In the context of promoting green energy transition and addressing climate change globally,solar energy,as a clean and renewable energy source,has gradually become a hot topic for research.Solar streetlight systems re...In the context of promoting green energy transition and addressing climate change globally,solar energy,as a clean and renewable energy source,has gradually become a hot topic for research.Solar streetlight systems realize energy self-sufficiency and environment-friendly lighting by integrating photovoltaic power generation technology and efficient LED lighting technology.By comprehensively analyzing the current status of the application of solar streetlights at home and abroad,this paper discusses its technical advantages,market penetration,and challenges in its development.In terms of technical characteristics,this paper focuses on analyzing the key technologies such as energy conversion efficiency and intelligent control systems of solar streetlights.展开更多
The article mainly studies the application strategy of automatic addressable single-lamp control technology in tunnel lighting.It encompasses an introduction to this technology,an analysis of the tunnel lighting syste...The article mainly studies the application strategy of automatic addressable single-lamp control technology in tunnel lighting.It encompasses an introduction to this technology,an analysis of the tunnel lighting system using automatic addressable single-lamp control technology,and outlines the main development direction for this technology in modern tunnel lighting.The aim is to offer insights that can inform the rational deployment of this technology,thereby enhancing the lighting control effectiveness in modern tunnels and meeting their specific lighting requirements more effectively.展开更多
The rapid development of intelligent technology has led to its introduction into the field of electrical lighting in buildings.It provides more technical support for system design,use,and management,and creates a comf...The rapid development of intelligent technology has led to its introduction into the field of electrical lighting in buildings.It provides more technical support for system design,use,and management,and creates a comfortable and safe living environment.The adoption of intelligent technology enables the creation of an intelligent management system,where controllers and sensors are used to adjust the light source within the building,monitor and manage the lighting system in real time,monitor the energy consumption and safety of the system,and achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction.This paper briefly discusses the application and significance of intelligent technology in electrical lighting and puts forward design ideas to optimize electrical lighting and measures for lighting system management.展开更多
The construction and installation of street lighting is an important element in the modernization of China’s cities.Besides,it also plays an important role in raising the living standards of the people.In recent year...The construction and installation of street lighting is an important element in the modernization of China’s cities.Besides,it also plays an important role in raising the living standards of the people.In recent years,with the technological and economic development,smart street lighting has gradually emerged.Key functions of smart street lighting include road illumination,cultural promotion,meteorological monitoring,public broadcasting,and 5G micro-base stations.The overall quality of smart street lighting construction directly impacts the effectiveness of urban development and the city’s comprehensive growth.This paper analyzes the concept of smart street lighting,its advantages and disadvantages,the functionalities of smart street light systems,and the application of smart street lighting in urban road illumination.展开更多
Currently,to effectively construct high-quality smart cities and achieve comprehensive governance goals,various industries must embrace the transformation and upgrading of traditional management methods through the in...Currently,to effectively construct high-quality smart cities and achieve comprehensive governance goals,various industries must embrace the transformation and upgrading of traditional management methods through the integration of new technologies.Among these,landscape smart lighting serves as a crucial tool for advancing smart city development.By judiciously applying this technology,it is possible to enhance traditional lighting methods and offer people novel experiences in their daily lives.Recognizing this importance,this article analyzes and organizes the content of landscape smart lighting,delves into its system characteristics,and summarizes its principles and practices in the field of architectural engineering as practical references for application scenarios.展开更多
LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small,energy-saving,and efficient.This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application s...LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small,energy-saving,and efficient.This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application strategies.The aim is to offer valuable insights and references for urban planners and bridge lighting designers in China.By advancing the application of LED technology in bridge night lighting,the goal is to enhance the city’s nighttime ambiance,making the bridge an iconic landmark and a defining feature of the city.展开更多
