Using Flowable Composite as Gingival Retraction Cord in Prosthodontics Dentistry: Two Case Reports: A Dental Technique

One of the most challenging factors affecting impression quality and good marginal fit is the gingival retraction method, which aims to separate the gingiva from the tooth to expose the finishing line of the prepared tooth. Bleeding and contamination from the crevicular fluid may compete for space with the impression material within the sulcus, leading to indistinct preparations and a lack of detail at the margin. In addition, such procedures might damage the PDL and cause permanent recession. Flowable composite cable, as opposed to traditional retraction cords, offers the proper marginal seal and visibility during the impression record because of its lower viscosity, improved adaptability, and elastic properties. The aim of this report is to present a brand-new, innovative method for controlling gingival hemorrhage in addition to the gingival retraction in restorative and prosthodontic treatment by utilizing a flowable composite during the final impression record procedure. In these case reports, the flowable composite cord technique is used instead of traditional gingival cords to modify and refine the gingival tissue before taking the traditional final impression or digital scan. Two cases were done for patients undergoing fixed prosthodontics and veneer treatment within a 2-year follow-up period. In addition, the flowable composite cord was used as temporary restoration before the final prosthetic cementation or under the provisional crowns. As a result, clean and healthy gingival tissues render cementation of the final prosthesis quicker and easier to perform. The patients in both cases claimed that their prosthodontic treatments, which involved the application of a flowable composite cord to temporarily retraction the gingiva, had produced good outcomes at the yearlong follow-up. In conclusion, the flowable composite cord technique is found to be a useful tool to improve the quality of impressions in fixed prosthodontics by providing excellent access for impression material to record fine details of the finish line of the prepared tooth structure, and to alter the inflamed tissue into a healthy tissue.

基于Flowable的5G业务工单流程可视系统的研究与实践

随着5G技术的不断发展和应用,5G业务的流程管理和可视化变得越来越重要。为了提供一个高效、可视化的5G业务工单处理解决方案,文中提出了一种基于Flowable工作流引擎的5G业务工单流程可视系统,该系统采用Flowable工作流引擎作为核心框架,实现了对5G业务工单流程的可视化管理和监控。

Preparation of dry flowable formulations of Clonostachys rosea by spray drying and application for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum control

A dry flowable formulation of Clonostachys rosea with fungicidal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was prepared by spray drying. The formulation was optimized by a four-factor, three-level orthogonal experiment to screen inert ingredients and spray-drying conditions. The optimal dry flowable formulation of C. rosea included 30% C. rosea （ratio of conidia powder and its fermentation broth is 1：3）, 3% Morwet EFW, 4% K12, 10% Morwet D425, 9% sodium salt of polynaphthalene sulphonic acid （NNO）, 5% croscarmellose sodium, 5% （NH4）2SO4, 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium （CMC-Na）, 1% oxalic acid and palygorskite （carrier） up to 100%. The formulation exhibited good physical characteristics, such as high dispersibility, viability and a long shelf life. Plate antagonism tests and pot trials indicated that the dry flowable formulation was very effective against S. sclerotiorum, with control efficiency of up to 88.30%. This dry flowable formulation of C. rosea is a new potential commercial fungicide for spray drying to control S. sclerotiorum.

基于Flowable工作流的高校办公系统的设计与实现

为满足高校办公信息化的个性化需求,缩短流程业务办理时间,针对传统操作方式任务繁重、效率低下的现状,介绍了业务流程建模注解BPMN(Business Process Modeling Notation),提出通过Flowable工作流引擎实现业务流程中的逻辑处理。通过请假申请流程对工作流的定义过程进行了分析,基于Flowable设计并实现了高校办公系统,使用表明能够满足高校办公需求。

Effects of Wood Ash on Properties of Concrete and Flowable Fill

This research investigated the use of wood ash to partially replace cement or sand in conventional concrete, roller compacted concrete (RCC), and flowable fill. The main focus was to determine how the wood ash addition affected the main fresh and hardened properties of these materials. It was found that the wood ash could be successfully incorporated into the conventional concrete. In particular, the wood ash addition not only accelerated the setting, but also improved the early and the 28-day compressive strength of concrete that contained the blast furnace slag. It was also observed that the wood ash could be positively added into RCC to facilitate the compaction and reduce the risk of segregation. In addition, the wood ash can be beneficially introduced into the flowable fill mixtures to facilitate flow, to alleviate bleeding and subsidence, as well as to achieve controlled strength especially when combined with the class C or the class F fly ash.

