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Ultra-large aluminum shape casting:Opportunities and challenges
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作者 Qi-gui Wang Andy Wang Jason Coryell 《China Foundry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期397-408,共12页
Ultra-large aluminum shape castings have been increasingly used in automotive vehicles,particularly in electric vehicles for light-weighting and vehicle manufacturing cost reduction.As most of them are structural comp... Ultra-large aluminum shape castings have been increasingly used in automotive vehicles,particularly in electric vehicles for light-weighting and vehicle manufacturing cost reduction.As most of them are structural components subject to both quasi-static,dynamic and cyclic loading,the quality and quantifiable performance of the ultra-large aluminum shape castings is critical to their success in both design and manufacturing.This paper briefly reviews some application examples of ultra-large aluminum castings in automotive industry and outlines their advantages and benefits.Factors affecting quality,microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-large aluminum castings are evaluated and discussed as aluminum shape casting processing is very complex and often involves many competing mechanisms,multi-physics phenomena,and potentially large uncertainties that significantly influence the casting quality and performance.Metallurgical analysis and mechanical property assessment of an ultra-large aluminum shape casting are presented.Challenges are highlighted and suggestions are made for robust design and manufacturing of ultra-large aluminum castings. 展开更多
关键词 ultra-large castings ALUMINUM light-weighting quality microstructure materials properties
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Progress in Light-weight High Entropy Alloys 被引量:2
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作者 CAI Zhihai GUO Yu +4 位作者 LIU Jian LIU Jun GUO Jie DU Xian HUANG Shaofu 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2021年第5期737-753,共17页
High entropy alloys(HEAs)possess good mechanical properties and a wide range of industrial applications.In this paper,phase formation prediction theory,microstructure,properties and preparation methods of light-weight... High entropy alloys(HEAs)possess good mechanical properties and a wide range of industrial applications.In this paper,phase formation prediction theory,microstructure,properties and preparation methods of light-weight HEAs(LWHEAs)were reviewed.The problems and challenges faced by LWHEAs development were analyzed.The results showed that many aspects are still weak and require investigation for future advanced alloys,such as clarification of the role of entropy in phase formation and properties of HEAs,improved definition and different generations division of HEAs,close-packed hexagonal(HCP)phase structure prediction and corresponding alloy design and fabrication.Finally,some suggestions were presented in this paper including in-depth research on formation mechanism of multi-component alloy phase and strengthening of large-scale HEA preparation methods via technology compounding and 3D printing technology.Also,there is a need for more research on the in-situ preparation of HEA coatings and films,as well as developing LWHEAs with superior strength and elevated temperature resistance or ultra-low temperature resistance to meet the requirements of future engineering applications. 展开更多
关键词 high entropy alloys(HEAs) light-weight MICROSTRUCTURE
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Preparation of Light-weight Spinel Refractories by Foaming-gel Process 被引量:2
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作者 FENG Zhiyuan SHI Gan +1 位作者 ZHANG Wei KUANG Yunhui 《China's Refractories》 CAS 2013年第4期28-32,共5页
