基于RL-LSTM的空中目标意图识别方法

空中目标意图识别是战场态势认知的重要部分。为了进一步提高空中目标意图识别准确率及实时性,提出了基于改进长短时记忆(long short-term memory,LSTM)网络模型RL-LSTM的空中目标意图识别方法。首先获取目标实时的状态数据,以最后时刻目标状态作为模型输入,利用RL-LSTM模型来学习7种常见意图的运动及时间相关特征信息,最后,通过Softmax分类器实现目标意图识别。仿真实验表明,该模型提升了现有神经网络模型的识别准确率及识别效率。

Fully relativistic energies,transition properties,and lifetimes of lithium-like germanium

Employing two fully relativistic methods,the multi-reference configuration Dirac-Hartree-Fock(MCDHF)methodand the relativistic many-body perturbation theory(RMBPT)method,we report energies and lifetime values for the lowest35 energy levels of the(1s^(2))nl configurations(where the principal quantum number n=2-6 and the angular quantum numberl=0,...,n-1)of lithium-like germanium(Ge XXX),as well as complete data on the transition wavelengths,radiativerates,absorption oscillator strengths,and line strengths between the levels.Both the allowed(E1)and forbidden(magneticdipole M1,magnetic quadrupole M2,and electric quadrupole E2)ones are reported.The results from the two methodsare consistent with each other and align well with previous accurate experimental and theoretical findings.We assess theoverall accuracies of present RMBPT results to be likely the most precise ones to date.The present fully relativistic resultsshould be helpful for soft x-ray laser research,spectral line identification,plasma modeling and diagnosing.The datasetspresented in this paper are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00135.

Insights and reviews on battery lifetime prediction from research to practice

The rising demand for energy storage solutions,especially in the electric vehicle and renewable energy sectors,highlights the importance of accurately predicting battery health to enhance their longevity and reliability.This article comprehensively examines various methods used to forecast battery health,including physics-based models,empirical models,and equivalent circuit models,among others.It delves into the promise of data-driven prognostics,utilizing both conventional machine learning and cuttingedge deep neural network techniques.The advantages and limitations of hybrid models are thoroughly analyzed,with a focus on the benefits of integrating diverse data sources to improve prognostic precision.Through practical case studies,the article showcases the effectiveness and flexibility of these approaches.It also critically addresses the challenges encountered in applying battery health prognostics in realworld scenarios,such as issues of scalability,complexity,and data anomalies.Despite these challenges,the article underscores the emerging opportunities brought about by recent technological,academic,and research advancements.These include the development of digital twin models for batteries,the use of data-centric AI and standardized benchmarking,the potential integration of blockchain technology for enhanced data security and transparency,and the synergy between edge and cloud computing to boost data analysis and processing.The primary goal of this article is to enrich the understanding of current battery health prognostic techniques and to inspire further research aimed at overcoming existing hurdles and tapping into new opportunities.It concludes with a visionary perspective on future research directions and potential developments in this evolving field,encouraging both researchers and practitioners to explore innovative solutions.

Improved Variable Forgetting Factor Proportionate RLS Algorithm with Sparse Penalty and Fast Implementation Using DCD Iterations

The proportionate recursive least squares(PRLS)algorithm has shown faster convergence and better performance than both proportionate updating(PU)mechanism based least mean squares(LMS)algorithms and RLS algorithms with a sparse regularization term.In this paper,we propose a variable forgetting factor(VFF)PRLS algorithm with a sparse penalty,e.g.,l_(1)-norm,for sparse identification.To reduce the computation complexity of the proposed algorithm,a fast implementation method based on dichotomous coordinate descent(DCD)algorithm is also derived.Simulation results indicate superior performance of the proposed algorithm.

Gross Alpha and Beta Activities and Related Lifetime Risks Assessment Due to Ingestion of Drinking Water from Different Sources in the District of Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire

Drinking good quality water is essential for better health. It is therefore essential to assess the radiological quality of all water consumed in the District of Abidjan in order to prevent related hazards. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the risk of cancer due to the ingestion of alpha and beta emitting radionuclides in the different types of water consumed in the region. A total of 63 water samples with 43 tap water samples, 5 bottled mineral water and 15 sachet water samples was collected and taken to GAEC laboratory for analysis. The low background Gas-less Automatic Alpha/Beta counting system (Canberra iMaticTM) was used to determine alpha and beta activity concentrations. Activity concentrations of both gross alpha and gross beta obtained in water sample were respectively lower than the WHO recommended limits of 0.1 Bq/l and 1 Bq/l. Also, the annual effective dose and total equivalent effective dose found in mineral bottled water samples were higher than in other types of water. The assessment of radiological lifetime risk has shown values of cancer risk due to ingestion alpha and beta emitters lower than recommended limit. These results indicate that there is no health hazard associated to consumption of water in the District of Abidjan.