Night lighting has been shown to affect wild animals.To date,the effects of night lighting on the metabolic homeostasis of birds that spend short time in urban environments remain unclear.Using model bird species Zebr...Night lighting has been shown to affect wild animals.To date,the effects of night lighting on the metabolic homeostasis of birds that spend short time in urban environments remain unclear.Using model bird species Zebra Finch(Taeniopygia guttata),we investigated the effects of short-term night lighting on liver transcriptome,blood glucose,triglyceride,and thyroxine(T4 and T3)levels in birds exposed to two different night lighting duration periods(three days and six days).After three days of night lighting exposure,the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis in the liver was upregulated while the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride decomposition was downregulated.There was also a reduction in blood triglyceride,glucose,and T3 concentrations.However,after six days of night lighting,the expression of genes associated with fatty acid decomposition and hyperglycemia in the liver was upregulated,while the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis was downregulated.Simultaneously,blood glucose levels and T3 concentration increased.These findings indicate that short-term exposure to night lighting can disrupt the lipid and glucose metabolism of small passerine birds,and longer stopovers in urban area with intense night lighting may cause birds to consume more lipid energy.展开更多
A smart city incorporates infrastructure methods that are environmentally responsible,such as smart communications,smart grids,smart energy,and smart buildings.The city administration has prioritized the use of cuttin...A smart city incorporates infrastructure methods that are environmentally responsible,such as smart communications,smart grids,smart energy,and smart buildings.The city administration has prioritized the use of cutting-edge technology and informatics as the primary strategy for enhancing service quality,with energy resources taking precedence.To achieve optimal energy management in themultidimensional system of a city tribe,it is necessary not only to identify and study the vast majority of energy elements,but also to define their implicit interdependencies.This is because optimal energy management is required to reach this objective.The lighting index is an essential consideration when evaluating the comfort indicators.In order to realize the concept of a smart city,the primary objective of this research is to create a system for managing and monitoring the lighting index.It is possible to identify two distinct phaseswithin the intelligent system.Once data collection concludes,the monitoring system will be activated.In the second step,the operation of the control system is analyzed and its effect on the performance of the numerical model is determined.This evaluation is based on the proposed methodology.The optimized resultswere deemed satisfactory because they maintained the brightness index value(79%)while consuming less energy.The intelligent implementation system generated satisfactory outcomes,which were observed 1.75 times on average.展开更多
Arugula(Eruca sativa Mill.),as an edible medicinal vegetable of peculiar flavor,is served as uncooked dish.The influence of variable lighting intensity(LI)on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of hydro...Arugula(Eruca sativa Mill.),as an edible medicinal vegetable of peculiar flavor,is served as uncooked dish.The influence of variable lighting intensity(LI)on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of hydroponically grown arugula was investigated by using light-emitting diodes(LEDs)to light the hydroponically grown arugula for a reference for industrialized arugula production.The dynamic demands of arugula for LI in the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage were tested under two light quality conditions including a red/blue light ratio of 7:1 and a light/dark photoperiod of 12 h/12 h.Then,the curves of variable LI-induced changes in the growth indices of arugula in different development periods were drawn.Next,the influence of variable LI on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of arugula was investigated by measuring the dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content,vitamin C content and soluble protein content.Variable LI significantly increased the height,stem diameter,leaf width,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of arugula plant.Plant height,stem diameter,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were the highest in the group exposed to LI of 200,300 and 300μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1)during the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage,respectively.The greatest leaf width was achieved at LI of 100,250 and 350μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1),respectively.High intensity LI markedly repressed the synthesis of vitamin C.展开更多
As energy gradually becomes a more valuable commodity, the desire for reduced energy losses strengthens. Lighting is a critical field on this matter, as it accounts for a large percentage of the global electricity con...As energy gradually becomes a more valuable commodity, the desire for reduced energy losses strengthens. Lighting is a critical field on this matter, as it accounts for a large percentage of the global electricity consumption and modern lighting systems are greatly more efficient than incandescent, discharge, and fluorescent lights. Previous research has proven that plants do not require the entire visible spectrum but react only to specific wavelengths, making it possible to control their growth and yield via artificial lighting. The flexibility of control of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lights allows for the combination of great energy losses reduction and controlled plant growth, achieving the improvement of two major parameters in a single action. This review paper summarizes the current research on the effect different light wavelengths have on specific plant species and discusses the applications of LED lighting for horticulture, yield storage, and disease protection.展开更多
