Impacts of forest management on liana diversity and community structure in a tropical forest in Ghana:implications for conservation

We studied the impacts of liana cutting as a forest management tool on liana diversity （species richness, Shannon diversity index） and community structure （diam- eter distribution, basal area, species dominance） in the Asenanyo Forest Reserve, Ghana. Two types of silvicul- turally treated forests were studied： Logging treated （LT） and Tropical Shelterwood System （TSS） treated forests. An untreated primary forest was included as a control, result- ing in three forest management systems. Lianas with diameter 〉2 cm were identified in ten 40 × 40 m2 plots within each management system. Liana cutting signifi- cantly reduced liana species richness, Shannon diversity index, and basal area in the LT forest after two decades. However, liana species richness and basal area werecomparable in the TSS treated and untreated forests, indi- cating significant recovery in the former after over six decades. Sφrensen similarity index of liana species com- position between the untreated forest and each of the treated forests was moderate. Our findings suggest that liana cutting most likely influenced the dominance of some liana species. In view of the adverse impact of blanket liana cutting on liana diversity, selective liana cutting is rec- ommended as a means of controlling liana numbers while maintaining liana diversity.

Intercontinental comparison of liana community assemblages in tropical forests of Ghana and Malaysia

Aims Liana research has increased in the past two decades,yet there is still inadequate comparison of liana communities at a cross-con-tinental scale.We compared liana assemblages in tropical forest ecosystems of Ghana and Malaysia,thereby determining patterns and mechanisms that are common or unique to the regions.Methods Liana diversity,community structure and taxonomic composition were determined in 60 plots of 40×40 m2 in three forest types(primary,disturbed secondary,selectively logged)in each biogeo-graphic area.Two traits,climbing mechanisms and dispersal modes were determined for all species and individuals via direct field observation and with published literature.Data were analyzed at biogeographic(using combined forest data)and forest-type levels.Important Findings Both observed and rarefied-extrapolated species richness of lianas were significantly higher in Ghanaian forests compared to Malaysian forests.In most cases,species diversity indices(Shannon diversity index,Margalef,Fisher’s alpha)showed significantly higher liana diversity at Ghanaian forests at biogeographic and forest-type lev-els.Similarly,Ghanaian forests harbored significantly higher values of liana abundance and basal area than Malaysian forests at both biogeographic and forest-type levels.The taxonomic composition of lianas differed considerably between the two biogeographic areas at all levels,although similarity in composition increased at generic and family levels.Though above-ground biomass of lianas was simi-lar between the two biogeographic regions,variations occurred at forest-type level between the two regions.The two biogeographic areas showed some similarities in assemblages of liana climbing mechanisms.Although more species of lianas were adapted for animal dispersal than other dispersal modes in both countries,the majority of liana individuals in Ghana were wind dispersed whereas the majority of liana individuals in Malaysia were animal dispersed.We speculate that the differences in liana community assemblages between the two biogeographic areas are due to historical and evo-lutionary processes,as well as climatic variation between the two biogeographic regions.

干热河谷稀树灌丛藤本植物叶片养分重吸收特性

为探明我国西南干热河谷地区特殊的植被类型稀树灌丛的养分重吸收规律,选取元江干热河谷的稀树灌丛10种优势藤本植物为研究对象,测定叶片热值、灰分含量、形态性状、成熟叶和凋落叶的氮磷元素含量,计算叶片构建成本,探讨叶片构建成本、叶片性状与氮磷重吸收效率之间的相互关系。结果显示:元江干热河谷稀树灌丛藤本植物叶片的氮磷重吸收效率在不同物种之间存在较大的变异,叶片氮和磷重吸收效率平均值分别为48.0%和46.2%;叶片磷重吸收效率与氮重吸收效率呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),而氮磷重吸收效率与叶片构建成本、比叶重呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05)。叶片构建成本较低的植物采取较快速的养分周转策略,以提高养分再利用效率;叶片构建成本较高的植物采取较保守的养分利用策略,养分回收效率较低。元江干热河谷的稀树灌丛藤本植物存在生活史策略的分化,以适应长期干热的生境。