Adaptive Optimal Output Regulation of Interconnected Singularly Perturbed Systems With Application to Power Systems

This article studies the adaptive optimal output regulation problem for a class of interconnected singularly perturbed systems(SPSs) with unknown dynamics based on reinforcement learning(RL).Taking into account the slow and fast characteristics among system states,the interconnected SPS is decomposed into the slow time-scale dynamics and the fast timescale dynamics through singular perturbation theory.For the fast time-scale dynamics with interconnections,we devise a decentralized optimal control strategy by selecting appropriate weight matrices in the cost function.For the slow time-scale dynamics with unknown system parameters,an off-policy RL algorithm with convergence guarantee is given to learn the optimal control strategy in terms of measurement data.By combining the slow and fast controllers,we establish the composite decentralized adaptive optimal output regulator,and rigorously analyze the stability and optimality of the closed-loop system.The proposed decomposition design not only bypasses the numerical stiffness but also alleviates the high-dimensionality.The efficacy of the proposed methodology is validated by a load-frequency control application of a two-area power system.

重组新城疫病毒rL-RVG通过p53-YAP1-ACSL4通路诱导肺腺癌细胞铁死亡

目的旨在探究重组新城疫病毒rL-RVG是否通过p53-YAP1-ACSL4通路影响肺腺癌细胞铁死亡。方法体外培养人肺腺癌细胞系A549、PC9,将处于对数增殖期的细胞分为对照组(NC组)、新城疫病毒感染组(NDV组)、重组新城疫病毒感染组(rL-RVG组)、铁死亡诱导剂组(Erastin组)及铁死亡抑制剂组(NAC组)。在病毒感染和铁死亡诱导剂、抑制剂干预后,通过CCK-8、划痕实验和Transwell来检测细胞的功能学变化,包括细胞活力、迁移能力和侵袭能力;光学显微镜观察细胞形态改变。使用流式细胞术和荧光显微镜来测定细胞中ROS的含量,用酶标仪对MDA含量进行测定,通过Western blot和实时荧光定量PCR来检测铁死亡相关蛋白p53、YAP1及ACSL4的表达。结果与NC组相比,rL-RVG组细胞生长、迁移及侵袭能力明显下降(P<0.01);ROS及MDA水平升高且与铁死亡诱导剂组相比含量显著提高(P<0.01),铁死亡抑制剂干预后含量均减少(P<0.01);铁死亡关键蛋白p53、YAP1、ACSL4表达量明显升高(P<0.01);Si-RNA敲减YAP1和ACSL4后相应蛋白的表达量减少(P<0.01),并且ROS和MDA含量均减少(P<0.01)。结论rL-RVG可以有效地阻止肺腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和扩散,并且能够通过p53-YAP1-ACSL4轴增加脂质过氧化物和细胞活性氧的含量,最终诱导肿瘤细胞铁死亡。

基于RLS和EKF算法的锂离子动力电池荷电状态估计

电池荷电状态(SOC)是电动汽车电池管理系统的关键参数之一,影响着整车性能与安全。文章以一阶Thevenin等效电路作为电池模型,采用递推最小二乘法(RLS)对电池进行参数辨识,再运用扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法估算电池的SOC。将估算结果与试验测量结果进行对比,结果显示,RLS-EKF的联合算法可有效估计电池的SOC值,估算误差值基本保持在2%以内。

Omni-Channel Retailing and Firm Performance from a Customer Lifetime Value Perspective

In the digital era,retailers are keen to find out whether omni-channel retailing helps improve long-term firm performance.In this paper,we employ machine learning techniques on a large consumption data set in order to measure customer lifetime value(CLV)as the basis for determining long-term firm performance,and we provide an empirical analysis of the relationship between omni-channel retailing and CLV.The results suggest that omni-channel retailing may effectively enhance CLV.Further analysis reveals that this process is influenced by heterogeneous consumer requirements and that significant differences exist in the extent to which the omni-channel transition may influence CLV depending on consumer preferences for diversity of commodities,sensitivity to the cost of contract performance,and sensitivity to warehousing costs.Hence,retailers should provide consumers with a complete portfolio of goods and services based on target consumers’heterogeneous requirements in order to increase omni-channel efficiency.

