Background: Confronted to the increasing suicide rate in children, clinicians have to better understand and predict suicide-related behaviours (SRBs) in children with and without depressive symptoms. Aims: To investig...Background: Confronted to the increasing suicide rate in children, clinicians have to better understand and predict suicide-related behaviours (SRBs) in children with and without depressive symptoms. Aims: To investigate associations among suicidal tendencies (thoughts and/or attempts), depression and children’s perceptions of subjective quality of life. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 157 children of 6 - 13-year-old. Results: Children who attempted or thought of suicide reported goodless subjective quality of life than nonsuicidal children did, and children who thought of or attempted suicide reported higher levels of depressive symptoms than nonsuicidal children. Limitations: A more rigorous approach to investigating suicidal ideation and depressive symptomatology as a diagnostic interview based on the DSM-IV-TR will be valuable to future progress in understanding children’s suicidality. Conclusions: Results may reflect the confirmation of depressive symptoms as risk factors for suicidality and underline the high importance of social and emotional life context among suicidal children. For this reason, more effective recognition and comprehension of the underlying affective and social conditions of children with suicidality have special importance to prevent future suicidal behaviour during adolescence.展开更多
Purpose: This study aimed to characterize mood and quality of life and to examine the associations of these areas with subjective cognitive concerns and attitudes toward genetic testing for the Common Hispanic Mutatio...Purpose: This study aimed to characterize mood and quality of life and to examine the associations of these areas with subjective cognitive concerns and attitudes toward genetic testing for the Common Hispanic Mutation, a gene that has been associated with increased risk for CCM1. Method: Fifty-four adults with previous genetic testing for the Common Hispanic Mutation completed a mail survey that included assessments of the above identified areas. Results: Self-reported depressive symptoms and quality of life did not differ between those with positive and negative genetic test results. The negative group expressed a more favorable attitude toward genetic testing (p p = 0.06). Using generalized linear regression, more subjective cognitive concerns were associated with poorer quality of life and more depressive symptoms (p p Conclusions: Subjective cognitive concerns and negative attitudes toward genetic testing may influence emotional well-being after genetic testing for the Common Hispanic Mutation. Additional research is needed that uses objective neuropsychological measures to understand the associations of subjective cognitive concerns, emotional well-being, and cognitive test performance in individuals with CCM1. There is also a need for research that focuses on protective factors and resiliency following genetic testing for CCM1 and the development of mental health interventions to preempt psychosocial difficulties.展开更多
Little is known about long-term quality of life of kidney donors. We studied subjective experiences of donors before and two years after kidney donation using in-depth interviews of eleven subjects. Interviews were au...Little is known about long-term quality of life of kidney donors. We studied subjective experiences of donors before and two years after kidney donation using in-depth interviews of eleven subjects. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed by qualitative content analysis (grounded theory). Resulting categories of this process were grouped in order to construct ideal types of subjective experiences after kidney donation. Of our donors, 64% were female, mean age was 40.4 years. Donors reported that they had had no medical problems after donation. Most displayed psychological problems, e. g. difficulties adjusting to the new situation, hypochondriacal complaints, and fear of rejection of the recipient’s kidney. Psychological complaints were particularly troublesome in case of complications of the recipient. All donors wished extended counselling after kidney donation. Identifying problems of kidney donors may be easier when doctors are trained in typical experiences. This may also guide the tailoring of individual psychological interventions.展开更多
in recent years research investigating various health benefits of Taiji practice has markedly increased. Despite this growing scientific interest, essential questions such as to what extent a Taiji course may exert no...in recent years research investigating various health benefits of Taiji practice has markedly increased. Despite this growing scientific interest, essential questions such as to what extent a Taiji course may exert noticeable effects in participants＇ everyday life, what these effects are, and how and where potential transfer effects occur, have hardly been considered. The aim of our study was to explore transfer effects from a Taiji course into participants＇ daily lives. METHODS： We conducted a longitudinal observational study in 45 healthy participants at the end of their three-month Taiji beginner course （tpl） and at two months （tp2） as well as one year after course completion （tp3）. Participants were asked to report