Effects of human disturbance on liana community diversity and structure in a tropical rainforest, Malaysia: implication for conservation

Aim Due to the important role of lianas in the functioning of forest ecosystem,knowledge of the factors that affect them are important in the management of forests.Currently,there are conflicting reports on the response of liana communities to disturbance,calling for more research in the area.The present study was carried out to investigate the response of liana diversity and structure to human disturbance within two major forests in the Penang National Park,Malaysia.The study also looked at the implication of the findings for conservation.Methods A total of 15 40×40-m^(2)(or 40-m×40-m)plots each were randomly located across a range of habitats in a primary forest and disturbed secondary forest.Trees with diameter at breast height≥10 cm were examined for lianas with diameter≥2 cm.Both lianas and trees were enumerated and compared between the two forests.Diversity and structural variables of lianas were compared between the two forests using the t-test analysis.Tree abundance was also compared between the two forests with t-test,while linear regression analysis was run to determine the effects of tree abundance on liana abundance.Important Findings A total of 46 liana species belonging to 27 genera and 15 families were identified in the study.Human disturbance significantly reduced liana species richness and species diversity in the secondary forest.Liana abundance remained the same in both forests whereas liana basal area was;7 times higher in the primary forest.Twiners and hook climbers were significantly more abundant in the primary and secondary forest,respectively.Large diameter lianas were more abundant in the primary forest compared with the secondary forest.The diameter distribution of most families in the primary forest followed the inverted J-shaped curve whereas only a few of the families in the secondary forest did so.Tree abundance was significantly higher in the primary forest.The abundance of lianas significantly depended on tree abundance in all the forests.The study has provided evidence of negative effects of human disturbance on liana diversity and structure that does not auger well for biodiversity in the forest.In view of the critical role of lianas in maintaining biodiversity in the forest ecosystem,lianas in the national park should be protected from further exploitation.

Liana community and functional trait analysis in tropical dry evergreen forest of India

Aim lianas are abundant and diverse throughout the world and consti-tute an important structural and functional component of tropical forests.This study aims to investigate liana diversity,abundance and their functional traits in Indian tropical dry evergreen forest(TDEF).Methods a total of ten 1-ha plots,one each in 10 Indian TDEF sites were demarcated.Each 1-ha plot was divided into one-hundred 10-×10-m quadrats to facilitate woody species inventory.all lianas≥1 cm diameter measured at 130 cm from the rooting point and all trees≥10-cm girth at breast height(gbh)were recorded from the study sites to analyze the patterns of liana diversity and abundance and also to compare the contribution of lianas to the total woody species richness,density and basal area.liana variables across the study sites were compared using one-way analysis of variance.The qualitative functional traits of inventoried lianas and trees were assessed on the field and referring to pertinent field manuals.Important Findingsa total of 9237 liana individuals(ranged from 408-1658 individu-als ha^(−1))representing 52 species,45 genera and 28 families were encountered from the 10 study sites.liana species richness ranged from 11-31 species ha^(−1) in 10 sites,which averaged 23.4(±5.7)species ha^(−1).The total basal area of lianas in the study sites was 7.3 m^(2)(0.20-1.76 m^(2) ha^(−1)).There was a significant variation in liana species richness,density and basal area across the studied sites.on the whole,lianas contributed 52%,49.3%and 4.1%to the total woody species(lianas and trees)richness,density and basal area,respectively.liana trait analysis revealed the majority(50%)of lianas belonged to brevi-deciduous type.stem twining was the chief climbing mechanism,exhibited by 21 species(52.6%of total abundance).more than half of the liana species(34 species;6925 individuals)had microphyllous leaves.Fleshy-fruited lianas mostly bearing berries and drupes constituted the major fruit type in the studied sites.Zoochory was the predominant dispersal mode observed in 63.4% of species.Considering the ecological and func-tional role of lianas in Indian TDEF,the need for conservation is emphasized.