Flowable工作流的高校财务报销系统的研究与实现

针对当前高校财务报销工作中存在的审批复杂、效率低下等问题,提出了基于工作流的信息化解决方案.对业务流程建模标注(BPMN)进行了介绍,并结合某高校的财务报销审批流程设计了工作流模型.基于Flowable工作流引擎设计并实现了财务报销系统,通过应用表明,该系统能够很好地满足业务的需求,提高了财务报销的工作效率.

The Effect of the Light Intensity and Light Distances of LED and QTH Curing Devices on the Hardness of Two Light-Cured Nano-Resin Composites

Background: Effective polymerization of the composite resin is essential to obtain long term clinical success and has a great importance obtaining improved mechanical properties. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of the light intensity of LED and QTH curing devices in relation to the light distances, on the hardness (KHN) of two light cure nano-resin composite. Material and Methods: The top and bottom surfaces of the two nanofill composite specimens were evaluated. Two LED and two QTH light curing devices were used at nine different distances. Light intensity was measured with two radiometers placed at these same distances from the curing tip. 360 pvc dies were prepared with circular cavity 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick. The tested materials were placed in each cavity. The different light curing distances were standardized by adding pvc spacers dies at different height matching the different distances. Top and bottom surface microhardness were evaluated with a Micro Hardness Tester in knoop hardness numbers (Kg/mm2). Data were statistically analyzed using: Three-way ANOVA, Tukey and Pearsons test. Results: It was revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in microhardness between the composites (p < 0.001), between the nine distances (p < 0.001) and between the four light curing devices (p < 0.001). Increasing the distance of the light source from composite resin, the light intensity and the microhardness values at the top and bottom surface decrease. LED light curing devices produced a greater microhardness results at the bottom surface of the specimens. The Filtek Ultimate nanocomposite (3 m) showed highest microhardness values on the top and bottom surfaces, polymerized with all four curing devices and all nine distances compared to Empress Direct nano composite (Ivoclar vivadent). Clinical significant: Even with high power LED curing light, the distance between the tip of the light source and the restoration surface should be as close as possible. In this study, Filtek Ultimate showed better results (highest microhardness values) than Empress Direct.

Germination and appressorium formation of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara can be inhibited by reduced concentration of Blasin~? Flowable with carbon dioxide microbubbles

We investigated the possibility to reduce the usage of Blasin^Flowable （BF）, a disinfectant inhibiting the germination and appressorium formation of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara conidia, by using carbon dioxide microbubbles （CO2MB）. Germination was significantly inhibited by 10 000-fold diluted BF solution containing CO2MB generated by the decompression-type generator compared to CO2 millibubbles （CO2MMB） and CO2MB generated by the gas-water circulating-type generator. Appressodum formation in the 10 000-fold diluted BF solution containing both CO2MBs was less than that in CO2MMB. Scanning electron microscopy showed wrinkles and dents on the surface of conidia treated with 5 000-fold diluted BF solution containing both CO2MBs. Via transmission electron microscopy, we observed the expansion of the vacuole and the intracellular space and bloated or absent lipid granules in the conidia treated with BF solution containing both CO2MBs. Our results show that inhibition of the conidium germination and appressorium formation of P. oryzae Cavara by 10 000-fold diluted BF solution could be achieved by using the decompression-type CO2MB.

