Rapid determination of Cl^- by light-absorption ratio variation approach using Cl^-eosin Y-Ag^＋ adsorptive precipitation

The adsorptive precipitation between eosin Y （EY） and AgCl colloids at pH 3.73 caused the sensitive color change of the solution. The reaction mechanism between EY and AgCl was analyzed and this reaction was used for determination of Cl^- in trace level by the light-absorption radio variation approach.

Attenuation characteristics of a light attenuator combined by polarizers with different extinction ratios

This paper deals with a systematical analysis and an algorithm of attenuation characteristics of a light attenuator combined by n pieces of polarizers （n-LACP） whose extinction ratios are different from each other. The attenuation ratio expression of a two-LACP is deduced. We find that the monotonic attenuation interval depends on the first polarizer and that the attenuation range depends on the second one. For the three-LACP, a method for obtaining a monotonic attenuation interval is proposed. Moreover, the attenuation ratio expression is demonstrated. Analysis and experiment show that when the initial status of the three-LACP is at the maximum output, if the second or third polarizer rotates alone, the minimum attenuation ratios can reach K2^-1 and K3^-1, respectively, and if the first polarizer rotates, a minimum attenuation ratio of K2^-1K3^-1 can be obtained （K1, K2 and K3 represent the extinction ratios of the three polarizers in turn）. Furthermore, the attenuation ratio expression of n-LACP and the relevant attenuation characteristics are proposed. The minimum attenuation ratio of an n-LACP is （K2K3 ... Kn）-1.

沿面放电光脉冲发展特征与临界击穿判据研究

绝缘沿面放电是引起高压开关柜中滑闪及电弧击穿的主要原因和前期阶段,准确有效地对绝缘异常爬电进行监测、跟踪和预警对保障设备安全运行非常关键。该文通过试验研究强垂直分量绝缘爬电的光脉冲阶段特征,并提出基于多波段光谱辐射强度信息的放电发展阶段划分方法和临界击穿判据,从而建立基于多波段光谱强度比值的放电跟踪预警方法。首先,搭建多波段单光子试验系统,采用自制多波段光学传感装置对沿面放电发展全过程跟踪测量,获得表征放电发展过程光谱比率的统计参量;其次,借助模糊聚类算法和支持向量机,构建放电发展临界特征空间边界,并对放电严重程度进行量化评估,结果表明该方法对放电阶段的正判率达到96.9%以上;最后,确立基于光谱比率的放电危险性主动预警逻辑,并开发了放电光脉冲跟踪预警系统,为开关柜放电和弧光监测的创新应用提供了参考。

脉搏血氧仪校准方法的研究

本方法适用于光电式的脉搏血氧仪(计)、脉搏血氧饱和度监护仪以及多参数监护仪中脉搏血氧监护部分的校准。在脉搏血氧仪质量控制方面,国家并没有专门的计量标准,各地依据当地的实际情况出台了地方标准,但是均没有关于光吸收比率拟合曲线误差的测量。本文主要介绍了脉搏血氧仪的组成和用途,针对目前临床在用设备,研究了脉搏血氧仪的校准方法,增加了光吸收比率拟合曲线示值误差项目,并对该校准方法进行了验证实验。此研究的目的是为开展相应的质量控制工作提供技术依据,希望通过质量控制确保脉搏血氧仪设备良好运行,有效保障医疗安全。

基于水光电力系统时序生产模拟模型的水光优化配比研究

基于考虑系统负荷、新能源发电出力等时序变化特性的时序生产模拟法,建立了水光电力系统时序生产模拟模型;从系统结构性、经济性、灵活性与可靠性方面综合确定最佳水光容量配比,并通过金沙江上游川藏段水光系统验证了模型的合理性。金沙江上游川藏段光伏电站与水电站出力具有较好的年内、日内互补特性;对于2030年水平年,考虑枯期水电留存,913.6万kW水电配套400万kW光伏的方案综合性能更优,其新增非水可再生电量约60亿kW·h。

无线紫外光MIMO通信系统信道容量估算方法

无线紫外光通信系统易受大气散射等因素的影响,导致通信信道容量估算准确率较低。为此,提出一种无线紫外光多入多出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)通信系统信道容量估算方法。根据信道特征,构建无线紫外光MIMO通信系统的信道容量估计模型,获取无线紫外光的单次散射传输特性,利用符号补码式的方法改进空时编码,设定高级检测器中符号的接收能耗,使每个符号保持在标准功率数值范围内,完成通信系统信道检测式编码。根据不同发射角和接收角计算无线紫外光通信的路径损耗比,通过泊松随机分布获得最终通信系统信道容量的估算结果。实验结果表明,所提方法的传输速率可高达8 Mbps,误码率始终低于10-3bit/s,估算准确率在90%以上,估计时间低于4 ms,估算效果好,可为通信行业发展提供理论依据。