9种木质藤本的叶性状及其对光照的响应

【目的】木质藤本是热带园林的特色类群,也是城市垂直绿化的主要材料,其生长发育过程均受到光照的影响和制约。叶片是植物重要的光合作用场所,叶性状能够反映植物对光环境的适应性。研究木质藤本的叶性状对光照的响应,将为城市园林绿化建设中木质藤本植物的选择与配置应用提供理论依据和实践参考。【方法】选择广州园林中常用的9种木质藤本,通过对比自然条件下全阳组和荫蔽组的叶厚度(TH)、比叶面积(SLA)、上下表皮细胞(TUE、TLE)、栅栏组织(TPT)、海绵组织(TST)等指标差异,分析其叶性状、变异系数和表型可塑性指数等特点,探究叶性状对光照的响应规律。【结果】(1)不同木质藤本间叶干重(DW)与叶鲜重(FW)相差较大,DMC相差最小,最稳定;(2)9种木质藤本应对两种光环境表现出不同的叶性状策略,异叶地锦(Parthenocissus dalzielii)的TH为全阳组大于荫蔽组、SLA为荫蔽组大于全阳组,弱光环境中减少物质交换阻力以及增加光捕获面积,软枝黄蝉(Allamanda cathartica)的叶性状规律与之相反,其他藤本在两种光环境下的性状表现介于两者之间;(3)荫蔽组木质藤本叶片普遍表现为TH小、SLA大,TUE、TLE、TPT和TST均小的特点,趋于阴生叶的特性;(4)忍冬(Lonicera japonica)和薜荔(Ficus pumila)的TPT变异系数大于50%,为生态适应性状,DMC的表型可塑性指数最小,为最稳定的性状,TLE、DW、TPT等叶性状可塑性较强。【结论】将9种木质藤本根据光照适应性分为3类,异叶地锦为耐荫藤本,软枝黄蝉和使君子(Quisqualis indica)为喜阳藤本,薜荔、忍冬、鹰爪花(Artabotryshexapetalus)、山牵牛(Thunbergiagrandiflora)、叶子花(Bougainvilleaspectabilis)和炮仗花(Pyrostegia venusta)为中性藤本,其中前两种藤本光照适应范围较宽,后两种中性偏阳。

木质与草质藤本叶性状及对不同光环境的适应策略

以华南地区9种木质藤本和5种草质藤本为研究对象,通过测量全阳和荫蔽环境下2类藤本叶性状指标,研究其叶性状差异及相关性,分析其叶经济谱并探讨2类藤本对不同光环境的适应性策略及应用。结果表明:14种藤本植物在不同光环境中表现出不同的适应策略,总体表现为采取SLA升高、LT降低、LWC提升、LDMC降低等策略来适应荫蔽环境。草质藤本的SLA极显著高于木质藤本,而木质藤本的LDMC极显著高于草质藤本,草质藤本在叶经济谱中更倾向于“快速投资−收益”型物种,木质藤本则更倾向于“缓慢投资−收益”型物种。叶功能性状SLA、LNC、LD、LDMC、LWC间紧密相关,表现出SLA与LDMC、LD呈极显著负相关,与LNC、LWC呈极显著正相关的权衡关系。聚类结果显示,绿萝和合果芋为耐荫植物,五爪金龙、鸡矢藤、珊瑚藤、玉叶金花、炮仗花、锦屏藤、冬红为中性偏阳植物,鹰爪花、络石、软枝黄蝉、叶子花、白花油麻藤为喜阳植物。