Light-weight magnesium -aluminate spinel materi- als were prepared by foaming-gel process with polyalumi- nium chloride (PAC) as gel. Effect of solid loading in initial slurry on microstructure, porosity, pore size ... Light-weight magnesium -aluminate spinel materi- als were prepared by foaming-gel process with polyalumi- nium chloride (PAC) as gel. Effect of solid loading in initial slurry on microstructure, porosity, pore size distri- bution, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties was investigated. The results show that the bulk density of the light-weight magnesium -aluminate spinel mate- rials is in the range of O. 7 1.2 g cm-3 ; pore size distribution curves show single-peak characteristics and the mean pore size is in the range of 30. 83 - 61.37 μm ; with the increase of solid loading, the linear shrinkage of the green body during firing and the permanent change in dimensions on heating at l 600 ℃ for 3 h de- crease, but the bulk density increases, the mechanical properties increase obviously; the maximum compressive strength and bending strength reach 35. 25 MPa and 9. 92 MPa, respectively, while the bulk density is 1. 16 g · cm ; and the thermal conductivity at 1 000 ℃ tea- ches 0. 371 W · m-1 . K-1 while the bulk density is O. 7 -3 g · cm 展开更多
关键词 magnesium - aluminate spinel light-weight materials foaming-gel pore size distribution thermal conductivity
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Investigation on microstructures and properties of semi-solid Al_(80)Mg_(5)Li_(5)Zn_(5)Cu_(5)light-weight high-entropy alloy during isothermal heat treatment process 被引量:1
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作者 Yong Hu Yuan-yuan Liu +3 位作者 Long-zhi Zhao Yan-chuan Tang Hai-tao Jiao De-jia Liu 《China Foundry》 SCIE CAS 2022年第6期519-527,共9页
The Al_(80)Mg_(5)Li_(5)Zn_(5)Cu_(5)light-weight high-entropy alloy with globular microstructure was fabricated by isothermal heat treatment.The effects of isothermal temperatures and holding times on the semi-solid mi... The Al_(80)Mg_(5)Li_(5)Zn_(5)Cu_(5)light-weight high-entropy alloy with globular microstructure was fabricated by isothermal heat treatment.The effects of isothermal temperatures and holding times on the semi-solid microstructure evolution were investigated.The results indicate that,with increase of the isothermal temperature,the average grain size increases and the spheroidization time shortens.With prolongation of holding time,the shape factor increases firstly and then decreases,and the average grain size decreases at first and then increases when the isothermal temperature is below 520°C,however it increases gradually at 540℃.The optimal semi-solid microstructure is obtained at 520℃ for 30 min,whose shape factor and average grain size are 0.90 and 56.4μm,respectively.Compared with as-cast Al_(80)Mg_(5)Li_(5)Zn_(5)Cu_(5) light-weight high-entropy alloy,the compressive strength and plasticity of semi-solid Al_(80)Mg_(5)Li_(5)Zn_(5)Cu_(5) light-weight high-entropy alloy are increased by 36%and 108%,respectively.The formation of semi-solid microstructures includes three stages:melting separation,spheroidization,and coarsening growth.The sluggish diffusion effect of Al_(80)Mg_(5)Li_(5)Zn_(5)Cu_(5) light-weight high-entropy alloy leads to a low coarsening rate,resulting in slow grain growth. 展开更多
关键词 light-weight high-entropy alloy SEMI-SOLID isothermal heat treatment microstructure
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Principles and Chief Technologies in Developing Light-weighted Worsted Fabrics
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作者 Zhou Qicheng(周启澄) 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2001年第3期120-122,共3页
More and more light-weighted fabrics are being required by the market, especially for the worsted manufacture.In the past, such fabrics are produced mainly through changing the structure of woven goods or by using fin... More and more light-weighted fabrics are being required by the market, especially for the worsted manufacture.In the past, such fabrics are produced mainly through changing the structure of woven goods or by using finer yarns. But these possibilities are very limited. In this paper, new devices are discussed: (1) on the yarn level- to use single yarns instead of conventional doubled ones, to decrease number of fibers in yarn cross sections beth during spinning and after finishing; (2) on the fiber level - to use finer fibers in blends with wool and modification of the wool fibers; (3) on the macromolecule level - to stretch the macromolecules in alpha keratin, to get super fine wool fibers. 展开更多
关键词 worsted fabric light-weighted develop.