With China’s continued development of society and economy, the importance of ecological environmental protection is growing. This protection has become an indispensable part of social development. The use of various ...With China’s continued development of society and economy, the importance of ecological environmental protection is growing. This protection has become an indispensable part of social development. The use of various green environmental protection equipment can effectively promote ecological environmental protection and reduce the adverse effects of human activities on the environment. In the field of sports lighting equipment in China, traditional lighting methods constitute an inherent danger to the environment, leading to a waste of valuable resources and environmental pollution. This study involves a multi-tile-multifunctional-function controller, which effectively solves the control problem of the control light. In the sports lighting group, the high and low-level lighting of the sports lighting group, and adjust the light from the height highly effectively to adjust each height. The low-shot mode reduces the power consumption of the system by about 33% to 60%, which significantly helps energy saving. By optimizing the performance of the lighting system, promoting the preservation of power resources, reducing the adverse effects of pollution caused by equipment utilization and energy waste, and promoting the harmonious cohabitation of human and natural environment. .展开更多
In this study,we investigated on the application of planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology in energy-saving control of tunnel lighting.The application status of PLC in the field of energy saving followed by the neces...In this study,we investigated on the application of planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology in energy-saving control of tunnel lighting.The application status of PLC in the field of energy saving followed by the necessity of energy saving in tunnel lighting was analyzed.Finally,the application of PLC in tunnel lighting energy-saving control around the three dimensions of system overall architecture design,control scheme,and program control process was investigated.The results showed that the system meets the requirements of control effect,robustness,and visual effect after trial operation,and is suitable for practical applications.展开更多
Light levels determine regeneration in stands and a key concern is how to regulate the light environment of different stand types to the requirements of the understory.In this study,we selected three stands typical in...Light levels determine regeneration in stands and a key concern is how to regulate the light environment of different stand types to the requirements of the understory.In this study,we selected three stands typical in south China(a Cryptomeria japonica plantation,a Quercus acutissima plantation,and a mixed stand of both)and three thinning intensities to determine the best understory light environ-ment for 3-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings.The canopy structure,understory light environment,and photosynthe-sis and growth indicators were assessed following thin-ning.Thinning improved canopy structure and understory light availability of each stand;species composition was the reason for differences in the understory light environ-ment.Under the same thinning intensity,the mixed stand had the greatest light radiation and most balanced spectral composition.P.bournei photosynthesis and growth were closely related to the light environment;all three stands required heavy thinning to create an effective and sustained understory light environment.In a suitable understory light environment,the efficiency of light interception,absorption,and use by seedlings was enhanced,resulting in a higher carbon assimilation the main limiting factor was stomatal conductance.As a shade-avoidance signal,red/far-red radia-tion is a critical factor driving changes in photosynthesis and growth of P.bournei seedlings,and a reduction increased light absorption and use capacity and height:diameter ratios.The growth advantage transformed from diameter to height,enabling seedlings to access more light.Our findings suggest that the regeneration of shade-tolerant species such as P.bournei could be enhanced if a targeted approach to thinning based on stand type was adopted.展开更多
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play important roles in Parkinson s disease,but the regulato ry mechanism remains elusive.Prohibitin-2(PHB2)is a newly discove red autophagy receptor in the m...Endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play important roles in Parkinson s disease,but the regulato ry mechanism remains elusive.Prohibitin-2(PHB2)is a newly discove red autophagy receptor in the mitochondrial inner membrane,and its role in Parkinson’s disease remains unclear.Protein kinase R(PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)is a factor that regulates cell fate during endoplasmic reticulum stress.Parkin is regulated by PERK and is a target of the unfolded protein response.It is unclear whether PERK regulates PHB2-mediated mitophagy thro ugh Parkin.In this study,we established a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease.We used adeno-associated virus to knockdown PHB2 expression.Our res ults showed that loss of dopaminergic neurons and motor deficits were aggravated in the MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease.Ove rexpression of PHB2 inhibited these abnormalities.We also established a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine(MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model of Parkinson’s disease.We found that ove rexpression of Parkin increased co-localization of PHB2 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,and promoted mitophagy.In addition,MPP+regulated Parkin involvement in PHB2-mediated mitophagy through phosphorylation of PERK.These findings suggest that PHB2 participates in the development of Parkinson’s disease by intera cting with endoplasmic reticulum stress and Parkin.展开更多