高路堑边坡喷播藤本植物生态防护施工技术

岩质边坡上基质体混合物的配合比能够达到疏松、沥水透气,以达到保湿但不积水,透气又营养的根系生长环境。以喷播工艺进行客土基质充填,解决了岩质边坡基质客土因粘结力不足而出现脱落的问题。通过制备出满足藤本植物生长环境要求的客土基质混合物以及坡面处理、挂草帘、挂网施工、客土喷播、养护管理等施工措施,给陡坡岩面创造出适应于藤本植物生长的环境,以保证喷播后的客土基质具备藤本植物赖以生长的条件。

Indirect facilitation by a liana might explain the dominance of a small tree in a temperate forest

Aims Lianas are expected to influence composition,structure and func-tioning of forest systems due to unequal distribution across the potential set of host plants.However,our understanding of mecha-nisms associated with preferences for specific hosts is still limited,and so is our ability to discern between endogenous and exogenous forces driving forest dynamics in the long run.In this paper,we eval-uated whether the dominant liana Hedera helix can indirectly con-tribute to the eventual dominance of the small multi-stemmed tree Corylus avellana in a remnant temperate forest in central Iberian Peninsula from comparatively reduced liana infestation on C.avel-lana relative to co-occurring woody species.Methods through principal component analysis and co-occurrence ana-lysis,we studied the distribution and spatial association between woody species and the liana H.helix.We analyzed the relationship between the number of species in a plot and the number of species infested by the liana to test the hypothesis that H.helix is a gen-eralist liana.through generalized linear mixed models,we tested the dynamic-multi-stemmed growth form of C.avellana as a plaus-ible life strategy to withstand,in the long run,the liana infestation.In particular,we tested(i)the relationship between stem size and the probability of H.helix infestation including all the tree species within plots and(ii)the relationship between stem size and mortal-ity as evidence of the stem turn over in the tree C.avellana.Important Findings Our results indicate that H.helix and C.avellana significantly co-occur in mature stands of this remnant temperate forest where pion-eer woody species are absent.Hedera helix severely infests all the woody species whenever stem size exceed≈25 cm perimeter and there is physical contact at the base of the stem.this implies that all the trees in the community are potential hosts for H.helix.Mixed models indicate that both,infestation by H.helix and stem mortality,are positively related to C.avellana stem perimeter.Reduced long-term infestation of the liana by means of a multi-stemmed growth form with high stem turnover in C.avellana might be an advantage with respect to unipodial tree species.thus,the liana-tree coexistence pattern may be interpreted as an indirect positive interaction that,contrary to previous findings,results here in species dominance instead of species coexistence.

Lianas as structural parasites:A re-evaluation

Lianas are a principal physiognomic component of tropical and subtropical forests and are typically considered to be parasites of trees. In contrast, the substantial contribution of lianas to rainforest leaf litter production (up to 40%) suggests that they play important roles in nutrient cycles and may benefit their host trees. Lianas contribute disproportionately to total forest litter production at least partially because lianas invest relatively little in support structures and proportionately much more to leaf production when compared with trees. In contrast to tree leaves, liana leaves are higher in nutrient concentrations, relatively short-lived, and decompose more rapidly. In addition, the special life form of lianas allows them to grow vertically and horizontally in the forest and relocate nutrients, mainly towards their host trees, through the production of leaf litter. Consequently, lianas may contribute substantially to the high rainforest productivity, and the roles they play in liana/tree associations and rainforest dynamics needs to be re-evaluated.

