Recently,the isomerization of light naphtha has been increasingly significant in assisting refiners in meeting sternness specifications for gasoline.Isomerization process provides refiners with the advantage of reduci...Recently,the isomerization of light naphtha has been increasingly significant in assisting refiners in meeting sternness specifications for gasoline.Isomerization process provides refiners with the advantage of reducing sulfur,olefin,and benzene in the gasoline basin without significantly victimizing the octane.The mathematical modeling of a chemical reaction is a critical tool due to it can used to optimize the experimental data to estimate the optimum operating conditions for industrial reactors.This paper describes light naphtha isomerization reactions over a Pt/Al_(2)O_(3)-Cl catalyst at the Al-Dura Oil Refinery(Baghdad,Iraq)using a newly developed universal mathematical model.The proposed kinetic model involves 117 isomerization reactions and 90 cracking reactions to describe 52 real components graded from methane to n-octane.A Genetic Algorithm stochastic optimization technique applied in MATLAB R2020a software was employed to estimate the optimal set of kinetic parameters.The calculated activation energies for hydrocracking reactions was found to be higher than the other reactions because of hydrocracking reactions occur at higher range of temperatures.By benchmarking between the experimental and theoretical results for all 117 data sets,the mean absolute error was obtained to be 0.00360 for all 52 components.Also,a positive effect of increasing reaction temperatures was recognized on enhancing the research octane number(RON).展开更多
介绍了国内首套引进Shell Global Solutions技术的400万t/a加氢裂化装置的工艺流程、技术特点和运行工况。该装置采用炉后混油流程、分馏系统汽提塔和稳定塔采用双再沸器设计、反应注水部分循环利用等新技术。100%设计负荷下的标定结果...介绍了国内首套引进Shell Global Solutions技术的400万t/a加氢裂化装置的工艺流程、技术特点和运行工况。该装置采用炉后混油流程、分馏系统汽提塔和稳定塔采用双再沸器设计、反应注水部分循环利用等新技术。100%设计负荷下的标定结果表明,在精制和裂化催化剂平均反应温度比设计值低约20℃的情况下,产品液体总收率为98.07%,中馏分油收率为56.30%,气体收率为4.55%,化学氢耗为2.70%,装置能耗为26.050 3 kg/t(以标准油计)。展开更多
文摘Recently,the isomerization of light naphtha has been increasingly significant in assisting refiners in meeting sternness specifications for gasoline.Isomerization process provides refiners with the advantage of reducing sulfur,olefin,and benzene in the gasoline basin without significantly victimizing the octane.The mathematical modeling of a chemical reaction is a critical tool due to it can used to optimize the experimental data to estimate the optimum operating conditions for industrial reactors.This paper describes light naphtha isomerization reactions over a Pt/Al_(2)O_(3)-Cl catalyst at the Al-Dura Oil Refinery(Baghdad,Iraq)using a newly developed universal mathematical model.The proposed kinetic model involves 117 isomerization reactions and 90 cracking reactions to describe 52 real components graded from methane to n-octane.A Genetic Algorithm stochastic optimization technique applied in MATLAB R2020a software was employed to estimate the optimal set of kinetic parameters.The calculated activation energies for hydrocracking reactions was found to be higher than the other reactions because of hydrocracking reactions occur at higher range of temperatures.By benchmarking between the experimental and theoretical results for all 117 data sets,the mean absolute error was obtained to be 0.00360 for all 52 components.Also,a positive effect of increasing reaction temperatures was recognized on enhancing the research octane number(RON).
文摘介绍了国内首套引进Shell Global Solutions技术的400万t/a加氢裂化装置的工艺流程、技术特点和运行工况。该装置采用炉后混油流程、分馏系统汽提塔和稳定塔采用双再沸器设计、反应注水部分循环利用等新技术。100%设计负荷下的标定结果表明,在精制和裂化催化剂平均反应温度比设计值低约20℃的情况下,产品液体总收率为98.07%,中馏分油收率为56.30%,气体收率为4.55%,化学氢耗为2.70%,装置能耗为26.050 3 kg/t(以标准油计)。