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Ultra-thin and light-weight spoof surface plasmon polariton coupler achieved by broadside coupled split ring resonators
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作者 Ya Fan Jia-Fu Wang +3 位作者 Hua Ma Yong-Feng Li Ming-De Feng Shao-Bo Qu 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第10期175-180,共6页
Low profile and light weight are very important for practical applications of a spoof surface plasmon polariton(SSPP)coupler, especially at low frequencies. In this paper, we propose and design an ultra-thin, light-... Low profile and light weight are very important for practical applications of a spoof surface plasmon polariton(SSPP)coupler, especially at low frequencies. In this paper, we propose and design an ultra-thin, light-weight SSPP coupler based on broadside coupled split ring resonators(BC-SRRs). The size of BC-SRR can be far less than λ/100 and can extremely well control the reflective phases within a subwavelength thickness. Due to the broadside capacitive coupling, the electrical size of BC-SRR is dramatically reduced to guarantee the ultra-thin thickness of the SSPP coupler. The weight of the SSPP coupler is reduced by a low occupation ratio of BC-SRR in the unit cell volume. As an example, a C-band SSPP coupler composed of phase gradient BC-SRRs is designed, fabricated, and measured. Due to the ultra-small size and low occupation ratio of BC-SRRs, the thickness of the coupler is λ/12 and the surface density is only 0.98 kg/m^2. Both simulation and experiment results verify that the coupler can achieve high-efficiency SPP coupling at 5.27 GHz under normal incidence. 展开更多
关键词 ULTRA-THIN light-weight poof surface plasmon polariton broadside coupling
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Prickle of Light-Weight Worsted Woven Wool Fabrics
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作者 王革辉 Ron Postle 张渭源 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2004年第2期47-51,共5页
Using the forearm test, the prickle of 26 commercially available light-weight worsted woven wool fabrics and 7 other fiber fabrics were studied under (24±1)℃ temperature and (65±5)% RH conditions. The surfa... Using the forearm test, the prickle of 26 commercially available light-weight worsted woven wool fabrics and 7 other fiber fabrics were studied under (24±1)℃ temperature and (65±5)% RH conditions. The surface fiber diameter of part of the wool fabrics was measured using a microscope. It was found that most of the light-weight worsted woven wool fabrics gave a prickle sensation under the above conditions. The prickle sensation was significantly correlated with the mean fiber diameter of the surface hairiness. It was also found that the prickle of the light-weight worsted woven wool fabrics was significantly correlated with the number of surface fibers which were coarser than 26 μm diameter. 展开更多
关键词 light-weight wool woven fabric COMFORT PRICKLE HAIRINESS fiber diameter
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Effect of Commercial Synthappret BAP Treatment on the Tailorability of Light-Weight Worsted Wool Fabrics
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作者 王革辉 张渭源 +3 位作者 Postle R. Phillips D. 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2001年第2期101-104,共4页
By means of measurement with the FAST instruments, the effect of commercial Synthappret BAP treatment on the tailorability of light-weight wool worsted fabrics has been investigated. It was found that the commercial S... By means of measurement with the FAST instruments, the effect of commercial Synthappret BAP treatment on the tailorability of light-weight wool worsted fabrics has been investigated. It was found that the commercial Synthappret BAP treatment unproved the tailorability of the light-weight wool fabrics mainly by increasing the bending stiffness of the light-weight wool fabrics. 展开更多
关键词 light-weight wool fabric tailonibility commercial Synthappret BAP treatment FORMABILITY
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A Study of Thermal Response and Flow Field Coupling Simulation around Hayabusa Capsule Loaded with Light-Weight Ablator
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作者 Hisashi Kihara Naoya Hirata Ken-ichi Abe 《Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics》 2013年第2期100-107,共8页
