The Chromatic Point-spread Function of Weak Lensing Measurement in the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope

Weak gravitational lensing is a powerful tool in modern cosmology.To accurately measure the weak lensing signal,one has to control the systematic bias on a small level.One of the most difficult problems is how to correct the smearing effect of the Point-Spread Function(PSF)on the shape of the galaxies.The chromaticity of PSF for a broad-band observation can lead to new subtle effects.Since the PSF is wavelength-dependent and the spectrum energy distributions between stars and galaxies are different,the effective PSF measured from the star images will be different from those that smear the galaxies.Such a bias is called color bias.We estimate it in the optical bands of the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope from simulated PSFs,and show the dependence on the color and redshift of the galaxies.Moreover,due to the spatial variation of spectra over the galaxy image,another higher-order bias exists:color gradient bias.Our results show that both color bias and color gradient bias are generally below 0.1%in CSST.Only for small-size galaxies,one needs to be careful about the color gradient bias in the weak lensing analysis using CSST data.

血清sTWEAK、Netrin-1联合APACHEⅡ评分对重型颅脑损伤患者术后预后不良的预测价值

目的探讨血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子样凋亡弱诱导因子(sTWEAK)、神经轴突导向因子-1(Netrin-1)联合急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分对重型颅脑损伤患者术后预后不良的预测价值。方法选取2020年6月至2022年6月该院收治的120例重型颅脑损伤患者,根据术后30 d预后情况分为预后良好组和预后不良组。对比两组血清sTWEAK、Netrin-1水平及APACHEⅡ评分。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析重型颅脑损伤患者术后预后不良的影响因素,并据以构建血清sTWEAK、Netrin-1及APACHEⅡ评分联合应用的预测模型,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清sTWEAK、Netrin-1水平及APACHEⅡ评分对重型颅脑损伤患者术后预后不良的预测价值。结果预后不良组的重症监护室居住时间长于预后良好组,白蛋白水平、入院时格拉斯哥昏迷评分法评分和血清Netrin-1水平低于预后良好组,多发脑挫裂伤占比、机械通气占比、入院时APACHEⅡ评分和血清sTWEAK、血清肌酐、血尿素氮水平均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,多发脑挫裂伤、Netrin-1水平降低、入院时APACHEⅡ评分升高、sTWEAK水平升高为重型颅脑损伤患者术后预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清sTWEAK、Netrin-1及APACHEⅡ评分3个指标单独及联合应用时曲线下面积及其95%CI分别为0.742(0.552~0.925)、0.731(0.488~0.963)、0.714(0.502~0.911)、0.882(0.795~0.947)。结论血清sTWEAK、Netrin-1联合APACHEⅡ评分对重型颅脑损伤患者术后预后不良具有较好的预测价值,可为临床治疗方案的制订提供参考。

自发性急性脑出血患者血浆sCD163/sTWEAK比值与预后的关系

目的探究自发性急性脑出血(ACH)患者血浆可溶性CD163(sCD163)/可溶性肿瘤坏死因子样凋亡弱诱导因子(sTWEAK)比值与预后的关系。方法纳入ACH患者90例作为病例组,根据格拉斯哥预后评分将病例组分为预后不良组(38例)和预后良好组(52例);另选取同期体检健康者45例为对照组。酶联免疫吸附试验检测血浆sCD163、sTWEAK水平并计算sCD163/sTWEAK比值。分析血浆sCD163、sTWEAK水平及sCD163/sTWEAK比值与临床资料的相关性;Logistic回归分析ACH患者预后不良的影响因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析sCD163/sTWEAK比值对ACH患者预后不良的预测价值。结果病例组血浆sCD163、sTWEAK水平及sCD163/sTWEAK比值均显著高于对照组;预后良好组上述指标均低于预后不良组(P<0.05)。预后良好组血肿体积、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、高血压及幕下出血比例均低于预后不良组,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)高于预后不良组(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明,血浆sCD163、sTWEAK水平及sCD163/sTWEAK比值与出血部位、血肿体积、NIHSS评分、白细胞计数、血小板计数、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)呈正相关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,sCD163/sTWEAK比值、出血部位、血肿体积、NIHSS评分为ACH患者预后不良的影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果表明,sCD163/sTWEAK比值评估ACH患者预后不良的AUC为0.850,敏感度和特异度分别为86.84%和69.23%。结论sCD163/sTWEAK比值在ACH患者血浆中水平较高,并与预后不良有关,该值对此类患者的预后有一定预测价值。