关于flowable流程框架中图片生成内容的扩展研究

对于现代企业管理,业务流程的规范化管理是重中之重。flowable作为一款开源的流程引擎,得到大量企业及开发人员的使用和认可。但是,作为展示给用户的流程图,flowable所具备的基础功能并不能满足使用需求。基于此,文章描述了flowable所提供流程图存在的缺陷,以及改造和扩展思路。

Polar-coordinate line-projection light-curing continuous 3D printing for tubular structures

3D printing techniques offer an effective method in fabricating complex radially multi-material structures.However,it is challenging for complex and delicate radially multi-material model geometries without supporting structures,such as tissue vessels and tubular graft,among others.In this work,we tackle these challenges by developing a polar digital light processing technique which uses a rod as the printing platform.The 3D model fabrication is accomplished through line projection.The rotation and translation of the rod are synchronized to project and illuminate the photosensitive material volume.By controlling the distance between the rod and the printing window,we achieved the printing of tubular structures with a minimum wall thickness as thin as 50 micrometers.By controlling the width of fine slits at the printing window,we achieved the printing of structures with a minimum feature size of 10 micrometers.Our process accomplished the fabrication of thin-walled tubular graft structure with a thickness of only 100 micrometers and lengths of several centimeters within a timeframe of just 100 s.Additionally,it enables the printing of axial multi-material structures,thereby achieving adjustable mechanical strength.This method is conducive to rapid customization of tubular grafts and the manufacturing of tubular components in fields such as dentistry,aerospace,and more.

水性环氧树脂改性的建筑结构密封胶缓凝性能研究

为研究水性环氧树脂建筑结构密封胶缓凝性能,选用水性环氧树脂、水性环氧树脂固化剂、MS聚合物、硅烷偶联剂、纳米碳酸钙以及不同填料等试剂,以MS聚合物质量为标准设定试剂比例,分别制备A组分与B组分,将2组分依照1∶1质量比混合配比,由此获取不同配比条件下的改性密封胶样本。结果显示,在偶联剂用量达到2%以上时,密封胶样本的适用期符合建筑结构密封胶应用的适用期标准;水性环氧树脂用量为25%,密封胶样本硬度最优;当密封胶样本内不同填料质量比达到3.4∶20∶66∶16时,密封胶样本不会发生流淌现象;不同MS聚合物具有不同特征。

高韧性纤维混凝土材料及应用性能研究

为了降低混凝土材料成本并优化材料性能,本实验制备了含聚丙烯(PP)纤维的高韧性纤维混凝土(UHTCC),并通过材料参数优化实验、SEM分析以及耐久性实验探究了UHTCC材料性能。实验结果表明,含聚丙烯(PP)纤维的高韧性纤维混凝土(UHTCC)材料的最佳PP纤维直径为30μm,最佳PP纤维长度为8mm,最佳PP纤维掺量为2%,最佳砂胶比为0.5%左右,最佳粉煤灰掺量应小于65%,此时,高韧性纤维混凝土材料水泥砂浆的流动性能较好、材料抗压强度以及抗折强度较高,韧性和耐久性能良好。实验制备的含PP纤维的UHTCC材料不仅成本低,且综合性能良好。

流动树脂注射充填技术的临床应用

随着流动树脂性能的提高,导板技术和数字化技术的不断发展,流动树脂注射充填新技术在临床有了更广阔的应用场景。流动树脂的操作简便性和高度可塑性使其临床技术敏感性降低,结合导板技术和数字化技术可优质、高效地完成复杂和疑难直接粘接修复病例。本文对流动树脂材料的进展、注射充填技术的内涵和发展以及注射充填技术的临床应用和注意事项进行阐述和讨论,为流动树脂注射充填技术在临床的应用提供参考。

四种充填材料修复根面龋临床效果的对比研究

目的:比较Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀、3M ESPE Filtek^(TM) Bulk Fill Flowable树脂、VOCO Polofil Supra树脂及Beautiful Flow Plus F03树脂修复根面龋的临床疗效。方法:选取后牙根面龋患者128例(422颗患牙),按照充填修复材料分为A组(Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀修复)34例、B组(3M ESPE Filtek^(TM) Bulk Fill Flowable树脂修复)29例、C组(VOCO Polofil Supra树脂修复)35例、D组(Beautiful Flow Plus F03树脂修复)30例。手术治疗后随访6个月,比较4组患者牙髓活力、材料密合性、充填物表面磨损及充填物完好性情况。结果:术后6个月,4组患者牙髓活力均正常。A组、B组、C组、D组材料密合性好的患牙占比分别为75.49%、90.74%、88.57%、97.20%,A组低于B组、C组、D组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组与D组、C组与D组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),B、C组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组、B组、C组、D组充填物表面无磨损的患牙占比分别为77.45%、95.37%、94.29%、99.07%,A组占比低于B组、C组及D组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组与C组、B组与D组、C组与D组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组、B组、C组、D组充填物完好的患牙占比分别为91.18%、97.22%、97.14%、99.07%,A组占比低于D组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其他组之间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:4种材料对牙髓活力均无影响,树脂类材料在密合性、表面磨损情况以及完好性上均优于Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀。三种树脂类材料中Beautiful Flow Plus F03在密闭性方面优于其他两种树脂。