森林木质藤本数量过度增长的机制与生态效应

木质藤本是维持森林物种多样性的组成部分。近年来,热带、亚热带森林尤其是次生林内的木质藤本数量的过度增长给森林的恢复和健康发展造成了威胁。至今,国内尚少有研究对森林木质藤本过多的现象、增长机制与生态效应进行综合认识。该文梳理国内外相关文献,从木质藤本数量增长的机制与生态效应进行分析和总结,综合相关研究认为:(1)木质藤本数量的增长与干旱化加剧、大气CO 2浓度上升、自然干扰和森林破碎化有关,在环境变化的情况下,木质藤本在形态、行为、生理等方面比树木更具优势,表现为更快的生长速率、更强的繁殖力和可塑性以及资源利用效率。(2)木质藤本主要通过遮荫胁迫、资源竞争和机械压力与损伤等方式对树木造成影响。(3)木质藤本过度增长在个体水平上会阻碍树木生长、生殖并引起树木死亡,在群落水平上会改变物种组成、降低多样性,在生态系统水平上会降低森林碳储量,改变碳、矿质养分和水分循环过程等。因此,建议结合野外长期监测与控制实验开展木质藤本数量动态与环境变化关系、森林干扰对木质藤本生长的影响、木质藤本对环境变化的响应及适应机理、木质藤本数量过度增长的生态效应评价研究。同时,应积极探索合理的森林木质藤本管控方法,为森林管理和恢复等方面的宏观决策提供科学依据。

三十种藤本植物在高速公路边坡绿化的评价与筛选

为了筛选出适应性强、繁殖速度快、成活率高的藤本植物,实现高速公路石质边坡快速复绿和生态恢复的效果,更好地服务广西生态文明建设,以广西崇靖和崇水高速公路为试验地,根据试验地现场调查和层次分析相结合的方法,按景观价值、适生性能、繁育难度、应用潜力以及经济性等4个因子,设置20个指标针对30种藤本植物在高速公路边坡绿化的效果与潜力进行评价与筛选。藤本植物的评价等级划分标准,结合实地调查与综合评价的分值来划分,分值≥4.00分为Ⅰ级,3.50~3.99分为Ⅱ级,3.00~3.49分为Ⅲ级。结果表明:Ⅰ级的藤本植物为囊托羊蹄甲、爬山虎、三角梅小叶浅紫、木麒麟、使君子、鸡屎藤、翅茎白粉藤、炮仗花、菰腺忍冬、常春油麻藤,为适应性较强的藤本植物;Ⅱ级的藤本植物为蒜香藤、金钟藤、凌霄、山蒟、珊瑚藤,为适应性强的藤本植物;其他均为Ⅲ级,适应性一般。

濒危植物永瓣藤叶片功能性状对环境因子的响应

植物叶片功能性状能够响应环境条件的变化,反应了植物对环境的适应策略。当前,针对藤本植物叶片功能性状地理格局及其环境驱动力的研究较少。以国家重点保护植物永瓣藤(Monimopetalum chinense)为研究对象,对其分布区内11个种群的15个叶片功能性状进行测量,并结合气候、土壤因子来解释叶性状变异。比较叶片性状在局域和区域尺度上的种内变异程度,利用多元逐步回归分析环境因子对叶性状的影响。结果表明,在局域尺度上,永瓣藤叶功能性状变异系数介于3.0%-22.5%,其中,叶面积变异程度最大,叶片碳含量变异最小。永瓣藤叶片形状随纬度上升而变得宽且圆。叶片磷含量相对较低,永瓣藤的生长可能受到了磷限制。土壤与气候因子是叶片性状的重要驱动因素,解释了25%-97%的叶片性状变异。在温度和水分充足的情况下,永瓣藤叶片趋向于的慢速生长的保守策略。总体来说,永瓣藤叶片功能性状通过一定的种内变异和性状组合,并与气候、土壤因子相互作用,适应当前的环境条件。

外来植物猫爪藤入侵性与防治研究进展

猫爪藤(Dolichandra unguis-cati)是一种原产于热带美洲的外来入侵藤本植物,最初作为观赏植物引入栽培,但随着生长区域的扩大,其对城市生态景观和物种多样性危害严重。近年来,随着经济全球化和气候变化,猫爪藤在南方,特别是一些主要沿海城市呈现较严重的入侵态势,如不加以防范,可能发展成为危害严重的入侵物种。目前,国内关于猫爪藤的相关研究甚少,对其特性了解不多。在搜集国内外相关研究文献的基础上,从繁殖策略、生长策略和竞争策略等3个方面归纳分析猫爪藤的主要研究现状。结果表明:块茎繁殖策略、运动习性、多胚现象、低叶片建成成本和凋落物遗留效应,这些特征或特性是猫爪藤入侵性的主要原由。通过研究分析,旨在揭示猫爪藤入侵性的源由和一般特点,阐明防除技术和利用价值,同时探寻研究空白点,以期为进一步深入研究猫爪藤入侵特性提供参考,为做好预警、防除和价值利用等工作提供科学依据。