Ultrahigh-brightness 50 MeV electron beam generation from laser wakefield acceleration in a weakly nonlinear regime

We propose an efficient scheme to produce ultrahigh-brightness tens of MeV electron beams by designing a density-tailored plasma to induce a wakefield in the weakly nonlinear regime with a moderate laser energy of 120 mJ.In this scheme,the second bucket of the wakefield can have a much lower phase velocity at the steep plasma density down-ramp than the first bucket and can be exploited to implement longitudinal electron injection at a lower laser intensity,leading to the generation of bright electron beams with ultralow emittance together with low energy spread.Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are carried out and demonstrate that high-quality electron beams with a peak energy of 50 MeV,ultralow emittance of28 nm rad,energy spread of 1%,charge of 4.4 pC,and short duration less than 5 fs can be obtained within a 1-mm-long tailored plasma density,resulting in an ultrahigh six-dimensional brightness B6D,n of2×1017 A/m2/0.1%.By changing the density parameters,tunable bright electron beams with peak energies ranging from 5 to 70 MeV,a small emittance of B0.1 mm mrad,and a low energy spread at a few-percent level can be obtained.These bright MeV-class electron beams have a variety of potential applications,for example,as ultrafast electron probes for diffraction and imaging,in laboratory astrophysics,in coherent radiation source generation,and as injectors for GeV particle accelerators.

Measuring small longitudinal phase shifts via weak measurement amplification

Weak measurement amplification,which is considered as a very promising scheme in precision measurement,has been applied to various small physical quantities estimations.Since many physical quantities can be converted into phase signals,it is interesting and important to consider measuring small longitudinal phase shifts by using weak measurement.Here,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel weak measurement amplification-based small longitudinal phase estimation,which is suitable for polarization interferometry.We realize one order of magnitude amplification measurement of a small phase signal directly introduced by a liquid crystal variable retarder and show that it is robust to the imperfection of interference.Besides,we analyze the effect of magnification error which is never considered in the previous works,and find the constraint on the magnification.Our results may find important applications in high-precision measurements,e.g.,gravitational wave detection.

Local saliency consistency-based label inference for weakly supervised salient object detection using scribble annotations

Recently,weak supervision has received growing attention in the field of salient object detection due to the convenience of labelling.However,there is a large performance gap between weakly supervised and fully supervised salient object detectors because the scribble annotation can only provide very limited foreground/background information.Therefore,an intuitive idea is to infer annotations that cover more complete object and background regions for training.To this end,a label inference strategy is proposed based on the assumption that pixels with similar colours and close positions should have consistent labels.Specifically,k-means clustering algorithm was first performed on both colours and coordinates of original annotations,and then assigned the same labels to points having similar colours with colour cluster centres and near coordinate cluster centres.Next,the same annotations for pixels with similar colours within each kernel neighbourhood was set further.Extensive experiments on six benchmarks demonstrate that our method can significantly improve the performance and achieve the state-of-the-art results.

Experimental investigation on weak shock wave mitigation characteristics of flexible polyurethane foam and polyurea

In recent years,explosion shock wave has been considered as a signature injury of the current military conflicts.Although strong shock wave is lethal to the human body,weak shock wave can cause many more lasting consequences.To investigate the protection ability and characteristics of flexible materials and structures under weak shock wave loading,the blast wave produced by TNT explosive is loaded on the polyurethane foam with the density of 200.0 kg/m3(F-200)and 400.0 kg/m3(F-400),polyurea with the density of 1100.0 kg/m^(3)(P-1100)and structures composed of the two materials,which are intended for individual protection.Experimental results indicate that the shock wave is attenuated to weak pressure disturbance after interacting with the flexible materials which are not damaged.The shock wave protective capability of single-layer materials is dependent on their thickness,density and microscopic characteristics.The overpressure,maximum pressure rise rate and impulse of transmitted wave decrease exponentially with increase in sample thickness.For the same thickness,F-400 provides better protective capability than F-200 while P-1100 shows the best protective capability among the three materials.In this study,as the materials are not destroyed,F-200 with a thickness more than10.0 mm,F-400 with a thickness more than 4.0 mm,and P-1100 with a thickness more than 1.0 mm can attenuate the overpressure amplitude more than 90.0%.Further,multi-layer flexible composites are designed.Different layer layouts of designed structures and layer thickness of the single-layer materials can affect the protective performance.Within the research range,the structure in which polyurea is placed on the impact side shows the optimal shock wave protective performance,and the thicknesses of polyurea and polyurethane foam are 1.0 mm and 4.0 mm respectively.The overpressure attenuation rate reached maximum value of 93.3%and impulse attenuation capacity of this structure are better than those of single-layer polyurea and polyurethane foam with higher areal density.

