Understanding what environmental factors are genetically linked to a phenologic al event is critical for predicting responses to climate change.Photo synthetic phenology often varies among a species of evergreen conif...Understanding what environmental factors are genetically linked to a phenologic al event is critical for predicting responses to climate change.Photo synthetic phenology often varies among a species of evergreen conifers due to local adaptation.However,few empirical studies have revealed relevant relationships between climatic factors in provenance environments and photosynthetic phenology.This study evaluated the effects of environmental conditions of the growing site and seed source provenance on the seasonal changes in maximal photochemical quantum yield of photo systemⅡ(Fv/Fm)in a common garden experiment with 2-year-old seedlings of Sakhalin fir(Abies sachalinensis),a representative species with local adaptation,from four seed source provenances.A logistic model was constructed to explain the seasonal variation of Fv/Fmfrom July to October and the relationships between the estimated model parameters and representative factors featuring provenance environments were evaluated.The landscape gradient of the detected model parameters responsible for the provenance environments was visualized in a map of the distribution area.The lowest temperature was the most plausible factor in the growing environment to explain the seasonal changes of Fv/Fm.Among the representative meteorological factors of provenance environments,the lowest temperatures in July showed significant relationships with two model parameters,explaining the lower limit of Fv/Fmand the higher sensitivity of autumn Fv/Fmdecline.The estimated spatial maps of model parameters consistently showed that the higher the lowest temperature in July in the provenance environment,the lower the Fv/Fmin October and the greater the decrease in the autumn Fv/Fmdecline.Therefore,the lowest summer temperature could be associated with the local adaptation of autumn photosynthetic phenology in A.sachalinensis.展开更多
The novel Ready Player One shows Ernest Cline’s ability of space construction,and demonstrates charm and artistic value of the virtual fantasy space it depicts.It is a science fiction with perfect combination of ideo...The novel Ready Player One shows Ernest Cline’s ability of space construction,and demonstrates charm and artistic value of the virtual fantasy space it depicts.It is a science fiction with perfect combination of ideological content and artistic form.This thesis aims to discuss the Ernest Cline’s construction of the virtual pace and the real space in Ready Player One and the function of their construction.In real space,the environment is awful and dilapidated,and people’s lives are depressed.While in the virtual space,the world is colorful and people have varied ways of entertainment to fulfill their mind.This Thesis summarizes the effects brought by both the real space and virtual space for Ready Player One.With such a strong contrast,the conflict between the two spaces promotes the narrative process and also highlights the theme of the novel.展开更多
基金Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,KAKENHI(18J2013908)。
文摘Understanding what environmental factors are genetically linked to a phenologic al event is critical for predicting responses to climate change.Photo synthetic phenology often varies among a species of evergreen conifers due to local adaptation.However,few empirical studies have revealed relevant relationships between climatic factors in provenance environments and photosynthetic phenology.This study evaluated the effects of environmental conditions of the growing site and seed source provenance on the seasonal changes in maximal photochemical quantum yield of photo systemⅡ(Fv/Fm)in a common garden experiment with 2-year-old seedlings of Sakhalin fir(Abies sachalinensis),a representative species with local adaptation,from four seed source provenances.A logistic model was constructed to explain the seasonal variation of Fv/Fmfrom July to October and the relationships between the estimated model parameters and representative factors featuring provenance environments were evaluated.The landscape gradient of the detected model parameters responsible for the provenance environments was visualized in a map of the distribution area.The lowest temperature was the most plausible factor in the growing environment to explain the seasonal changes of Fv/Fm.Among the representative meteorological factors of provenance environments,the lowest temperatures in July showed significant relationships with two model parameters,explaining the lower limit of Fv/Fmand the higher sensitivity of autumn Fv/Fmdecline.The estimated spatial maps of model parameters consistently showed that the higher the lowest temperature in July in the provenance environment,the lower the Fv/Fmin October and the greater the decrease in the autumn Fv/Fmdecline.Therefore,the lowest summer temperature could be associated with the local adaptation of autumn photosynthetic phenology in A.sachalinensis.
文摘The novel Ready Player One shows Ernest Cline’s ability of space construction,and demonstrates charm and artistic value of the virtual fantasy space it depicts.It is a science fiction with perfect combination of ideological content and artistic form.This thesis aims to discuss the Ernest Cline’s construction of the virtual pace and the real space in Ready Player One and the function of their construction.In real space,the environment is awful and dilapidated,and people’s lives are depressed.While in the virtual space,the world is colorful and people have varied ways of entertainment to fulfill their mind.This Thesis summarizes the effects brought by both the real space and virtual space for Ready Player One.With such a strong contrast,the conflict between the two spaces promotes the narrative process and also highlights the theme of the novel.