药用乳糖粉体流动性表征方法的研究

目的对比国内外乳糖粉体性质的差异,探究流动性参数的区分性和适用性。方法利用干湿法激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜、PT-R粉体性质测定仪和FT4粉体流变仪,对5种国内外乳糖的粒度、形貌、静态流动性(休止角、Hausner比、压缩度、平板角、分散度等)和流变性质(动态流动性质、充气性质、透气性质和剪切性质)进行表征。结果15种乳糖的休止角均偏大,两种进口乳糖(I-1、I-2)的差角较大,国内厂家D-1和国外厂家I-2的乳糖具有较小的Hausner比和压缩度,国内厂家D-1生产的三批乳糖具有较高的基础流动能量、特性能量和空化能,国外厂家I-2乳糖的流动函数最大,其余乳糖的流动函数均小于4。结论国产乳糖与进口乳糖在流动性以及批次间一致性等方面存在差距,且与乳糖的粒度、形态特征相关。Hausner比、压缩度、流动函数和凝聚力对流动性的区分性较好,其余参数可以辅助了解药用乳糖的喷流性、分散性和微观颗粒性质。

杨木纤维对砂浆流动度、力学性能和自收缩的影响

本文采用控制变量法设计试验,探究了杨木纤维尺寸、体积分数对砂浆流动度、力学性能(抗压、抗折强度)及自收缩的影响。研究发现:与杨木纤维尺寸相比,杨木纤维体积分数对砂浆流动度的影响更为显著,当杨木纤维体积分数自1.0%增至3.0%时,砂浆流动度降低49.56%;增加杨木纤维尺寸和体积分数均会降低砂浆的抗折强度,而增加杨木纤维的体积分数有利于提高砂浆的抗压强度;杨木纤维体积分数比其尺寸对砂浆的减缩作用更显著,添加3.0%长度为0.30~1.25 mm的杨木纤维使砂浆72 h自收缩降低45.6%。

陆相页岩层系岩心中气态烃井场测定技术初步应用及展望

陆相页岩层系的流体分析是页岩油甜点评价的重要基础,针对岩心样品中气态烃易于散失的特性和页岩油钻井现场的需求,研发了井场岩心气态烃快速采集测定装置及方法,探讨了基于岩心气态烃分析和热解含油性分析资料快速计算视气油比和估算游离油损失的方法。研究表明,该装置适用于全直径岩心和块状样品的气态烃检测,既可以实现全直径岩心在常温、常压下逸散气态烃的采集测定,也可以测定块状岩心样品的气态烃总量,气态烃检测相对误差10%,测试结果可以转换为单位质量岩样气态烃含量。全直径岩心逸散气分析可实现岩心气态烃的非破坏式采集和测定,反映了页岩层系垂向上含油气性及其非均质性的变化特征。视气油比可反映页岩层系含油气性和可流动性的趋势,视气油比越大,代表相应页岩层系页岩油可流动性越好。利用视气油比可估算岩心经历降压降温脱气过程中游离烃的损失量,在建立岩心降温降压脱气过程的热解游离烃损失恢复方法中具有较大应用潜力。岩心气态烃井场测定技术丰富了适用于井场的岩心流体分析实验技术手段和方法,为陆相页岩层系流体评价及甜点确定提供数据支撑。