Macro-micro behaviors and failure mechanism of frozen weakly cemented mudstone

Understanding the mechanical properties and multiscale failure mechanism of frozen soft rock is an important prerequisite for the construction safety of tunnels,artificially frozen ground and other infrastructure in cold regions.In this study,the triaxial compression test are performed on mudstone in the weakly cemented soft rock strata in the mining area of western China,and the mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of weakly cemented mudstone are systematically investigated under the combined action of freezing and loading.Furthermore,the quantitative relationship between the microstructural parameters and the macroscopic strength and deformation parameters is established based on fractal theory.Thus,the failure mechanism of frozen weakly cemented mudstone is revealed on both micro- and macro-scales.The results show that temperature and confining pressure significantly affects the elastic modulus and peak strength of weakly cemented mudstone.With decreasing temperature,the compressive strength increases,while the corresponding peak strain decreases gradually.On the deformation curve,the plastic deformation stage is shortened,and the brittle fracture feature at the post-peak stage is more prominent,and the elastic modulus correspondingly increases with decreasing temperature.Under low-temperature conditions,most of the weakly cemented mudstone undergoes microscopic shear failure along the main fracture surface.The micro-fracture morphology characteristics of weakly cemented mudstone under different temperatures are quantified via the fractal dimension,and an approximately exponential relationship can be obtained among the fractal dimension and the temperature,compressive strength and elastic modulus.

Weakly Supervised Network with Scribble-Supervised and Edge-Mask for Road Extraction from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images

Significant advancements have been achieved in road surface extraction based on high-resolution remote sensingimage processing. Most current methods rely on fully supervised learning, which necessitates enormous humaneffort to label the image. Within this field, other research endeavors utilize weakly supervised methods. Theseapproaches aim to reduce the expenses associated with annotation by leveraging sparsely annotated data, such asscribbles. This paper presents a novel technique called a weakly supervised network using scribble-supervised andedge-mask (WSSE-net). This network is a three-branch network architecture, whereby each branch is equippedwith a distinct decoder module dedicated to road extraction tasks. One of the branches is dedicated to generatingedge masks using edge detection algorithms and optimizing road edge details. The other two branches supervise themodel’s training by employing scribble labels and spreading scribble information throughout the image. To addressthe historical flaw that created pseudo-labels that are not updated with network training, we use mixup to blendprediction results dynamically and continually update new pseudo-labels to steer network training. Our solutiondemonstrates efficient operation by simultaneously considering both edge-mask aid and dynamic pseudo-labelsupport. The studies are conducted on three separate road datasets, which consist primarily of high-resolutionremote-sensing satellite photos and drone images. The experimental findings suggest that our methodologyperforms better than advanced scribble-supervised approaches and specific traditional fully supervised methods.

Oscillation of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction driven by weak electric fields

Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI) is under extensive investigation considering its crucial status in chiral magnetic orders, such as Néel-type domain wall(DW) and skyrmions. It has been reported that the interfacial DMI originating from Rashba spin–orbit coupling(SOC) can be linearly tuned with strong external electric fields. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that the strength of DMI exhibits rapid fluctuations, ranging from 10% to 30% of its original value, as a function of applied electric fields in Pt/Co/MgO heterostructures within the small field regime(< 10-2V/nm). Brillouin light scattering(BLS) experiments have been performed to measure DMI, and first-principles calculations show agreement with this observation, which can be explained by the variation in orbital hybridization at the Co/MgO interface in response to the weak electric fields. Our results on voltage control of DMI(VCDMI) suggest that research related to the voltage control of magnetic anisotropy for spin–orbit torque or the motion control of skyrmions might also have to consider the role of the external electric field on DMI as small voltages are generally used for the magnetoresistance detection.