基于Raptor编码的多输入多输出光通信系统设计

为了提高可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)系统的复用增益,本文提出一种基于多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO)的固定比例像素化VLC系统。系统首先执行空间角度映射,使数据的传送可在角域中进行;同时利用Raptor编码方法来跟踪由于窗口截断而引起的数据信道特性变化;然后对于使用高速相机捕捉到的一系列时变图像,利用散景效应获得所有链路距离上的固定比例图像。实验利用液晶显示器和高速相机,对所提出的VLC系统进行了验证。与传统的像素化MIMO系统相比,本文所提出的系统在未对准朝向的情境下具有更高的鲁棒性,从而在多路复用场景有着广泛的应用前景。

不同绿蓝光比例对罗勒生长及其能源利用效率的影响

【目的】在红光(R,660 nm)保持定量的条件下,探究不同绿蓝光比例(G/B)对罗勒(Ocimum basilicum Linn.)生长、气孔特征、光合能力以及能源利用效率的影响,为植物工厂罗勒高效节能生产提供技术支撑。【方法】在植物工厂环境下,以罗勒为试验材料,将生长19 d的罗勒幼苗分别置于RB(R﹕G﹕B=8﹕0﹕8,设为对照处理)、RG1B7(R﹕G﹕B=8﹕1﹕7)、RG1B3(R﹕G﹕B=8﹕2﹕6)、RG1B1(R﹕G﹕B=8﹕4﹕4)、RG3B1(R﹕G﹕B=8﹕6﹕2)、RG7B1(R﹕G﹕B=8﹕7﹕1)和RG(R﹕G﹕B=8﹕8﹕0)7种不同光质组合处理中,光照强度设置为160μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),其中红光占50%,光照时间为16 h/d,光/暗期温度为25℃/23℃,相对湿度设定为65%,光期CO_(2)浓度设定为1000μmol·mol^(-1)。试验处理13 d后测量罗勒的光合作用参数,处理19 d后测量其生长指标、气孔特征以及能源利用效率。【结果】除RG1B3处理外,添加绿光处理比对照显著提升了罗勒的株高、叶面积和干鲜重,不同绿蓝光比例(G/B)处理的地上部干、鲜重分别比对照提高了19%—51%和26%—64%;但除RG处理外,不同G/B处理间的叶面积和干、鲜重差异不显著。低G/B处理(RG1B7)仅降低罗勒下层叶片反面的气孔密度,随着G/B的增大,下层叶片正面及上层叶片的气孔密度均降低。总体上,叶片氮含量随着G/B的增加而降低,叶片氮含量和气孔密度的降低导致罗勒的CO_(2)同化能力、光利用能力下降,降低程度总体上随着G/B的增加而增大。由于绿光LED的发光效率比蓝光低,总耗电量随着G/B的增加而增加,本试验中仅RG1B7处理比对照显著提高了25%的电能利用效率;除RG1B3处理外,不同G/B处理比对照提升了30%—57%的光能利用效率,提升程度在除RG外的不同G/B处理间无显著差异;与对照相比,RG3B1和RG处理提高了罗勒上层和下层叶片水分利用效率,其中RG3B1分别提高了58%和74%,RG分别提高了67%和90%。【结论】结合罗勒生长和能量利用效率数据可知,RG1B7处理可被认为是植物工厂罗勒生产较为适宜的光质组合。研究结果可为明确不同绿蓝光比例对罗勒生长、光合特性及能源利用效率的影响规律提供参考,也为完善植物工厂环境下罗勒高效节能生产光配方提供技术支撑。