基于VDFE-RLS的单波长200 Gbit/s光接入系统(特邀)

【目的】高速无源光接入网络中存在光纤色散、非线性损伤和带宽限制等问题,导致传统强度调制和直接检测技术的功率预算损失较高,难以满足高速无源光接入网络的要求。【方法】为了更好地提升强度调制和直接检测光接入系统的速率和性能,文章在Volterra判决反馈均衡器(VDFE)的基础上,研究了基于递推最小二乘估计(RLS)算法的VDFE-RLS信道均衡方法。该均衡器采用RLS算法对其中的抽头系数进行更新。该均衡器包含了一、二、三阶Volterra级数,其中一阶Volterra级数对线性损伤进行补偿,二阶和三阶Volterra级数能够对非线性损伤进行补偿。文章将该均衡器应用于经过20 km传输后的单波长为200 Gbit/s的O波段强度调制和直接检测技术的下行光接入系统中。【结果】实验结果表明,RLS算法相比传统的最小均方(LMS)算法在均衡器中表现出来的性能更好。此外,VDFE-RLS可以实现>29 dB的功率预算。VDFE-RLS相比于传统的基于Volterra的前馈均衡器(VFFE),当VDFE-RLS和VFFE-RLS均衡器长度相同时,可以实现2.2 dB功率预算的提升。当VDFE-RLS的均衡器长度为VFFE-RLS的一半时,前者相比后者仍可以提升0.5 dB的功率预算。【结论】文章所述系统相比其他传统系统在能够缩短均衡器长度的同时,能提高系统的功率预算,还能最终恢复出准确度较高的信号。

Capacitorless Solid-state Power Filter for Single-phase DC-AC Converters

Converters rely on passive filtering as a crucial element due to the high-frequency operational characteristics of power electronics.Traditional filtering methods involve a dual inductor-capacitor(LC)cell or an inductor-capacitor-inductor(LCL)T-circuit.However,capacitors are susceptible to wear-out mechanisms and failure modes.Nevertheless,the necessity for monitoring and regular replacement adds to an elevated cost of ownership for such systems.The utilization of an active output power filter can be used to diminish the dimensions of the LC filter and the electrolytic dc-link capacitor,even though the inclusion of capacitors remains an indispensable part of the system.This paper introduces capacitorless solid-state power filter(SSPF)for single-phase dc-ac converters.The proposed configuration is capable of generating a sinusoidal ac voltage without relying on capacitors.The proposed filter,composed of a planar transformer and an H-bridge converter operating at high frequency,injects voltage harmonics to attain a sinusoidal output voltage.The design parameters of the planar transformer are incorporated,and the impact of magnetizing and leakage inductances on the operation of the SSPF is illustrated.Theoretical analysis,supported by simulation and experimental results,are provided for a design example for a single-phase system.The total harmonic distortion observed in the output voltage is well below the IEEE 519 standard.The system operation is experimentally tested under both steady-state and dynamic conditions.A comparison with existing technology is presented,demonstrating that the proposed topology reduces the passive components used for filtering.

Stochastic Ranking Improved Teaching-Learning and Adaptive Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm-Based Clustering Scheme for Augmenting Network Lifetime in WSNs

In Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),Clustering process is widely utilized for increasing the lifespan with sustained energy stability during data transmission.Several clustering protocols were devised for extending network lifetime,but most of them failed in handling the problem of fixed clustering,static rounds,and inadequate Cluster Head(CH)selection criteria which consumes more energy.In this paper,Stochastic Ranking Improved Teaching-Learning and Adaptive Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm(SRITL-AGOA)-based Clustering Scheme for energy stabilization and extending network lifespan.This SRITL-AGOA selected CH depending on the weightage of factors such as node mobility degree,neighbour's density distance to sink,single-hop or multihop communication and Residual Energy(RE)that directly influences the energy consumption of sensor nodes.In specific,Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm(GOA)is improved through tangent-based nonlinear strategy for enhancing the ability of global optimization.On the other hand,stochastic ranking and violation constraint handling strategies are embedded into Teaching-Learning-based Optimization Algorithm(TLOA)for improving its exploitation tendencies.Then,SR and VCH improved TLOA is embedded into the exploitation phase of AGOA for selecting better CH by maintaining better balance amid exploration and exploitation.Simulation results confirmed that the proposed SRITL-AGOA improved throughput by 21.86%,network stability by 18.94%,load balancing by 16.14%with minimized energy depletion by19.21%,compared to the competitive CH selection approaches.