Significant risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired weakness:A processing strategy based on repeated machine learning

BACKGROUND Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a common complication that significantly impacts the patient's recovery process,even leading to adverse outcomes.Currently,there is a lack of effective preventive measures.AIM To identify significant risk factors for ICU-AW through iterative machine learning techniques and offer recommendations for its prevention and treatment.METHODS Patients were categorized into ICU-AW and non-ICU-AW groups on the 14th day post-ICU admission.Relevant data from the initial 14 d of ICU stay,such as age,comorbidities,sedative dosage,vasopressor dosage,duration of mechanical ventilation,length of ICU stay,and rehabilitation therapy,were gathered.The relationships between these variables and ICU-AW were examined.Utilizing iterative machine learning techniques,a multilayer perceptron neural network model was developed,and its predictive performance for ICU-AW was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve.RESULTS Within the ICU-AW group,age,duration of mechanical ventilation,lorazepam dosage,adrenaline dosage,and length of ICU stay were significantly higher than in the non-ICU-AW group.Additionally,sepsis,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,hypoalbuminemia,acute heart failure,respiratory failure,acute kidney injury,anemia,stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding,shock,hypertension,coronary artery disease,malignant tumors,and rehabilitation therapy ratios were significantly higher in the ICU-AW group,demonstrating statistical significance.The most influential factors contributing to ICU-AW were identified as the length of ICU stay(100.0%)and the duration of mechanical ventilation(54.9%).The neural network model predicted ICU-AW with an area under the curve of 0.941,sensitivity of 92.2%,and specificity of 82.7%.CONCLUSION The main factors influencing ICU-AW are the length of ICU stay and the duration of mechanical ventilation.A primary preventive strategy,when feasible,involves minimizing both ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration.

A robust & weak-nucleophilicity electrocatalyst with an inert response for chlorine ion oxidation in large-current seawater electrolysis

Seawater splitting into hydrogen,a promising technology,is seriously limited by the durability and tolerance of electrocatalysts for chlorine ions in seawater at large current densities due to chloride oxidation and corrosion.Here,we present a robust and weak-nucleophilicity nickel-iron hydroxide electrocatalyst with excellent selectivity for oxygen evolution and an inert response for chlorine ion oxidation which are key and highly desired for efficient seawater electrolysis.Such a weak-nucleophilicity electrocatalyst can well match with strong-nucleophilicity OH-compared with the weak-nucleophilicity Cl^(-),resultantly,the oxidation of OH-in electrolyte can be more easily achieved relative to chlorine ion oxidation,confirmed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium probing test.Further,no strongly corrosive hypochlorite is produced when the operating voltage reaches about 2.1 V vs.RHE,a potential that is far beyond the thermodynamic potential of chlorine ion oxidatio n.This concept and approach to reasonably designing weaknucleophilicity electrocatalysts that can greatly avoid chlorine ion oxidation under alkaline seawater environments can push forward the seawater electrolysis technology and also accelerate the development of green hydrogen technique.

Protected simultaneous quantum remote state preparation scheme by weak and reversal measurements in noisy environments

We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver Bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled Bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping(AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is possible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IBMQ platform.

Adaptive Bistable Stochastic Resonance Based Weak Signal Reception in Additive Laplacian Noise

Weak signal reception is a very important and challenging problem for communication systems especially in the presence of non-Gaussian noise,and in which case the performance of optimal linear correlated receiver degrades dramatically.Aiming at this,a novel uncorrelated reception scheme based on adaptive bistable stochastic resonance(ABSR)for a weak signal in additive Laplacian noise is investigated.By analyzing the key issue that the quantitative cooperative resonance matching relationship between the characteristics of the noisy signal and the nonlinear bistable system,an analytical expression of the bistable system parameters is derived.On this basis,by means of bistable system parameters self-adaptive adjustment,the counterintuitive stochastic resonance(SR)phenomenon can be easily generated at which the random noise is changed into a benefit to assist signal transmission.Finally,it is demonstrated that approximately 8dB bit error ratio(BER)performance improvement for the ABSR-based uncorrelated receiver when compared with the traditional uncorrelated receiver at low signal to noise ratio(SNR)conditions varying from-30dB to-5dB.