The numerical simulation of flow field around Hayabusa capsule loaded with light-weight ablator thermal response coupled with pyrolysis gas flow inside the ablator was carried out. In addition, the radiation from high... The numerical simulation of flow field around Hayabusa capsule loaded with light-weight ablator thermal response coupled with pyrolysis gas flow inside the ablator was carried out. In addition, the radiation from high temperature gas around the capsule was coupled with flow field. Hayabusa capsule reentered the atmosphere about 12 km/sec in velocity and Mach number about 30. During such an atmospheric entry, space vehicle is exposed to very savior aerodynamic heating due to convection and radiation. In this study, Hayabusa capsule was treated as a typical model of the atmospheric entry spacecraft. The light-weight ablator had porous structure, and permeability was an important parameter to analyze flow inside ablator. In this study, permeability was a variable parameter dependent on density of ablator. It is found that the effect of permeability of light-weight ablator was important with this analysis. 展开更多
关键词 light-weight Ablator COUPLING CALCULATION PYROLYSIS Gas Flow Hayabusa CAPSULE
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Effects of Spherical Light-weight Aggregates Additions on Workability and Mechanical Properties of Al_2O_3-SiO_2 System Castables
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作者 YU Renhong LIU Pengcheng +1 位作者 DONG Gaofeng DONG Hongqin 《China's Refractories》 CAS 2017年第4期1-6,共6页
In order to clarify the effect of spherical light-weight aggregates addition on properties of A12 07 - Si02 system castables, adopting ATO mullite traditional light-weight aggregates and ATO mullite spherical light-we... In order to clarify the effect of spherical light-weight aggregates addition on properties of A12 07 - Si02 system castables, adopting ATO mullite traditional light-weight aggregates and ATO mullite spherical light-weight aggre- gates, bauxite homogenization powder, microsilica , cal- cium aluminate cement as main raw materials, light- weight Al2 03 - SiO2 system castables were prepared by replacing conventional light-weight aggregate with spherical light-weight aggregates. The effects of spheri- cal light-weight aggregates addition on workability, me- chanical properties of castables after heated at different temperatures were researched; the microstructure of the aggregates was analyzed by SEM. The result shows that the introduction of spherical light-weight aggregates can significantly improve the flowability and reduce the water addition of the castables. Water demand of the castable is reduced from 18% with the conventional light-weight aggregates to 14% with spherical light-weight aggre- gates. In addition, light-weight castables prepared by spherical aggregates can keep the same workability with- in a wider range of water addition. Therefore, spherical aggregates are user-friendly. The introduction of spheri- cal light-weight aggregates is favorable to packing densi- ty and mechanical properties of castables, such as cold crushing strength, cold modulus of rupture, hot modulus of rupture at 1 200℃. 展开更多
关键词 spherical light-weight aggregates ability mechanical properties alumina - silica castables work- system
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压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合楼板受弯承载力试验研究 被引量:16
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作者 张燕坤 刘阳花 宋小软 《工业建筑》 CSCD 北大核心 2008年第8期83-85,共3页
通过对压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合楼板受弯承载力试验,对其受力性能和变形性能进行研究,并与普通混凝土组合楼板进行对比,以验证《钢-混凝土组合楼盖结构设计与施工规程》(YB 9238-92)及《高层民用建筑钢结构技术规程》(JGJ 99-98)对轻... 通过对压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合楼板受弯承载力试验,对其受力性能和变形性能进行研究,并与普通混凝土组合楼板进行对比,以验证《钢-混凝土组合楼盖结构设计与施工规程》(YB 9238-92)及《高层民用建筑钢结构技术规程》(JGJ 99-98)对轻骨料混凝土组合楼板正截面设计计算的适用性,为轻骨料混凝土组合楼板在工程上的应用提供依据。 展开更多
关键词 轻骨料混凝土 压型钢板 组合楼板 承载力
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Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in lightweight aggregates 被引量:5
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作者 谭文发 王里奥 +4 位作者 黄川 刘元元 J.E.Green D.Newport T.Green 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第3期835-841,共7页
Washing pre-treatrnent of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash blended with shale and sludge was utilized in the manufacture of light-weight aggregates and processed to form ceramic pellets. A formula u... Washing pre-treatrnent of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash blended with shale and sludge was utilized in the manufacture of light-weight aggregates and processed to form ceramic pellets. A formula uniform design was performed to arrange the mixture ratio of the materials. The optimal mixture ratio of the materials was determined by measuring the bulk density, granule strength, and 1 h water absorption of the pellets. It is shown that the optimal mixture ratios of materials, MSWI fly ash, shale, and sludge, are 23.16%, 62.58%, and 14.25% (mass fraction), respectively. The performance testing indicators of light-weight aggregates are obtained under the optimum mixture ratio: bulk density of 613 kg/m3, granule strength of 821N, and 1 h water absorption of 11.6%, meeting 700 grade light-aggregate of GB/T 17431.2--1998 standard. The results suggest that utilization of MSWI fly ash in light-weight aggregates is an effective method and a potential means to create much more values. 展开更多