基于RLS 算法的均衡器在水下光通信中的应用研究

随着海洋电子信息的快速发展,水下通信技术受到广泛关注。本文针对水下光通信中信道干扰大、传输效率低等问题,研究了基于RLS算法的均衡器在改善水下光通信信号畸变中的作用,并通过前馈均衡器(FFE)和判决反馈均衡器(DFE)对均衡器结构进行改进。最终通过MATLAB仿真实验发现,基于RLS算法的FFE-DFE均衡器相较于单一均衡器能改善水下光通信中的信号畸变,这对于水下光通信的进一步研究提供帮助。

重组新城疫病毒rL-RVG抑制人肺腺癌细胞系增殖

目的探讨表达狂犬病毒糖蛋白的重组新城疫病毒rL-RVG抑制人肺腺癌细胞系A549和PC9增殖。方法体外培养人肺腺癌细胞系A549、PC9,将处于对数增殖期的细胞分为对照组、新城疫病毒感染组(NDV)、重组新城疫病毒感染组(rL-RVG)、铁死亡诱导剂组(Erastin)和重组新城疫病毒联合铁死亡诱导剂组(rL-RVG+Erastin)。病毒及药物感染细胞24 h后,光学显微镜下观察细胞形态,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力,划痕试验检测细胞迁移能力,细胞毒性检测试剂盒测定乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量,流式细胞术检测细胞内活性氧(ROS)含量,Western blot检测铁死亡相关蛋白p53、SLC7A11、GPX4的表达。结果与对照组相比,NDV组、rL-RVG组、Erastin组细胞数、细胞增殖能力及迁移的距离明显降低(P均<0.001),LDH释放量和总ROS水平显著提高(P<0.01),p53蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.001),而SLC7A11、GPX4蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.001)。rL-RVG组与NDV组相比上述结果更明显(P<0.05),rL-RVG+Erastin组与rL-RVG组和Erastin组相比细胞数、细胞增殖能力及迁移的距离明显减少(P<0.05),LDH释放量和总ROS水平显著提高(P<0.05),P53蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.001),而SLC7A11、GPX4蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.001)。结论rL-RVG可以发挥类似Erastin抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用,且其效果远远强于NDV。这为rL-RVG诱导的细胞死亡提供了新的见解,并强调了病毒在治疗肿瘤中的关键作用。

基于SMO和RLS的航空电推进永磁电机驱动系统

针对大功率航空电推进驱动系统高可靠性和轻量化特性的需求,本文提出了一种基于滑模观测器(SMO)和递推最小二乘法(RLS)的多模式无位置传感器控制策略。首先通过SMO对扩展反电动势进行观测,并对转速估算值进行多模式处理,实现了快速、准确地提取出电机的转子位置角及转速等信息;再由RLS对永磁体磁链等参数进行辨识,依据辨识结果对控制器中的相关控制参数进行整定,并对观测器参数进行更新,提高了系统的鲁棒性。本文对300kW的永磁同步电机电推进驱动系统进行了实例仿真,验证了所提方案的有效性。本文所提出的方案可以实现可靠的无位置传感器驱动控制,具有快速的动态性能和较高的鲁棒性,为相关航空电推进驱动系统控制方案的设计和研究提供了参考。

Topology Driven Cooperative Self Scheduling for Improved Lifetime Maximization in WSN