their Taiji practice behavior at all time points, as well as to rate and describe perceived transfer effects of Taiji course contents on their daily life at tpl and tp3. RESULTS： Transfer effects were reported by 91.1% of all respondents after course completion （tpl） and persisted in 73.3% at the one-year follow-up assessment （tp3）, counting ＂increase of self-efficacy＂, ＂improvement of stress management＂, and ＂increase of body awareness＂ as the most frequently mentioned effects. Transfer effects predominantly occurred in participants＇ work and social environments, as well as during everyday activities in public areas. While self- reliant Taiji practice frequency significantly decreased from 82.2% at tpl to 55.6% at tp3 （P 〈 0.001）, the magnitude of self-reported transfer effects did not （P = 0.35）. As explorative analyses revealed, regular Taiji course attendance was highly correlated with stronger transfer effects at tpl （r = 0.51; P 〈 0.001） and tp3 （r = 0.35; P = 0.020）. Participants reporting high self-reliant Taiji practice frequency at tp2 were likely to maintain a regular practice routine at tp3 （r = 0.42; P 〈 0.004）, whereas self-reliant practice frequency and transfer effects at tpl were positively correlated with self-reliant practice frequency at tp3 on a trend level （r 〈 0.27; P 〉 0.08）. CONCLUSION： Our data underline the importance of regular course participation for pronounced and long lasting transfer effects into participants＇ everyday life. We discuss that several context and process-related aspects of a Taiji intervention are potentially relevant factors for enhancement of transfer effect.展开更多
目的探讨视听障碍(audio-visual impairments)对主观幸福感(subjective well-being,SWB)的影响,以及抑郁倾向是否中介了视听障碍与主观幸福感之间的关联。方法中国健康与退休纵向调查(The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Sur...目的探讨视听障碍(audio-visual impairments)对主观幸福感(subjective well-being,SWB)的影响,以及抑郁倾向是否中介了视听障碍与主观幸福感之间的关联。方法中国健康与退休纵向调查(The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey,CHARLS)对45岁及以上的中老年人进行问卷调查,在全国30个省级行政单位中采用多阶段抽样,分别在县(区)-村(居)-家户-个人层面上进行抽样,并在县(区)-村(居)两级抽样中,采用按人口规模成比例的概率(proportional probability sampling,PPS)抽样,最终纳入了28个省份150个县(区)的450个村/社区。本研究基于2018年的CHARLS数据展开研究,纳入标准为:(1)年龄≥60岁;(2)有完整的自我报告的视力和听力状况;(3)至少含有生活满意度、主观期望寿命、自评健康状况3项主观幸福感指标中的一个。CHARLS使用Likert五分量表测定老年人的主观幸福感,使用10项流调中心抑郁自评量表(the Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale-10,CESD-10)测定老年人的抑郁倾向。本研究采用多元回归分析视听障碍与抑郁倾向、主观幸福感之间的关联,并通过中介模型分析抑郁倾向的中介作用。双侧P值<0.05被认为有统计学意义。结果最终纳入符合标准的研究对象7620人。其中有视听障碍的患者抑郁倾向水平明显更高,主观幸福感的三项指标均较低(P值均小于0.05)。视觉障碍、听觉障碍和视听双重障碍与更高的抑郁倾向水平和更低的自评健康、主观期望寿命有关;视觉障碍和视听双重障碍与较低的生活满意度有关。抑郁倾向在视听双重障碍与生活满意度间及视觉障碍、听觉障碍、视听双重障碍与自评健康和主观期望寿命间起部分中介作用。结论在中国老年人群中,视听障碍与较低的主观幸福感状态有关,抑郁倾向在其中起着中介作用。展开更多
文摘Background: Confronted to the increasing suicide rate in children, clinicians have to better understand and predict suicide-related behaviours (SRBs) in children with and without depressive symptoms. Aims: To investigate associations among suicidal tendencies (thoughts and/or attempts), depression and children’s perceptions of subjective quality of life. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 157 children of 6 - 13-year-old. Results: Children who attempted or thought of suicide reported goodless subjective quality of life than nonsuicidal children did, and children who thought of or attempted suicide reported higher levels of depressive symptoms than nonsuicidal children. Limitations: A more rigorous approach to investigating suicidal ideation and depressive symptomatology as a diagnostic interview based on the DSM-IV-TR will be valuable to future progress in understanding children’s suicidality. Conclusions: Results may reflect the confirmation of depressive symptoms as risk factors for suicidality and underline the high importance of social and emotional life context among suicidal children. For this reason, more effective recognition and comprehension of the underlying affective and social conditions of children with suicidality have special importance to prevent future suicidal behaviour during adolescence.
文摘Purpose: This study aimed to characterize mood and quality of life and to examine the associations of these areas with subjective cognitive concerns and attitudes toward genetic testing for the Common Hispanic Mutation, a gene that has been associated with increased risk for CCM1. Method: Fifty-four adults with previous genetic testing for the Common Hispanic Mutation completed a mail survey that included assessments of the above identified areas. Results: Self-reported depressive symptoms and quality of life did not differ between those with positive and negative genetic test results. The negative group expressed a more favorable attitude toward genetic testing (p p = 0.06). Using generalized linear regression, more subjective cognitive concerns were associated with poorer quality of life and more depressive symptoms (p p Conclusions: Subjective cognitive concerns and negative attitudes toward genetic testing may influence emotional well-being after genetic testing for the Common Hispanic Mutation. Additional research is needed that uses objective neuropsychological measures to understand the associations of subjective cognitive concerns, emotional well-being, and cognitive test performance in individuals with CCM1. There is also a need for research that focuses on protective factors and resiliency following genetic testing for CCM1 and the development of mental health interventions to preempt psychosocial difficulties.