In order to study the complex effects of photoperiod,temperature,and light intensity on the spore maturation and release number of Ulva prolifera,we cultured thalli segment(2–3 mm)under three different photoperiods(L...In order to study the complex effects of photoperiod,temperature,and light intensity on the spore maturation and release number of Ulva prolifera,we cultured thalli segment(2–3 mm)under three different photoperiods(L:D=12:12,14:10 and 10:14),temperature(15℃(LT),25℃(MT)and 30℃(HT))and light intensity(100,200 and 400μmol m^(−2)s^(−1),noted as LL,ML and HL,respectively)conditions.Then the maturation time,spore release number and chlorophyll fluorescence were analyzed.The results suggested that:1)The spore maturation time was accelerated by higher temperature or higher light intensity from 62 h to 36 h,and changes in day length accelerated the spore maturation to a certain extent as compared with 12:12 light/dark cycle;2)Higher light intensity significantly decreased the chlorophyll fluorescence(Fv′/Fm′,NPQ,rETRmax andα)of the mature reproductive segment under 30℃with 12:12 light/dark cycle.But when in the other photoperiods(10:14 and 14:10 conditions),the inhibitory effects of high light intensity were alleviated significantly;3)The optimum condition for the spore maturation and release was 12:12 light/dark cycle,25℃,400μmol m^(−2)s^(−1),with both shorter and longer photoperiod reducing the spore release number;4)Higher light intensity significantly increased the spore release number under 25℃,but these effects were alleviated by 30℃treatment.This study is the first attempt to elucidate the coincidence effects of photoperiod,temperature and light intensity on the reproduction of Ulva,which would help to reveal the mechanism of the rapid proliferation of green tide.展开更多
Light is a fundamental environmental factor for living organisms on earth—not only as a primary energy source but also as an informational signal.In fungi,light can be used as an indicator for both time and space to ...Light is a fundamental environmental factor for living organisms on earth—not only as a primary energy source but also as an informational signal.In fungi,light can be used as an indicator for both time and space to control important physiological and morphological responses.Botrytis cinerea(B.cinerea)is a devastating phytopathogenic fungus that exploits light cues to optimize virulence and the balance between conidiation and sclerotia development,thereby improving its dispersal and survival in ecosystems.However,the components and mechanisms underlying these processes remain obscure.Here,we identify a novel light-signaling component in B.cinerea,BcCfaS,which encodes a putative cyclopropane fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase.BcCfaS is strongly induced by light at the transcriptional level and plays a crucial role in regulating photomorphogenesis.Deletion of BcCfaS results in reduced vegetative growth,altered colony morphology,impaired sclerotial development,and enhanced conidiation in a lightdependent manner.Moreover,the mutant exhibits serious defects in stress response and virulence on the host.Based on a lipidomics analysis,a number of previously unknown fungal lipids and many BcCfaS-regulated lipids are identified in B.cinerea,including several novel phospholipids and fatty acids.Importantly,we find that BcCfaS controls conidiation and sclerotial development by positively regulating methyl jasmonate(MeJA)synthesis to activate the transcription of light-signaling components,revealing for the first time the metabolic base of photomorphogenesis in fungi.Thus,we propose that BcCfaS serves as an integration node for light and lipid metabolism,thereby providing a regulatory mechanism by which fungi adapt their development to a changing light environment.These new findings provide an important target for antifungal design to prevent and control fungal disease.展开更多
Purpose:The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize and describe the methodology and results from population-based studies of physical activity and sedentary time measured with devices in the Nordic countries(...Purpose:The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize and describe the methodology and results from population-based studies of physical activity and sedentary time measured with devices in the Nordic countries(Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway,and Sweden)and published in 2000 or later.Methods:A systematic search was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science in June 2023 using predefined search terms.Results:Fourteen unique research projects or surveillance studies were identified.Additionally,2 surveillance studies published by national agencies were included,resulting in a total of 16 studies for inclusion.National surveillance systems exist in Finland and Norway,with regular survey waves in school-aged children/adolescents and adults.In Denmark,recent nationally representative data have been collected in school children only.So far,Sweden has no regular national surveillance system using device-based data collection.No studies were found from Iceland.The first study was conducted in 2001 and the most recent in 2022,with most data collected from 2016 to date.Five studies included children/adole scents 6-18 years,no study included preschoolers.In total 11 studies included adults,of which 8 also covered older adults.No study focused specifically on older adults.The analytical sample size ranged from 205 to 27,890.Detailed methodology is presented,such as information on sampling strategy,device type and placement,wear protocols,and physical activity classification schemes.Levels of physical activity and sedentary time in children/adolescents,adults,and older adults across the Nordic countries are presented.Conclusion:A growing implementation of device-based population surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behavior in the Nordic countries has been identified.The variety of devices,placement,and data procedures both within and between the Nordic countries highlights the challenges when it comes to comparing study outcomes as well as the need for more standardized data collection.展开更多