关键词 MSWI fly ash pre-treatment trefoil rotary kiln heavy metal light-weight aggregates
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Prediction of hot tearing susceptibility of direct chill casting of AA6111 alloys via finite element simulations 被引量:4
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作者 Dong-xu CHEN Rui-feng DOU +1 位作者 Jia-qiang HAN Jun-sheng WANG 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第12期3161-3172,共12页
To predict hot tearing susceptibility(HTS)during solidification and improve the quality of Al alloy castings,constitutive equations for AA6111 alloys were developed using a direct finite element(FE)method.A hot tearin... To predict hot tearing susceptibility(HTS)during solidification and improve the quality of Al alloy castings,constitutive equations for AA6111 alloys were developed using a direct finite element(FE)method.A hot tearing model was established for direct chill(DC)casting of industrial AA6111 alloys via coupling FE model and hot tearing criterion.By applying this model to real manufacture processes,the effects of casting speed,bottom cooling,secondary cooling,and geometric variations on the HTS were revealed.The results show that the HTS of the billet increases as the speed and billet radius increase,while it reduces as the interfacial heat transfer coefficient at the bottom or secondary water-cooling rate increases.This model shows the capabilities of incorporating maximum pore fraction in simulating hot tearing initiation,which will have a significant impact on optimizing casting conditions and chemistry for minimizing HTS and thus controlling the casting quality. 展开更多
关键词 vehicle light-weighting AA6111 alloy direct chill casting hot tearing criterion pore fraction finite element simulation
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Stress and deformation due to embankment widening with different treatment techniques 被引量:3
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作者 汪浩 黄晓明 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第4期1304-1310,共7页
A two-dimensional(2-D) finite element(FE) model was developed to analyze the deformation and stress of embankment on soft ground due to widening with different treatment techniques.It is found that the embankment wide... A two-dimensional(2-D) finite element(FE) model was developed to analyze the deformation and stress of embankment on soft ground due to widening with different treatment techniques.It is found that the embankment widening induces transverse gradient change due to differential settlements and horizontal outward movements at the shoulder of the existing embankment.Embankment widening also increases the shear stress along the slope of the existing embankment,especially at the foot of slope.The failure potential due to embankment widening may increase with the increase of widening width when the widening width is smaller than 8.5 m,but may decrease with the increase of widening width as the widening width is greater than 8.5 m.The effectiveness of four ground and embankment treatment techniques,including geosynthetic reinforcement,light-weight embankment,deep mixed columns,and separating wall were compared.The results indicate that these treatments reduce the differential settlements and improve the stability.The light-weight embankment has the most effectiveness among four treatments.By using the fly-ash backfill material in widening,the transverse gradient change decreases from 0.5%-1.3% to 0.26%-0.8% and the maximum horizontal displacement decreases from 2.76 cm to 1.44 cm. 展开更多
关键词 finite element model ground treatment road widening geosynthetic reinforcement light-weight embankment deepmixed columns separating wall
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ON TECHNOLOGICAL PR OBLEMS OF FABRICATION OF RELIEF DESIGNS BY ISOMETRIC TRANSFORMATION OF THIN SHEET 被引量:3
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作者 哈里乌林BИ 特瓦伊哥拉作夫И 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI 2001年第1期11-16,共6页