Weak External Bisection of Some Graphs

Let G be a graph. A bipartition of G is a bipartition of V (G) with V (G) = V1 ∪ V2 and V1 ∩ V2 = ∅. If a bipartition satisfies ∥V1∣ - ∣V2∥ ≤ 1, we call it a bisection. The research in this paper is mainly based on a conjecture proposed by Bollobás and Scott. The conjecture is that every graph G has a bisection (V1, V2) such that ∀v ∈ V1, at least half minuses one of the neighbors of v are in the V2;∀v ∈ V2, at least half minuses one of the neighbors of v are in the V1. In this paper, we confirm this conjecture for some bipartite graphs, crown graphs and windmill graphs.

血清Gal-3、TWEAK对精神分裂症的诊断价值及与精神症状严重程度的关系

目的研究血清半乳糖凝集素3(Gal-3)、肿瘤坏死因子样弱凋亡诱导因子(TWEAK)对精神分裂症的诊断价值及与精神症状严重程度的关系。方法选取2019年3月至2021年3月在该院诊治的96例精神分裂症患者作为病例组,以同期60例健康体检者为对照组,进行回顾性分析。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清Gal-3、TWEAK水平。采用Pearson相关分析血清Gal-3、TWEAK水平与临床指标的相关性;采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响精神分裂症发生的因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清Gal-3、TWEAK单项及联合检测对精神分裂症的诊断价值。结果观察组PANSS评分总分、阳性症状评分、阴性症状评分、一般精神病理学症状评分及血清Gal-3、TWEAK水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。血清Gal-3、TWEAK水平与PANSS评分总分、阳性症状评分、阴性症状评分、一般精神病理学症状评分呈正相关(P<0.001)。PANSS评分总分、阳性症状评分、一般精神病理学症状评分升高及血清Gal-3、TWEAK水平升高均是精神分裂症发生的独立危险因素(P<0.001)。血清Gal-3、TWEAK联合检测诊断精神分裂症的曲线下面积为0.870(95%CI:0.831~0.919),明显高于血清Gal-3、TWEAK单项检测诊断精神分裂症的AUC[0.812(95%CI:0.769~0.847)、0.820(95%CI:0.771~0.852)],差异均有统计学意义(Z=4.345,P<0.001;Z=4.010,P=0.002)。结论精神分裂症患者血清Gal-3、TWEAK水平升高,二者与精神症状严重程度有关,血清Gal-3、TWEAK联合检测对精神分裂症具有较高的诊断价值。

Clinical Effect of Modified Shengyang Yiwei Decoction in the Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome due to Spleen and Stomach Weakness

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of Shengyang Yiwei Decoction in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)due to spleen and stomach weakness.Methods:40 patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS who were treated from April 2018 to April 2020 were taken as samples.TCM(traditional Chinese medicine)syndrome differentiation found that they were all due to spleen and stomach weakness.They were randomly divided into two groups.Group A was treated with modified prescriptions of Shengyang Yiwei Decoction,while Group B was treated with Western medicine.The therapeutic effects in the two groups were compared.Results:The treatment efficacy in Group A was higher than that in Group B(P<0.05);the symptom scores of Group A such as loose stools,chills,physical weakness,poor appetite,and abdominal distension after meals were all lower than those in Group B(P<0.05);the SF-36(36-Item Short Form Health Survey)scores of patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS in Group A were higher than those in Group B(P<0.05);the treatment satisfaction of Group A was higher than that of Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Treatment of diarrhea-predominant IBS patients with spleen and stomach weakness by Shengyang Yiwei Decoction can promote the disappearance of gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms,improve the quality of life,and enhance treatment efficacy.Hence,it is an efficient and feasible treatment for diarrhea-predominant IBS due to spleen and stomach weakness.