Lodging is still the key factor that limits continuous increases in wheat yields today,because the mechanical strength of culms is reduced due to low-light stress in populations under high-yield cultivation.The mechan...Lodging is still the key factor that limits continuous increases in wheat yields today,because the mechanical strength of culms is reduced due to low-light stress in populations under high-yield cultivation.The mechanical properties of the culm are mainly determined by lignin,which is affected by the light environment.However,little is known about whether the light environment can be sufficiently improved by changing the population distribution to inhibit culm lodging.Therefore,in this study,we used the wheat cultivar“Xinong 979”to establish a low-density homogeneous distribution treatment(LD),high-density homogeneous distribution treatment(HD),and high-density heterogeneous distribution treatment(HD-h)to study the regulatory effects and mechanism responsible for differences in the lodging resistance of wheat culms under different population distributions.Compared with LD,HD significantly reduced the light transmittance in the middle and basal layers of the canopy,the net photosynthetic rate in the middle and lower leaves of plants,the accumulation of lignin in the culm,and the breaking resistance of the culm,and thus the lodging index values increased significantly,with lodging rates of 67.5%in 2020–2021 and 59.3%in 2021–2022.Under HD-h,the light transmittance and other indicators in the middle and basal canopy layers were significantly higher than those under HD,and the lodging index decreased to the point that no lodging occurred.Compared with LD,the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-Lyase(PAL),4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase(4CL),catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT),and cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase(CAD)in the lignin synthesis pathway were significantly reduced in the culms under HD during the critical period for culm formation,and the relative expression levels of TaPAL,Ta4CL,TaCOMT,and TaCAD were significantly downregulated.However,the activities of lignin synthesis-related enzymes and their gene expression levels were significantly increased under HD-h compared with HD.A partial least squares path modeling analysis found significant positive effects between the canopy light environment,the photosynthetic capacity of the middle and lower leaves of plants,lignin synthesis and accumulation,and lodging resistance in the culms.Thus,under conventional high-density planting,the risk of wheat lodging was significantly higher.Accordingly,the canopy light environment can be optimized by changing the heterogeneity of the population distribution to improve the photosynthetic capacity of the middle and lower leaves of plants,promote lignin accumulation in the culm,and enhance lodging resistance in wheat.These findings provide a basis for understanding the mechanism responsible for the lower mechanical strength of the culm under high-yield wheat cultivation,and a theoretical basis and for developing technical measures to enhance lodging resistance.展开更多
文摘In the context of promoting green energy transition and addressing climate change globally,solar energy,as a clean and renewable energy source,has gradually become a hot topic for research.Solar streetlight systems realize energy self-sufficiency and environment-friendly lighting by integrating photovoltaic power generation technology and efficient LED lighting technology.By comprehensively analyzing the current status of the application of solar streetlights at home and abroad,this paper discusses its technical advantages,market penetration,and challenges in its development.In terms of technical characteristics,this paper focuses on analyzing the key technologies such as energy conversion efficiency and intelligent control systems of solar streetlights.
文摘The article mainly studies the application strategy of automatic addressable single-lamp control technology in tunnel lighting.It encompasses an introduction to this technology,an analysis of the tunnel lighting system using automatic addressable single-lamp control technology,and outlines the main development direction for this technology in modern tunnel lighting.The aim is to offer insights that can inform the rational deployment of this technology,thereby enhancing the lighting control effectiveness in modern tunnels and meeting their specific lighting requirements more effectively.
文摘The rapid development of intelligent technology has led to its introduction into the field of electrical lighting in buildings.It provides more technical support for system design,use,and management,and creates a comfortable and safe living environment.The adoption of intelligent technology enables the creation of an intelligent management system,where controllers and sensors are used to adjust the light source within the building,monitor and manage the lighting system in real time,monitor the energy consumption and safety of the system,and achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction.This paper briefly discusses the application and significance of intelligent technology in electrical lighting and puts forward design ideas to optimize electrical lighting and measures for lighting system management.
文摘The construction and installation of street lighting is an important element in the modernization of China’s cities.Besides,it also plays an important role in raising the living standards of the people.In recent years,with the technological and economic development,smart street lighting has gradually emerged.Key functions of smart street lighting include road illumination,cultural promotion,meteorological monitoring,public broadcasting,and 5G micro-base stations.The overall quality of smart street lighting construction directly impacts the effectiveness of urban development and the city’s comprehensive growth.This paper analyzes the concept of smart street lighting,its advantages and disadvantages,the functionalities of smart street light systems,and the application of smart street lighting in urban road illumination.