Some problems connect ed with production of new light-weight filler type are considered for sandwich layers. Constructively, the filler is the folded structure that can be developed on a plane. This feature makes it... Some problems connect ed with production of new light-weight filler type are considered for sandwich layers. Constructively, the filler is the folded structure that can be developed on a plane. This feature makes it possible to produce the filler by isometric t ransformation of thin sheet through local bending without material stretching.Th e main difficulty is that the bending must be carried out along all lines of com plex-shaped marking-out at a time. The problem of shaping can be solved by use of the original shaping device that can be transformed in operation. The herein -presented technology of production makes it possible to fabricate parts with d eep relief using a wide gamut of different materials even as the thin-sheet met al alloys and paper. 展开更多
关键词 light-weight filler r egular relief folded structure isometric transformation transformable shaping device
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Lightweight Mutual Authentication Scheme for Protecting Identity in Insecure Environment 被引量:2
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作者 Xu Wu Jin Xu Binxing Fang 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第6期158-168,共11页
Many improved authentication solutions were put forward, on purpose of authenticating more quickly and securely.However, neither the overuse of hash function,or additional symmetric encryption, can truly increase the ... Many improved authentication solutions were put forward, on purpose of authenticating more quickly and securely.However, neither the overuse of hash function,or additional symmetric encryption, can truly increase the overall security. Instead,extra computation cost degraded the performance.They were still vulnerable to a variety of threats, such as smart card loss attack and impersonation attack, due to hidden loopholes and flaws. Even worse, user's identity can be parsed in insecure environment, even became traceable. Aiming to protect identity, a lightweight mutual authentication scheme is proposed. Redundant operations are removed,which make the verification process more explicit. It gains better performance with average cost compared to other similar schemes.Cryptanalysis shows the proposed scheme can resist common attacks and achieve user anonymity.Formal security is further verified by using the widely accepted Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications(AVISPA) tool. 展开更多
关键词 identify authentication light-weight authentication session key agreement user anonymity
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Stress-rupture measurements of cast magnesium strengthened by in-situ production of ceramic particles 被引量:2
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作者 Nagaraj M.Chelliah Sudarshan +3 位作者 Lisa Kraemer Harpreet Singh M.K.Surappa Rishi Raj 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS 2017年第2期225-230,共6页
We have introduced a polymer precursor into molten magnesium and then in-situ pyrolyzed to produce castings of metal matrix composites(P-MMCs)containing silicon-carbonitride(SiCNO)ceramic particles.Stress-rupture meas... We have introduced a polymer precursor into molten magnesium and then in-situ pyrolyzed to produce castings of metal matrix composites(P-MMCs)containing silicon-carbonitride(SiCNO)ceramic particles.Stress-rupture measurements of as-cast P-MMCs was performed at 350 ℃(0.69TM)to 450 ℃(0.78TM)under dead load condition corresponding to tensile stress of 2.5 MPa to 20 MPa.The time-to-fracture data were analyzed using the classical Monkman–Grant equation.The time-to-fracture is thermally activated and follows a power-law stress exponent exhibiting dislocation creep.Fractography analysis revealed that while pure magnesium appears to fracture by dislocation slip,the P-MMCs fail from the nucleation and growth of voids at the grain boundaries. 展开更多
关键词 STRESS-RUPTURE Polymer derived ceramics MAGNESIUM Dispersion strengthened alloys High temperature light-weight materials
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Mechanism of weld-line movement within hydroforming of tailor-welded tube 被引量:1
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作者 刘钢 初冠南 +1 位作者 刘伟 苑世剑 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2010年第4期486-490,共5页