In Wireless Sensor Network(WSN),scheduling is one of the important issues that impacts the lifetime of entire WSN.Various scheduling schemes have been proposed earlier to increase the lifetime of the network.Still,the results from such methods are compromised in terms of achieving high lifetime.With this objective to increase the lifetime of network,an Efficient Topology driven Cooperative Self-Scheduling(TDCSS)model is recommended in this study.Instead of scheduling the network nodes in a centralized manner,a combined approach is proposed.Based on the situation,the proposed TDCSS approach performs scheduling in both the ways.By sharing the node statistics in a periodic manner,the overhead during the transmission of control packets gets reduced.This in turn impacts the lifetime of all the nodes.Further,this also reduces the number of idle conditions of each sensor node which is required for every cycle.The proposed method enables every sensor to schedule its own conditions according to duty cycle and topology constraints.Central scheduler monitors the network conditions whereas total transmissions occurs at every cycle.According to this,the source can infer the possible routes in a cycle and approximate the available routes.Further,based on the statistics of previous transmissions,the routes towards the sink are identified.Among the routes found,a single optimal route with energy efficiency is selected to perform data transmission.This cooperative approach improves the lifetime of entire network with high throughput performance.

基于RLS的锂电池全工况自适应等效电路模型

为提高电池模型参数辨识的准确性和模型的适应性,文章对双极化(DP)电路模型展开研究。首先,根据模型参数不同的时变特性,通过将欧姆电阻的辨识过程分离,减少需要辨识的参数数量,进而降低待辨识参数之间的相互影响,提高递推最小二乘法(RLS)辨识精度的同时减少计算量;其次,根据模型参数在线和离线辨识对不同工况的适应性,提出一种全工况自适应等效电路模型(ECM),进一步提高模型精度;最后,以模型精度和运行速度作为指标,建立模型评价方法,验证了自适应输出ECM的优越性。仿真实验表明,相比于欧姆电阻已知的R-DP在线模型、DP在线模型和DP离线模型,基于RLS的全工况自适应ECM具有更高的精度,能够在精度和速度之间实现更好的平衡。

一种基于无偏协方差估计RLS的自适应阵列天线抗干扰算法

递推最小二乘法(RLS)是自适应阵列天线抗干扰的主要算法之一。为提高RLS算法对遗忘因子选择健壮性,避免因遗忘因子选择不当所造成的算法不收敛问题,针对自适应阵列天线的多路接收信号,基于其无偏协方差矩阵模型,推导设计出了一种新的RLS算法,相比于常规RLS,在该算法中遗忘因子可以更加精确地控制RLS迭代过程项,降低因遗忘因子设置不当而造成的算法不收敛风险。通过仿真验证了算法的有效性。

Impacts of hydrogen annealing on the carrier lifetimes in p-type 4H-SiC after thermal oxidation

Thermal oxidation and hydrogen annealing were applied on a 100μm thick Al-doped p-type 4H-Si C epitaxial wafer to modulate the minority carrier lifetime,which was investigated by microwave photoconductive decay(μ-PCD).The minority carrier lifetime decreased after each thermal oxidation.On the contrary,with the hydrogen annealing time increasing to3 hours,the minority carrier lifetime increased from 1.1μs(as-grown)to 3.14μs and then saturated after the annealing time reached 4 hours.The increase of surface roughness from 0.236 nm to 0.316 nm may also be one of the reasons for limiting the further improvement of the minority carrier lifetimes.Moreover,the whole wafer mappings of minority carrier lifetimes before and after hydrogen annealing were measured and discussed.The average minority carrier lifetime was up to 1.94μs and non-uniformity of carrier lifetime reached 38%after 4-hour hydrogen annealing.The increasing minority carrier lifetimes could be attributed to the double mechanisms of excess carbon atoms diffusion caused by selective etching of Si atoms and passivation of deep-level defects by hydrogen atoms.

Fully relativistic many-body perturbation energies,transition properties,and lifetimes of lithium-like iron Fe XXIV

Employing the advanced relativistic configuration interaction(RCI)combined with the many-body perturbation theory(RMBPT)method,we report energies and lifetime values for the lowest 35 energy levels from the(1s^(2))nl configurations(where the principal quantum number n=2–6 and the angular quantum number l=0,...,n-1)of lithium-like iron Fe XXIV,as well as complete data on the transition wavelengths,radiative rates,absorption oscillator strengths,and line strengths between the levels.Both the allowed(E1)and forbidden(magnetic dipole M1,magnetic quadrupole M2,and electric quadrupole E2)ones are reported.Through detailed comparisons with previous results,we assess the overall accuracies of present RMBPT results to be likely the most precise ones to date.Configuration interaction effects are found to be very important for the energies and radiative properties for the ion.The present RMBPT results are valuable for spectral line identification,plasma modeling,and diagnosing.