增稠剂对膏体充填料浆流动特性的影响及其工程应用

充填采矿法因其具有大量处置固体废弃物、控制地表沉陷、管理地压等优势广泛应用于地下矿山开采。充填料浆的流动性不仅影响其管道输送,也与充填料浆在空区内的自立性和封堵漏风性能密切相关。本文利用坍落度和稠度测试研究了增稠剂含量和浓度变化对充填料浆流动性的影响,进而分析了增稠充填料浆的自立和防堵漏风性能。在此基础上,开展了增稠膏体充填隅角的工业试验,评估了增稠膏体充填效果。结果表明:20万分子量的羟丙基甲基纤维素(20万HPMC)增稠剂可在10 s内快速溶解,满足连续充填作业的需求。随着20万HPMC含量增加,充填料浆的坍落度和稠度均呈二次多项式函数递减的变化趋势。当增稠剂含量一定,略微提高充填料浆的浓度将显著降低其流动性,改善其在采空区内部的自立能力。依据试验结果,考虑充填料浆在采空区内的自立性和封堵漏风功能,充填料浆的浓度为78%,20万HPMC含量为总固体质量的1‰效果更佳。工业试验结果证实了推荐的配比参数制备的充填料浆在隅角处满足自立性和封堵漏风的要求,隅角充填后CH4和CO浓度减少。研究结果可为充填料浆的增稠和充填技术应用提供参考依据。

艾草制绒后剩余物粉体综合特性分析

目前,艾草制绒后的剩余物没有被深度利用而造成了中药材资源的浪费,而且艾草粉体学性质的研究鲜见文献报道,在一定程度上阻碍了艾草产业的可持续发展。为粉体的分级、分散、包装以及制粒等处理工艺及相关加工机械提供参考依据,有必要分析其粉体学特性。以石磨制取艾绒后的艾草剩余物为试验材料,通过剪切粉碎法制备多尺度粉体,采用BT-1000粉体综合特性测试仪测定休止角、崩溃角、松装密度、振实密度、分散度等粉体学参数,分析粒度和含水率对流动性、压缩性及喷流性的影响规律。试验分析表明:粒度和含水率对艾叶制绒后剩余物的粉体综合特性影响明显。随粒度增大,流动性呈现先降后升的趋势,而压缩性和喷流性则表现出先增后减的特征;随含水率增加,流动性和喷流性逐渐降低,而压缩性逐渐增大。根据休止角θr<45°、崩溃角θf<40°、差角θd<15°、压缩度Cp<20%、分散度Da<20%,再结合Carr流动性和喷流性指数评价表,分析认为粉体的流动性、压缩性和喷流性均较弱。以试验结论为参考,通过粒度或含水率控制某些粉体学特性,使其满足特定处理工艺要求,也可为粉体加工机械的结构优化提供设计依据,促进中药材加工剩余物的再利用。

Fluidization and Transport of Vibrated Granular Matter:A Review of Landmark and Recent Contributions

We present a short retrospective review of the existing literature about the dynamics of(dry)granular matter under the effect of vibrations.The main objective is the development of an integrated resource where vital information about past findings and recent discoveries is provided in a single treatment.Special attention is paid to those works where successful synthetic routes to as-yet unknown phenomena were identified.Such landmark results are analyzed,while smoothly blending them with a history of the field and introducing possible categorizations of the prevalent dynamics.Although no classification is perfect,and it is hard to distillate general properties out of specific observations or realizations,two possible ways to interpret the existing results are defined according to the type of forcing or the emerging(ensuing)regime of motion.In particular,first results concerning the case where vibrations and gravity are concurrent(vertical shaking)are examined,then the companion situation with vibrations perpendicular to gravity(horizontal shaking)is described.Universality classes are introduced as follows:(1)Regimes where sand self-organizes leading to highly regular geometrical“pulsating”patterns(thin layer case);(2)Regimes where the material undergoes“fluidization”and develops an internal multicellular convective state(tick layers case);(3)Regimes where the free interface separating the sand from the overlying gas changes inclination or develops a kind a patterned configuration consisting of stable valleys and mountains or travelling waves;(4)Regimes where segregation is produced,i.e.,particles of a given size tend to be separated from the other grains(deep containers).Where possible,an analogy or parallelism is drawn with respect to the companion field of fluid-dynamics for which the assumption of“continuum”can be applied.