2型糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白肌酐比与视网膜微循环参数的相关性研究

目的研究2型糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白肌酐比(Urinary Albumin Creatinine Ratio,UACR)和视网膜微循环各项参数的相关性。方法选取2022年3—12月苏州大学附属第三医院及苏州大学附属常州老年病医院收治的95例2型糖尿病肾病患者为研究对象。根据UACR水平分为U1组(UACR<10 mg/g,28例,28眼)、U2组(UACR:10~30 mg/g,46例,46眼)、U3组(UACR:30~300 mg/g,21例,21眼)。利用光学相干断层成像,测量3组患者黄斑中心凹区和旁中心凹区浅层毛细血管丛血流密度(Superficial Capillary Plexus Vessel Den⁃sity,SCP-VD)、深层毛细血管丛血流密度(Deep Capillary Plexus Vessel Density,DCP-VD)、中心凹无血管区(Foveal Avascular Zone,FAZ)面积与周长,观察指标差异,分析指标与UACR相关性。结果3组患者中心凹区SCP-VD、旁中心凹区SCP-VD、中心凹区DCP-VD、旁中心凹区DCP-VD、FAZ面积比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);3组患者FAZ周长比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);UACR与中心凹区SCP-VD、旁中心凹区SCP-VD、中心凹区DCP-VD、旁中心凹区DCP-VD负相关(r=-0.410、-0.689、-0.545、-0.627,P均<0.05),与FAZ面积正相关(r=0.463,P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病患者UACR与中心凹区SCP-VD、旁中心凹区SCP-VD、中心凹区DCP-VD、旁中心凹区DCP-VD、FAZ面积存在相关性。OCTA视网膜微循环参数可作为糖尿病肾病损害程度的评估指标。

轻钢结构在工业厂房中的应用与设计分析

为更好地了解门式刚架轻钢结构的设计流程,通过对门式钢架结构体系、计算指标进行简单介绍,结合实际工程,以主体结构为主要研究对象进行计算,得到构件在荷载组合下的内力情况、强度、稳定性指标及在不同荷载作用下的侧移情况。经过初步计算可得:构件尺寸满足强度应力比和平面内、平面外稳定性要求,结构的位移均在限制条件内,为轻钢结构的设计提供了一般设计流程,并提出相关注意事项,为相似工程设计提供参考。

Basal internode elongation of rice as affected by light intensity and leaf area

Short basal internodes are important for lodging resistance of rice(Oryza sativa L.).Several canopy indices affect the elongation of basal internodes,but uncertainty as to the key factors determining elongation of basal internodes persists.The objectives of this study were(1)to identify key factors affecting the elongation of basal internodes and(2)to establish a quantitative relationship between basal internode length and canopy indices.An inbred rice cultivar,Yinjingruanzhan,was grown in two split-plot field experiments with three N rates(0,75,and 150 kg N ha−1 in early season and 0,90,and 180 kg N ha−1 in late season)as main plots,three seedling densities(16.7,75.0,and 187.5 seedlings m−2)as subplots,and three replications in the 2015 early and late seasons in Guangzhou,China.Light intensity at base of canopy(Lb),light quality as determined from red/far-red light ratio(R/FR),light transmission ratio(LTR),leaf area index(LAI),leaf N concentration(NLV)and final length of second internode(counted from soil surface upward)(FIL)were recorded.Higher N rate and seedling density resulted in significantly longer FIL.FIL was negatively correlated with Lb,LTR,and R/FR(P<0.01)and positively correlated with LAI(P<0.01),but not correlated with NLV(P>0.05).Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that FIL was strongly associated with Lb and LAI(R2=0.82).Heavy N application to pot-grown rice at the beginning of first internode elongation did not change FIL.We conclude that FIL is determined mainly by Lb and LAI at jointing stage.NLV has no direct effect on the elongation of basal internodes.N application indirectly affects FIL by changing LAI and light conditions in the rice canopy.Reducing LAI and improving canopy light transmission at jointing stage can shorten the basal internodes and increase the lodging resistance of rice.

Enhancing The Efficiency of White Organic Light-emitting Diode Using Energy Recyclable Photovoltaic Cells

We demonstrate that power recycling is feasible by using a semi-transparent stripped Al electrode as interconnecting layer to merge a white organic light-emitting devices(WOLED) and an organic photovoltaic(OPV) cell.The device is called a PVOLED.It has a glass / ITO / CuPc / m-MTDATA ∶ V 2 O 5 / NPB / CBP ∶ FIrpic ∶ DCJTB / BPhen / LiF / Al / P3HT∶ PCBM / V 2 O 5 / Al structure.The power recycling efficiency of 10.133% is achieved under the WOLED of PVOLED operated at 9 V and at a brightness of 2 110 cd / m 2,when the conversion efficiency of OPV is 2.3%.We have found that the power recycling efficiency is decreased under high brightness and high applied voltage due to an increase input power of WOLED.High efficiency(18.3 cd / A) and high contrast ratio(9.3) were obtained at the device operated at 2 500 cd / m 2 under an ambient illumination of 24 000 lx.Reasonable white light emission with Commission Internationale De L'Eclairage(CIE) color coordinates of(0.32,0.44) at 20 mA / cm 2 and slight color shift occurred in spite of a high current density of 50 mA / cm 2.The proposed PVOLED is highly promising for use in outdoors display applications.