文摘Currently,to effectively construct high-quality smart cities and achieve comprehensive governance goals,various industries must embrace the transformation and upgrading of traditional management methods through the integration of new technologies.Among these,landscape smart lighting serves as a crucial tool for advancing smart city development.By judiciously applying this technology,it is possible to enhance traditional lighting methods and offer people novel experiences in their daily lives.Recognizing this importance,this article analyzes and organizes the content of landscape smart lighting,delves into its system characteristics,and summarizes its principles and practices in the field of architectural engineering as practical references for application scenarios.
文摘LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small,energy-saving,and efficient.This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application strategies.The aim is to offer valuable insights and references for urban planners and bridge lighting designers in China.By advancing the application of LED technology in bridge night lighting,the goal is to enhance the city’s nighttime ambiance,making the bridge an iconic landmark and a defining feature of the city.
基金supported by grants from Key laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Area,National Ethnic Affairs Commission(KLEEMA202207)the Graduate Research and Practice Projects of Minzu University of China(BZKY2022042).
文摘Night lighting has been shown to affect wild animals.To date,the effects of night lighting on the metabolic homeostasis of birds that spend short time in urban environments remain unclear.Using model bird species Zebra Finch(Taeniopygia guttata),we investigated the effects of short-term night lighting on liver transcriptome,blood glucose,triglyceride,and thyroxine(T4 and T3)levels in birds exposed to two different night lighting duration periods(three days and six days).After three days of night lighting exposure,the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis in the liver was upregulated while the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride decomposition was downregulated.There was also a reduction in blood triglyceride,glucose,and T3 concentrations.However,after six days of night lighting,the expression of genes associated with fatty acid decomposition and hyperglycemia in the liver was upregulated,while the expression of genes involved in fat synthesis was downregulated.Simultaneously,blood glucose levels and T3 concentration increased.These findings indicate that short-term exposure to night lighting can disrupt the lipid and glucose metabolism of small passerine birds,and longer stopovers in urban area with intense night lighting may cause birds to consume more lipid energy.
文摘A smart city incorporates infrastructure methods that are environmentally responsible,such as smart communications,smart grids,smart energy,and smart buildings.The city administration has prioritized the use of cutting-edge technology and informatics as the primary strategy for enhancing service quality,with energy resources taking precedence.To achieve optimal energy management in themultidimensional system of a city tribe,it is necessary not only to identify and study the vast majority of energy elements,but also to define their implicit interdependencies.This is because optimal energy management is required to reach this objective.The lighting index is an essential consideration when evaluating the comfort indicators.In order to realize the concept of a smart city,the primary objective of this research is to create a system for managing and monitoring the lighting index.It is possible to identify two distinct phaseswithin the intelligent system.Once data collection concludes,the monitoring system will be activated.In the second step,the operation of the control system is analyzed and its effect on the performance of the numerical model is determined.This evaluation is based on the proposed methodology.The optimized resultswere deemed satisfactory because they maintained the brightness index value(79%)while consuming less energy.The intelligent implementation system generated satisfactory outcomes,which were observed 1.75 times on average.
基金Supported by the National"the 13th Five-Year"Key R&D Program(2016YFD0701905)。
文摘Arugula(Eruca sativa Mill.),as an edible medicinal vegetable of peculiar flavor,is served as uncooked dish.The influence of variable lighting intensity(LI)on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of hydroponically grown arugula was investigated by using light-emitting diodes(LEDs)to light the hydroponically grown arugula for a reference for industrialized arugula production.The dynamic demands of arugula for LI in the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage were tested under two light quality conditions including a red/blue light ratio of 7:1 and a light/dark photoperiod of 12 h/12 h.Then,the curves of variable LI-induced changes in the growth indices of arugula in different development periods were drawn.Next,the influence of variable LI on the growth characteristics and nutritional quality of arugula was investigated by measuring the dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content,vitamin C content and soluble protein content.Variable LI significantly increased the height,stem diameter,leaf width,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of arugula plant.Plant height,stem diameter,dry/fresh weight ratio,chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were the highest in the group exposed to LI of 200,300 and 300μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1)during the seedling stage,initial growth stage and vigorous growth stage,respectively.The greatest leaf width was achieved at LI of 100,250 and 350μmol•m^(-2)•s^(-1),respectively.High intensity LI markedly repressed the synthesis of vitamin C.
