the irregular and quasi-periodic variations） are employed for training and predictions. The predicted LOD is the sum of a prior extrapolation model and the ELM predictions of the residuals. Different input patterns are discussed and compared to optimize the network solution. The prediction results are analyzed and compared with those obtained by other machine learning-based prediction methods, including BPNN, generalization regression neural networks （GRNN）, and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference systems （ANFIS）. It is shown that while achieving similar prediction accuracy, the developed method uses much less training time than other methods. Furthermore, to conduct a direct comparison with the existing prediction tech- niques, the mean-absolute-error （MAE） from the proposed method is compared with that from the EOP prediction comparison campaign （EOP PCC）. The results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed method is comparable with that of the former techniques. The implementation of the proposed method is simple.
文摘针对日长(Length Of Day,LOD)变化预报中最小二乘(Least Squares,LS)拟合存在端点效应的问题,采用时间序列分析方法对日长变化序列进行端点延拓,形成一个新序列,然后用新序列建立最小二乘模型,最后再结合最小二乘模型和自回归(Autoregressive,AR)模型对原始日长变化序列进行预报。实验结果表明,在日长变化序列两端增加统计延拓数据,能有效减小最小二乘拟合序列的端点畸变,从而提高日长变化的预报精度,尤其对中长期预报精度提高明显。