Theoretical studies on particle shape classification based on simultaneous small forward angle light scattering and aerodynamic sizing

Particle shape contributes to understanding the physical and chemical processes of the atmosphere and better ascer- taining the origins and chemical compositions of the particles. The particle shape can be classified by the aspect ratio. which can be estimated through the asymmetry factor measured with angularly resolved light scattering. An experimental method of obtaining the asymmetry factor based on simultaneous small forward angle light scattering and aerodynamic size measurements is described briefly. The near forward scattering intensity signals of three detectors in the azimuthal angles at 120° offset are calculated using the methods of T-matrix and discrete dipole approximation. Prolate spheroid particles with different aspect ratios are used as the shape models with the assumption that the symmetry axis is parallel to the flow axis and perpendicular to the incident light. The relations between the asymmetry factor and the optical size and aerodynamic size at various equivalent sizes, refractive indices, and mass densities are discussed in this paper. The numerically calculated results indicate that an elongated particle may be classified at diameter larger than 1.0 μm, and may not be distinguished from a sphere at diameter less than 0.5 μm. It is estimated that the lowest detected aspect ratio is around 1.5： I in consideration of the experimental errors.

Flexible Calibration Method for 3D Laser Scanner System

In this paper, a flexible high-precision calibration method suitable for industrial field was proposed. The complexity of the coordinate transformation was simplified by choosing the camera coordinate system as the unified reference coordinate system. A flexible planar calibration pattern was introduced to the calibration process, which can be arbitrarily placed and from which the known feature points can be extracted to construct other unknown feature points. With the known intrinsic parameters, the laser projector plane equation was fitted by the multi-noncollinear points, which were acquired through the principle of triangulation and the projective invariance of cross ratio. With this method, the strict alignment and multiple times of coordinate transformation can be avoided. Experimental results showed that the arithmetic mean of the root mean square(RMS) error of distance was 0.000 7 mm.

Quantitative regulation of peripheral leukocyte by light exercise and tailored scale for assessment

Two primary defense systems develop in vertebrates, innate and adaptive. However, every individual exposes to the risk of immunodeficiency in daily life with both internal and external stimuli. In this report, we tried to report two different stimuli for regulating the immune system modulate and discussed how we can compare and select each menu by evidence-based manner more than VAS. In a series of investigation, we have assessed the various leukocyte regulating menus such as hot spring hydrotherapy, acupuncture & moxibution, light walking, independent of the western medicine. In this report, we try to compare the regulatory effect of light exercise under the influence of hypothalamus system. Their effects of elements were evaluated by the total number of peripheral leukocyte, its subsets, granulocyte and lymphocyte ratio. The regulative effects were confirmed also by other menu such as hydrotherapy, acupuncture, walking etc. However, by simply comparing the group before with the group after CAM, we cannot catch the real regulatory effect by each menu. So we tried to show the effect by trying to indicate the constitution/condition dependent manner. The effect was not uniform to each individual but it was dependent on each condition/constitution before the start of the exercise. This was one of the main purposes of this report for summarizing that it is important to regulate the number and levels of each factor as ideal value. In other words, the regulation of each factor affected under the hypothalamus system is regulated with each constitution, under the influence of daily circumstances. The mode of regulation was the same in each menu, indicating the higher level was down regular and lower level was up regular. Moreover, each vector of change was reversely correlated to the value of the day before. The other purpose of this study was designed to establish the regulatory effect of this light exercise which is not limited in the number of leukocyte in peripheral. Light exercise for a short duration was expected to influence the immune system in the blood quantitatively. Preparing two modes of impact for walking, 4 mets by walking exhibited more effective than that of 8 mets. We tried to discuss the suitable scale to know the best intensity to regulate whole body system other than VAS judgment.