To reveal the reason of weld-line movement in hydroforming of a tailor-welded tube (TWT) with dissimilar thickness,the stress ratio of axial stress to circumferential stress is derived by mechanical analysis and analy... To reveal the reason of weld-line movement in hydroforming of a tailor-welded tube (TWT) with dissimilar thickness,the stress ratio of axial stress to circumferential stress is derived by mechanical analysis and analyzed between the thicker and thinner tubes,as well as the property of the axial strain. During TWT hydroforming,tensile strain along axial direction happens on the thinner tube. On the contrary,compressive strain happens on the thicker tube. Experiments are conducted to varify the weld-line movement regularity and strain distribution. It indicates that the weld-line moves from the thinner part to the thicker during TWT hydroforming. The thinning ratio of the thinner tube is bigger than that of the thicker tube,especially in the zone near weldline. Stress ratio difference between the thicker tube and the thinner tube is the main reason of weld-line movement and non-uniform thinning ratio distribution. 展开更多
关键词 tailor-welded tube (TWT) dissimilar thickness: weld-line movement hvdroforming light-weight
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Epistemic-Based Investigation of the Probability of Hazard Scenarios Using Bayesian Network for the Lifting Operation of Floating Objects 被引量:1
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作者 Ahmad Bahoo Toroody Mohammad Mahdi Abaiee +1 位作者 Reza Gholamnia Mohammad Javad Ketabdari 《Journal of Marine Science and Application》 CSCD 2016年第3期250-259,共10页
Owing to the increase in unprecedented accidents with new root causes in almost all operational areas, the importance of risk management has dramatically risen. Risk assessment, one of the most significant aspects of ... Owing to the increase in unprecedented accidents with new root causes in almost all operational areas, the importance of risk management has dramatically risen. Risk assessment, one of the most significant aspects of risk management, has a substantial impact on the system-safety level of organizations, industries, and operations. If the causes of all kinds of failure and the interactions between them are considered, effective risk assessment can be highly accurate. A combination of traditional risk assessment approaches and modern scientific probability methods can help in realizing better quantitative risk assessment methods. Most researchers face the problem of minimal field data with respect to the probability and frequency of each failure. Because of this limitation in the availability of epistemic knowledge, it is important to conduct epistemic estimations by applying the Bayesian theory for identifying plausible outcomes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm and demonstrate its application in a case study for a light-weight lifting operation in the Persian Gulf of Iran. First, we identify potential accident scenarios and present them in an event tree format. Next, excluding human error, we use the event tree to roughly estimate the prior probability of other hazard-promoting factors using a minimal amount of field data. We then use the Success Likelihood Index Method(SLIM) to calculate the probability of human error. On the basis of the proposed event tree, we use the Bayesian network of the provided scenarios to compensate for the lack of data. Finally, we determine the resulting probability of each event based on its evidence in the epistemic estimation format by building on two Bayesian network types: the probability of hazard promotion factors and the Bayesian theory. The study results indicate that despite the lack of available information on the operation of floating objects, a satisfactory result can be achieved using epistemic data. 展开更多
关键词 epistemic estimation Bayesian theory light-weight lifting success likelihood index method(SLIM) event tree(ET) Bayesian network
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An Apparatus for Assessing Lustre of Fabrics
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作者 过玉清 李慧英 +1 位作者 石凤俊 严灏景 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2004年第3期153-157,共5页
Luster is one of the main factors in assessing fabric appearance. There are many different ways to definite and describe the luster, which result in disorder and discommodious in evaluation. Based on previous work, an... Luster is one of the main factors in assessing fabric appearance. There are many different ways to definite and describe the luster, which result in disorder and discommodious in evaluation. Based on previous work, an apparatus suited for the measure of lustre is developed. Which performed measure the reflection distribution of fabrics automatically. Then the objective judgment can be given by the geniophotometric curve. Finally taking several kind of specimens for example give the results to prove the effectiveness of the device. 展开更多
关键词 luster assess geniophotometric curve light-weight fabric apparatus
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