文摘Little is known about long-term quality of life of kidney donors. We studied subjective experiences of donors before and two years after kidney donation using in-depth interviews of eleven subjects. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed by qualitative content analysis (grounded theory). Resulting categories of this process were grouped in order to construct ideal types of subjective experiences after kidney donation. Of our donors, 64% were female, mean age was 40.4 years. Donors reported that they had had no medical problems after donation. Most displayed psychological problems, e. g. difficulties adjusting to the new situation, hypochondriacal complaints, and fear of rejection of the recipient’s kidney. Psychological complaints were particularly troublesome in case of complications of the recipient. All donors wished extended counselling after kidney donation. Identifying problems of kidney donors may be easier when doctors are trained in typical experiences. This may also guide the tailoring of individual psychological interventions.
基金Funding for this study was provided by Stiftung für Komplementrmedizin, Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-Rhyner Stiftung and Parrotia Stiftung
文摘in recent years research investigating various health benefits of Taiji practice has markedly increased. Despite this growing scientific interest, essential questions such as to what extent a Taiji course may exert noticeable effects in participants＇ everyday life, what these effects are, and how and where potential transfer effects occur, have hardly been considered. The aim of our study was to explore transfer effects from a Taiji course into participants＇ daily lives. METHODS： We conducted a longitudinal observational study in 45 healthy participants at the end of their three-month Taiji beginner course （tpl） and at two months （tp2） as well as one year after course completion （tp3）. Participants were asked to report their Taiji practice behavior at all time points, as well as to rate and describe perceived transfer effects of Taiji course contents on their daily life at tpl and tp3. RESULTS： Transfer effects were reported by 91.1% of all respondents after course completion （tpl） and persisted in 73.3% at the one-year follow-up assessment （tp3）, counting ＂increase of self-efficacy＂, ＂improvement of stress management＂, and ＂increase of body awareness＂ as the most frequently mentioned effects. Transfer effects predominantly occurred in participants＇ work and social environments, as well as during everyday activities in public areas. While self- reliant Taiji practice frequency significantly decreased from 82.2% at tpl to 55.6% at tp3 （P 〈 0.001）, the magnitude of self-reported transfer effects did not （P = 0.35）. As explorative analyses revealed, regular Taiji course attendance was highly correlated with stronger transfer effects at tpl （r = 0.51; P 〈 0.001） and tp3 （r = 0.35; P = 0.020）. Participants reporting high self-reliant Taiji practice frequency at tp2 were likely to maintain a regular practice routine at tp3 （r = 0.42; P 〈 0.004）, whereas self-reliant practice frequency and transfer effects at tpl were positively correlated with self-reliant practice frequency at tp3 on a trend level （r 〈 0.27; P 〉 0.08）. CONCLUSION： Our data underline the importance of regular course participation for pronounced and long lasting transfer effects into participants＇ everyday life. We discuss that several context and process-related aspects of a Taiji intervention are potentially relevant factors for enhancement of transfer effect.
文摘目的探讨视听障碍(audio-visual impairments)对主观幸福感(subjective well-being,SWB)的影响,以及抑郁倾向是否中介了视听障碍与主观幸福感之间的关联。方法中国健康与退休纵向调查(The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey,CHARLS)对45岁及以上的中老年人进行问卷调查,在全国30个省级行政单位中采用多阶段抽样,分别在县(区)-村(居)-家户-个人层面上进行抽样,并在县(区)-村(居)两级抽样中,采用按人口规模成比例的概率(proportional probability sampling,PPS)抽样,最终纳入了28个省份150个县(区)的450个村/社区。本研究基于2018年的CHARLS数据展开研究,纳入标准为:(1)年龄≥60岁;(2)有完整的自我报告的视力和听力状况;(3)至少含有生活满意度、主观期望寿命、自评健康状况3项主观幸福感指标中的一个。CHARLS使用Likert五分量表测定老年人的主观幸福感,使用10项流调中心抑郁自评量表(the Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale-10,CESD-10)测定老年人的抑郁倾向。本研究采用多元回归分析视听障碍与抑郁倾向、主观幸福感之间的关联,并通过中介模型分析抑郁倾向的中介作用。双侧P值<0.05被认为有统计学意义。结果最终纳入符合标准的研究对象7620人。其中有视听障碍的患者抑郁倾向水平明显更高,主观幸福感的三项指标均较低(P值均小于0.05)。视觉障碍、听觉障碍和视听双重障碍与更高的抑郁倾向水平和更低的自评健康、主观期望寿命有关;视觉障碍和视听双重障碍与较低的生活满意度有关。抑郁倾向在视听双重障碍与生活满意度间及视觉障碍、听觉障碍、视听双重障碍与自评健康和主观期望寿命间起部分中介作用。结论在中国老年人群中,视听障碍与较低的主观幸福感状态有关,抑郁倾向在其中起着中介作用。