传动比对汽车实际行驶排放试验动力学特性与排放的影响

为研究传动比对轻型车CO_(2)、CO、PN、NO_(x)排放以及动力学参数的影响,选择4辆7挡干式双离合变速器轻型车作为试验车辆在相同道路上进行实际行驶排放(real driving emission,RDE)试验,依据传动比对数据进行划分.结果表明:(1)随着传动比、相对正加速度(relative positive acceleration,RPA)的升高,CO_(2)、CO、NO_(x)排放因子以及未装汽油机颗粒捕集器(gasoline particulate filter,GPF)车辆的PN排放因子均呈增加趋势.其中,CO_(2)、CO、PN(未装GPF)的排放因子与传动比的相关系数平均值分别为0.963、0.933、0.949,与RPA的相关系数平均值分别为0.971、0.955、0.975,均呈显著正线性相关;NO_(x)排放因子与传动比、RPA的相关系数平均值分别为0.567、0.543,相关性均较弱.(2)以传动比作为变量的轻型车排放因子分析方法表明,随着传动比的升高,单位里程中发动机的工作循环与排放次数均增加,CO_(2)与污染物排放因子呈增加趋势,这解释了CO_(2)、CO、PN(未装GPF)、NO_(x)的排放因子均与传动比呈正线性相关的原因.(3)RPA与传动比的相关系数平均值为0.953,二者呈显著正线性相关.v·a_(pos)_[95](车速与大于0.1 m/s^(2)正加速度乘积的第95个百分位)与传动比的相关系数平均值为-0.487,呈负线性相关,且相关性较弱.增加低速挡使用时间,RPA呈升高趋势,v·a_(pos)_[95]呈降低趋势,可远离行程无效判定界限,从而提高RDE试验动力学检验通过几率.研究显示,传动比、RPA与CO_(2)、CO、PN(未装GPF)的排放因子均呈显著相关,借助调节传动比对碳和污染物排放进行控制,为减少汽车实际行驶排放提供了新的途径.

New Insights into the Action of Gravitons in Spiral Galaxies

New details of the action of gravitons in spiral galaxies are described. The effect of the graviton energy loss is hypothesized to be coupled to the baryon mass in the galaxy. From this relation, it follows that the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation is applicable to not just the final velocity of the galaxy but also to the rotational velocity at each radial position. In addition, a quadratic equation for the baryonic mass distribution is derived from the equation of motion. These results are demonstrated by making fits to galaxy rotation curves using a mass to light ratio model as well as the quadratic model for the mass distribution.

不同红蓝光配比对番茄叶片和产量品质的影响

[目的]本文主要探讨不同红蓝光配比对番茄叶片和产量品质的影响,为LED光源在番茄生产上的应用提供理论依据。[方法]本试验以番茄品种008为试验材料,试验设红蓝光配比不同的4个补光处理A1(R∶B=4∶1)、A2(R∶B=2∶3)、A3(R∶B=6∶1)、A4(R∶B=7∶1),以正常自然光照,即不补光为对照CK。测定不同红蓝光配比下番茄的叶片数量及形态变化、单株产量、维生素C、有机酸、可溶性糖以及可溶性固形物的含量指标。[结果]在A1、A2、A3、A4与CK处理相比下,A3可以有效提高番茄产量、番茄品质以及改变其叶片数量和形态。A3与CK处理相比单果重最重,为82.36 g,单株产量最高,为8.21 kg;A3处理的维生素C含量与CK相比显著提高了7.03%,有机酸与CK相比显著提高了38.93%,4个补光处理的可溶性固形物与CK相比都有提高,分别提高60.46%、68.82%、59.87%、26.16%;番茄叶片通过不同红蓝光配比处理28 d后,A3处理番茄叶片数相比CK增长30片,同时在叶片形态上,A1的叶片颜色相比CK最深,A2和A4叶柄相比CK更粗,A3的叶片相比CK更厚,同时经过处理后A1和A3的叶面积相比CK较大,因此LED红蓝光补光处理可以一定程度下改变叶片的形态。[结论]综上,LED红蓝光配比不同能够对番茄叶片、果实产量、品质起到显著的增加效果,其中LED光源下红蓝光配比为6∶1时增强效果最佳,为番茄在栽培过程中进行补光时提供一定的指导。

低硅铝比ZSM-5分子筛的合成及其正庚烷裂化反应性能

以氨水为矿化剂,通过添加NH_(4)^(+)离子水热合成了具有较低骨架硅铝比的ZSM-5分子筛。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、固体核磁共振(MAS-NMR)等表征手段,研究了硅源、铝源、矿化剂、阳离子等对ZSM-5分子筛的结晶度、形貌尺寸和骨架硅铝比等的影响,研究了ZSM-5分子筛的骨架硅铝比对正庚烷催化裂化反应的影响。研究表明,投料硅铝比越低,铝原子越难进入到分子筛骨架中;当氨水为矿化剂、正硅酸四乙酯为硅源时可以合成骨架硅铝比较低的氢型ZSM-5分子筛,添加NH_(4)^(+)离子可以增强骨架铝的嵌入,进一步降低分子筛的骨架硅铝比(24.2)。正庚烷裂化反应结果表明,降低分子筛的骨架硅铝比可以提高正庚烷裂化反应的活性,但会降低低碳烯烃的选择性。