文摘As energy gradually becomes a more valuable commodity, the desire for reduced energy losses strengthens. Lighting is a critical field on this matter, as it accounts for a large percentage of the global electricity consumption and modern lighting systems are greatly more efficient than incandescent, discharge, and fluorescent lights. Previous research has proven that plants do not require the entire visible spectrum but react only to specific wavelengths, making it possible to control their growth and yield via artificial lighting. The flexibility of control of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lights allows for the combination of great energy losses reduction and controlled plant growth, achieving the improvement of two major parameters in a single action. This review paper summarizes the current research on the effect different light wavelengths have on specific plant species and discusses the applications of LED lighting for horticulture, yield storage, and disease protection.
文摘With China’s continued development of society and economy, the importance of ecological environmental protection is growing. This protection has become an indispensable part of social development. The use of various green environmental protection equipment can effectively promote ecological environmental protection and reduce the adverse effects of human activities on the environment. In the field of sports lighting equipment in China, traditional lighting methods constitute an inherent danger to the environment, leading to a waste of valuable resources and environmental pollution. This study involves a multi-tile-multifunctional-function controller, which effectively solves the control problem of the control light. In the sports lighting group, the high and low-level lighting of the sports lighting group, and adjust the light from the height highly effectively to adjust each height. The low-shot mode reduces the power consumption of the system by about 33% to 60%, which significantly helps energy saving. By optimizing the performance of the lighting system, promoting the preservation of power resources, reducing the adverse effects of pollution caused by equipment utilization and energy waste, and promoting the harmonious cohabitation of human and natural environment. .
文摘In this study,we investigated on the application of planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology in energy-saving control of tunnel lighting.The application status of PLC in the field of energy saving followed by the necessity of energy saving in tunnel lighting was analyzed.Finally,the application of PLC in tunnel lighting energy-saving control around the three dimensions of system overall architecture design,control scheme,and program control process was investigated.The results showed that the system meets the requirements of control effect,robustness,and visual effect after trial operation,and is suitable for practical applications.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31870613)Guizhou Province High-level Innovative Talents Training Plan Project(2016)5661.
文摘Light levels determine regeneration in stands and a key concern is how to regulate the light environment of different stand types to the requirements of the understory.In this study,we selected three stands typical in south China(a Cryptomeria japonica plantation,a Quercus acutissima plantation,and a mixed stand of both)and three thinning intensities to determine the best understory light environ-ment for 3-year-old Phoebe bournei seedlings.The canopy structure,understory light environment,and photosynthe-sis and growth indicators were assessed following thin-ning.Thinning improved canopy structure and understory light availability of each stand;species composition was the reason for differences in the understory light environ-ment.Under the same thinning intensity,the mixed stand had the greatest light radiation and most balanced spectral composition.P.bournei photosynthesis and growth were closely related to the light environment;all three stands required heavy thinning to create an effective and sustained understory light environment.In a suitable understory light environment,the efficiency of light interception,absorption,and use by seedlings was enhanced,resulting in a higher carbon assimilation the main limiting factor was stomatal conductance.As a shade-avoidance signal,red/far-red radia-tion is a critical factor driving changes in photosynthesis and growth of P.bournei seedlings,and a reduction increased light absorption and use capacity and height:diameter ratios.The growth advantage transformed from diameter to height,enabling seedlings to access more light.Our findings suggest that the regeneration of shade-tolerant species such as P.bournei could be enhanced if a targeted approach to thinning based on stand type was adopted.
基金supported by the Key Science and Technology Research of Henan Province,No.222102310351(to JW)Luoyang 2022 Medical and Health Guiding Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2022057Y(to JY)Henan Medical Science and Technology Research Program Province-Ministry Co-sponsorship,No.SBGJ202002099(to JY)。
文摘Endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play important roles in Parkinson s disease,but the regulato ry mechanism remains elusive.Prohibitin-2(PHB2)is a newly discove red autophagy receptor in the mitochondrial inner membrane,and its role in Parkinson’s disease remains unclear.Protein kinase R(PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)is a factor that regulates cell fate during endoplasmic reticulum stress.Parkin is regulated by PERK and is a target of the unfolded protein response.It is unclear whether PERK regulates PHB2-mediated mitophagy thro ugh Parkin.In this study,we established a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease.We used adeno-associated virus to knockdown PHB2 expression.Our res ults showed that loss of dopaminergic neurons and motor deficits were aggravated in the MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease.Ove rexpression of PHB2 inhibited these abnormalities.We also established a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine(MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model of Parkinson’s disease.We found that ove rexpression of Parkin increased co-localization of PHB2 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3,and promoted mitophagy.In addition,MPP+regulated Parkin involvement in PHB2-mediated mitophagy through phosphorylation of PERK.These findings suggest that PHB2 participates in the development of Parkinson’s disease by intera cting with endoplasmic reticulum stress and Parkin.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY23D060003)the Key Program of Science and Technology Innovation in Ningbo(2021Z114,2023Z118)sponsored by K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University.