T2DM患者血清sTWEAK、sCD40L水平与糖尿病微血管并发症的相关性分析

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)样凋亡弱诱导因子(sTWEAK)、可溶性CD40配体(sCD40L)水平与糖尿病微血管并发症(DMA)的相关性。方法 选取2021年3月-2023年3月航天中心医院收治的150例T2DM患者为研究对象,根据患者是否合并DMA分为DMA组(n=69)及T2DM组(n=81)。检测并比较两组患者血清sTWEAK、sCD40L水平及临床资料,采用Logistic回归分析影响T2DM并发微血管病变的危险因素,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析sTWEAK、sCD40L对T2DM并发微血管病变的预测价值。结果 DMA组患者血清sTWEAK、sCD40L水平均高于T2DM组(P<0.05);DMA组的病程、FPG及HbA1c、sTWEAK、sCD40L水平均高于T2DM,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic分析结果显示病程长、HbA1c高水平、sTWEAK高水平及sCD40L高水平均是导致T2DM并发微血管病变的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC结果显示,血清sTWEAK、sCD40L单独及联合预测T2DM并发微血管病变的AUC(95%CI)分别为0.714(0.635~0.785)、0.744(0.666~0.812)、0.859(0.792~0.910),二者联合的预测效能优于单独检测(Z=2.626、2.395,P<0.05)。结论 血清sTWEAK、 sCD40L在DMA患者中均异常升高,与DMA关系密切,sTWEAK、sCD40L联合对于T2DM并发微血管病变的预测价值较高。

2型糖尿病患者血清PTX3、sTWEAK水平与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的关系研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清正五聚蛋白3(PTX3)、可溶性肿瘤坏死因子样凋亡弱诱导因子(sTWEAK)水平与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的关系。方法选取北部战区总医院152例新诊断为T2DM的患者为研究对象,根据是否合并NAFLD将患者分为NAFLD组(92例)和非NAFLD组(60例);根据肝脏超声检查结果,将NAFLD患者分为轻度组、中度组和重度组。另选取35例健康人作为对照(对照组)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清PTX3、sTWEAK水平。采用Pearson相关分析T2DM患者PTX3和sTWEAK水平与总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)的关系。采用多因素Logistic回归分析T2DM合并NAFLD的影响因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析PTX3、sTWEAK对NAFLD的预测价值,计算曲线下面积(AUC)。比较轻度组、中度组、重度组血清PTX3、sTWEAK水平。结果与对照组比较,NAFLD组和非NAFLD组血清PTX3、sTWEAK水平较高(P<0.05)。与非NAFLD组比较,NAFLD组血清PTX3、sTWEAK水平较高(P<0.05)。体质量指数(BMI,OR=3.387)、TG(OR=1.958)、HOMA-IR(OR=3.040)、PTX3(OR=4.836)、sTWEAK(OR=4.133)是T2DM合并NAFLD的影响因素(P<0.05)。T2DM患者血清PTX3水平分别与BMI、LDL-C、FPG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR呈正相关(P<0.05),而与HDL-C呈负相关(P<0.05)。血清sTWEAK水平分别与LDL-C、FPG、HOMA-IR呈正相关(P<0.05)。血清PTX3、sTWEAK预测T2DM患者发生NAFLD的AUC分别为0.873和0.821,二者联合可将AUC提高至0.915。轻度组、中度组、重度组血清PTX3和sTWEAK水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),病情越重,患者血清PTX3和sTWEAK水平越高。结论PTX3、sTWEAK是T2DM患者发生NAFLD的影响因素,并且血清PTX3、sTWEAK水平越高,NAFLD病情越重。

Weak gravitational lensing of quantum perturbed lukewarm black holes and cosmological constant effect

The aim of the paper is to study weak gravitational lensing of quantum(perturbed) and classical lukewarm black holes(QLBHs and CLBHs respectively) in the presence of cosmological parameterΛ.We apply a numerical method to evaluate the deflection angle of bending light rays,image locationsθ of sample source β =-π/4,and corresponding magnifications μ.There are no obtained real values for Einstein ring locations θ_E(β = 0) for CLBHs but we calculate them for QLBHs.As an experimental test of our calculations,we choose mass M of 60 types of the most massive observed galactic black holes acting as a gravitational lens and study quantum matter field effects on the angle of bending light rays in the presence of cosmological constant effects.We calculate locations of non-relativistic images and corresponding magnifications.Numerical diagrams show that the quantum matter effects cause absolute values of the quantum deflection angle to be reduced with respect to the classical ones.The sign of the quantum deflection angle is changed with respect to the classical values in the presence of the cosmological constant.This means dominance of the anti-gravity counterpart of the cosmological horizon on the angle of bending light rays with respect to absorbing effects of 60 local types of the most massive observed black holes.Variations of the image positions and magnifications are negligible when increasing dimensionless cosmological constant ∈=(16ΛM^2)/3.The deflection angle takes positive(negative) values for CLBHs(QLBHs) and they decrease very fast(slowly) by increasing the closest distance x_0 of bending light ray and/or dimensionless cosmological parameter for sample giant black holes with0.001 < ∈ < 0.01.