The neutron-rich even-even nuclei^26–40Mg,^28–46Si,^30–48S, and ^32–56Ar are calculated with the RMF model and the phase-shift electron scattering method. Results show that level inversion of the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 p...The neutron-rich even-even nuclei^26–40Mg,^28–46Si,^30–48S, and ^32–56Ar are calculated with the RMF model and the phase-shift electron scattering method. Results show that level inversion of the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton states may occur for the magnesium, silicon, sulphur, and argon isotopes with more neutrons away from the stability line. Calculations show that the variation of the central charge densities for30–48S, and32–56Ar are very sensitive to the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton state level inversion, and the level inversion can lead to a large measurable central charge depletion to the charge density distributions for the neutron-rich isotopes. Calculations also show that the charge density diferences between the isotopes with and without central charge depletion can reveal not only the level inversion of the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton states but also the behavior of the proton wave functions of both states. The results can provide references for the possible study of the nuclear level inversion and nuclear bubble phenomenon with electron scattering of short-lived nuclei at RIKEN or/and GSI in the future. In addition, direct nuclear reaction 44S（n, d）43P or44S（3H, α）43P might also be a possible way to study the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton state level inversion.展开更多
Following the progress of satellite data assimilation in the 1990s, the combination of meteorological satellites and numerical models has changed the way scientists understand the earth. With the evolution of numerica...Following the progress of satellite data assimilation in the 1990s, the combination of meteorological satellites and numerical models has changed the way scientists understand the earth. With the evolution of numerical weather prediction models and earth system models, meteorological satellites will play a more important role in earth sciences in the future. As part of the space-based infrastructure, the Fengyun (FY) meteorological satellites have contributed to earth science sustainability studies through an open data policy and stable data quality since the first launch of the FY-1A satellite in 1988. The capability of earth system monitoring was greatly enhanced after the second-generation polar orbiting FY-3 satellites and geostationary orbiting FY-4 satellites were developed. Meanwhile, the quality of the products generated from the FY-3 and FY-4 satellites is comparable to the well-known MODIS products. FY satellite data has been utilized broadly in weather forecasting, climate and climate change investigations, environmental disaster monitoring, etc. This article reviews the instruments mounted on the FY satellites. Sensor-dependent level 1 products (radiance data) and inversion algorithm-dependent level 2 products (geophysical parameters) are introduced. As an example, some typical geophysical parameters, such as wildfires, lightning, vegetation indices, aerosol products, soil moisture, and precipitation estimation have been demonstrated and validated by in-situ observations and other well-known satellite products. To help users access the FY products, a set of data sharing systems has been developed and operated. The newly developed data sharing system based on cloud technology has been illustrated to improve the efficiency of data delivery.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11275138,10975072,10675090)Research Fund of Tianjin University of Technology and Education(KJYB11-3)
文摘The neutron-rich even-even nuclei^26–40Mg,^28–46Si,^30–48S, and ^32–56Ar are calculated with the RMF model and the phase-shift electron scattering method. Results show that level inversion of the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton states may occur for the magnesium, silicon, sulphur, and argon isotopes with more neutrons away from the stability line. Calculations show that the variation of the central charge densities for30–48S, and32–56Ar are very sensitive to the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton state level inversion, and the level inversion can lead to a large measurable central charge depletion to the charge density distributions for the neutron-rich isotopes. Calculations also show that the charge density diferences between the isotopes with and without central charge depletion can reveal not only the level inversion of the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton states but also the behavior of the proton wave functions of both states. The results can provide references for the possible study of the nuclear level inversion and nuclear bubble phenomenon with electron scattering of short-lived nuclei at RIKEN or/and GSI in the future. In addition, direct nuclear reaction 44S（n, d）43P or44S（3H, α）43P might also be a possible way to study the 2s1/2 and 1d3/2 proton state level inversion.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB0504900,2018YFB0504905).
文摘Following the progress of satellite data assimilation in the 1990s, the combination of meteorological satellites and numerical models has changed the way scientists understand the earth. With the evolution of numerical weather prediction models and earth system models, meteorological satellites will play a more important role in earth sciences in the future. As part of the space-based infrastructure, the Fengyun (FY) meteorological satellites have contributed to earth science sustainability studies through an open data policy and stable data quality since the first launch of the FY-1A satellite in 1988. The capability of earth system monitoring was greatly enhanced after the second-generation polar orbiting FY-3 satellites and geostationary orbiting FY-4 satellites were developed. Meanwhile, the quality of the products generated from the FY-3 and FY-4 satellites is comparable to the well-known MODIS products. FY satellite data has been utilized broadly in weather forecasting, climate and climate change investigations, environmental disaster monitoring, etc. This article reviews the instruments mounted on the FY satellites. Sensor-dependent level 1 products (radiance data) and inversion algorithm-dependent level 2 products (geophysical parameters) are introduced. As an example, some typical geophysical parameters, such as wildfires, lightning, vegetation indices, aerosol products, soil moisture, and precipitation estimation have been demonstrated and validated by in-situ observations and other well-known satellite products. To help users access the FY products, a set of data sharing systems has been developed and operated. The newly developed data sharing system based on cloud technology has been illustrated to improve the efficiency of data delivery.