支持柱与绳索间距对两种卷须类藤本植物生长的影响

【目的】研究支持物对炮仗花(Pyrostegia venusta)和鸡蛋果(Passiflora edulis)形态、生物量及生物量分配的影响,为其在垂直绿化中快速覆盖形成优美的园林景观提供理论依据。【方法】以炮仗花、鸡蛋果扦插苗为试验材料,以PVC管和竹竿为支持柱,并设置无绳索和3种间距(10,15,20 cm)的横向绳索供其攀援,以匍匐生长的植株为对照,分析不同支持物和绳索间距下植株的形态特征、生物量分配以及卷须构型的变化规律。【结果】(1)无支持物时,2种藤本植物主茎显著(P<0.05)缩短,卷须数减少。攀援无绳索的支持柱时,分枝数显著增多(P<0.05),表明植株通过增加搜寻枝扩大对支持物的寻觅范围。炮仗花在绳索间距为10 cm时,主茎长度达到最大,生成的卷须最多;鸡蛋果在绳索间距为15 cm时,主茎最长,节间数和卷须数最多。(2)2种藤本植物在无支持物时地上部生物量积累较少,表现出较高的根冠比。在网架上生长时,生物量积累随着绳索间距的增大呈现不同程度的升高,总生物量均在绳索间距为20 cm时达到最大。(3)卷须的抽生位置主要在网格中上部,受到绳索间距的极显著影响(P<0.01);卷须构型呈现由P型到S型的生长变化。炮仗花卷须以缠绕支持柱生长居多,且在绳索间距为10 cm时取得最佳攀援率;鸡蛋果卷须在绳索间距为10和15 cm时多为攀援态,绳索间距为20 cm时缠绕态比例增多,且在各绳索间距下攀援等级均为2级。【结论】2种藤本植物对不同支持物表现出相似的形态可塑性,卷须生长和生物量积累受绳索间距影响更大。园林应用中可选竹竿或PVC管作为支持柱,分别设置10和15 cm绳索间距供炮仗花、鸡蛋果攀援生长。

雪灾对哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本幼苗更新的影响

为探讨雪灾对木质藤本幼苗更新的影响,研究了雪灾前后,云南哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本幼苗的组成、物种多样性与多度的变化、多度与冠层光照指数的关系。雪灾前(2014年)后(2016年)分别在林内设置20个4 m×4 m的样方,调查样方内木质藤本幼苗(高度或长度≤50 cm)的种类、数量、基径,并测定冠层光照指数。结果表明:①雪灾前后的木质藤本幼苗分别为502株(17种)、1022株(25种);木质藤本幼苗在雪灾前(2014年)的优势种为耐荫种,雪灾后(2016年)的优势种除了葡萄酸藤子外均为喜光的物种;②木质藤本幼苗在雪灾后(2016年)的多度、物种丰富度显著高于雪灾前(2014年)。在11种最常见木质藤本幼苗物种中,雪灾后(2016年)5个喜光种的多度显著高于雪灾前(2014年),而其他6个耐荫种的差异性不显著;③雪灾前后的冠层光照指数从1.58增加到2.88(t=-5.394,p<0.05),木质藤本幼苗的多度与冠层光照指数呈显著正相关(r=0.956,p<0.01)。

广州3种乡土木质藤本生长节律及其园林应用

通过对广州地区鹰爪花Artabotrys hexapetalus、玉叶金花Mussaenda pubescens、异叶地锦Parthenocissus dalzielii等3种乡土木质藤本自然生长的定点观察和测量,探究其植株与枝条年生长规律及其园林应用特点。结果表明,3种木质藤本植物的枝条生长均符合Logistic生长模型,拟合决定系数分别为0.997、0.999和0.992,达极显著水平(P<0.01),保证了所求参数的有效性和可靠性;在年生长周期中,3种木质藤本的枝条月均生长量具有一定的规律,鹰爪花、玉叶金花有3次生长高峰,分别在3月、6月和9月;异叶地锦有2次生长高峰,分别在3月和7月。根据物候生长规律,探讨将物候生长与木质藤本植物园林应用相结合,提出3种木质藤本适宜的园林应用方式,为营造良好的木质藤本景观提供参考。

三明市区城市绿道藤本植物资源调查与分析

[目的]调查与分析三明市区城市绿道藤本植物。[方法]采用样线调查方法,沿该绿道20 km主线及山间小道,对线路两侧5 m范围内的藤本植物进行调查。[结果]三明市区城市绿道藤本植物有30科59属83种,含有蕨类植物、裸子植物、被子植物,其中被子植物有28科57属81种,且以双子叶植物为主,有25科53属77种,占总种数的92.8%;单子叶植物处于次要地位,有3科4属4种,占总种数的14.5%。此外,该绿道的藤本植物以木质藤本为主,草质藤本次之,种类超过10种的只有1个科,所含藤本植物种数占总种数的20.3%,含6~10种的科也只有1个,含2~5种藤本植物的小型科有19个科,单种有9个。该绿道未见含藤本植物6种以上的属,含2~5种的属有16个,所含藤本植物种数占总种数的48.2%,单种属比例最高,有43个属,所含种数占总种数的51.8%。且在83种藤本植物总种数中,野生的有61种、栽植的有22种,分别占藤本植物总种数的73.5%、26.5%。[结论]该绿道藤本植物多样性相对集中在少种科(属)、单种(属)中,且该绿道两旁的原有野生藤本植物资源比较丰富,植物多样性高。

安溪县野生木质藤本植物资源调查

2021年5月—2022年8月,采用野外调查和资料收集相结合的方法,对安溪县野生木质藤本植物资源进行较为全面的调查。结果显示:安溪县有野生木质藤本植物24科53属101种。从植物科属的组成上来看,缺乏大科(属),以寡种科(属)、单种科(属)为主。从属的地理组成上来看,可分为10个分布区类型和1个亚型,以热带成分为主,共有38属,占到总属数的73.08%。研究结果可为安溪县野生木质藤本植物资源的合理开发和利用提供参考。

干旱胁迫对6种藤本植物光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

为筛选出抗旱性强的藤本植物,以络石、常春油麻藤、扶芳藤、常春藤、金银花、绿爬山虎6种藤本植物的一年生扦插苗为试材,研究干旱胁迫对6种藤本植物光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数的影响,比较分析6种藤本植物的抗旱性。结果表明：随着干旱胁迫的加重,叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、光饱和点（LSP）、光补偿点（LCP）、最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、电子传递速率（ETR）及光化学猝灭系数（qp）均下降,水分利用效率（WUE）及初始荧光（Fo）提高;在轻度干旱（LS,土壤含水量为田间持水量的75%-70%）下,金银花的净光合速率（Pn）高于其他5种藤本植物,常春藤的净光合速率（Pn）低于其他5种藤本植物;在重度干旱（SS,土壤含水量为田间持水量的35%-30%）下,络石的水分利用效率最高,为7.96μmol/（m^2·s）,绿爬山虎的水分利用效率最低,为3.82μmol/（m^2·s）。从光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数等指标综合分析,抗旱性由强到弱的植物依次为络石、常春油麻藤、扶芳藤、常春藤、金银花、绿爬山虎。