文摘In order to study the complex effects of photoperiod,temperature,and light intensity on the spore maturation and release number of Ulva prolifera,we cultured thalli segment(2–3 mm)under three different photoperiods(L:D=12:12,14:10 and 10:14),temperature(15℃(LT),25℃(MT)and 30℃(HT))and light intensity(100,200 and 400μmol m^(−2)s^(−1),noted as LL,ML and HL,respectively)conditions.Then the maturation time,spore release number and chlorophyll fluorescence were analyzed.The results suggested that:1)The spore maturation time was accelerated by higher temperature or higher light intensity from 62 h to 36 h,and changes in day length accelerated the spore maturation to a certain extent as compared with 12:12 light/dark cycle;2)Higher light intensity significantly decreased the chlorophyll fluorescence(Fv′/Fm′,NPQ,rETRmax andα)of the mature reproductive segment under 30℃with 12:12 light/dark cycle.But when in the other photoperiods(10:14 and 14:10 conditions),the inhibitory effects of high light intensity were alleviated significantly;3)The optimum condition for the spore maturation and release was 12:12 light/dark cycle,25℃,400μmol m^(−2)s^(−1),with both shorter and longer photoperiod reducing the spore release number;4)Higher light intensity significantly increased the spore release number under 25℃,but these effects were alleviated by 30℃treatment.This study is the first attempt to elucidate the coincidence effects of photoperiod,temperature and light intensity on the reproduction of Ulva,which would help to reveal the mechanism of the rapid proliferation of green tide.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930086 and 32172642)the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program of China(2016YFD0400902 and 2021YFD2100505).
文摘Light is a fundamental environmental factor for living organisms on earth—not only as a primary energy source but also as an informational signal.In fungi,light can be used as an indicator for both time and space to control important physiological and morphological responses.Botrytis cinerea(B.cinerea)is a devastating phytopathogenic fungus that exploits light cues to optimize virulence and the balance between conidiation and sclerotia development,thereby improving its dispersal and survival in ecosystems.However,the components and mechanisms underlying these processes remain obscure.Here,we identify a novel light-signaling component in B.cinerea,BcCfaS,which encodes a putative cyclopropane fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase.BcCfaS is strongly induced by light at the transcriptional level and plays a crucial role in regulating photomorphogenesis.Deletion of BcCfaS results in reduced vegetative growth,altered colony morphology,impaired sclerotial development,and enhanced conidiation in a lightdependent manner.Moreover,the mutant exhibits serious defects in stress response and virulence on the host.Based on a lipidomics analysis,a number of previously unknown fungal lipids and many BcCfaS-regulated lipids are identified in B.cinerea,including several novel phospholipids and fatty acids.Importantly,we find that BcCfaS controls conidiation and sclerotial development by positively regulating methyl jasmonate(MeJA)synthesis to activate the transcription of light-signaling components,revealing for the first time the metabolic base of photomorphogenesis in fungi.Thus,we propose that BcCfaS serves as an integration node for light and lipid metabolism,thereby providing a regulatory mechanism by which fungi adapt their development to a changing light environment.These new findings provide an important target for antifungal design to prevent and control fungal disease.
文摘Purpose:The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize and describe the methodology and results from population-based studies of physical activity and sedentary time measured with devices in the Nordic countries(Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway,and Sweden)and published in 2000 or later.Methods:A systematic search was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science in June 2023 using predefined search terms.Results:Fourteen unique research projects or surveillance studies were identified.Additionally,2 surveillance studies published by national agencies were included,resulting in a total of 16 studies for inclusion.National surveillance systems exist in Finland and Norway,with regular survey waves in school-aged children/adolescents and adults.In Denmark,recent nationally representative data have been collected in school children only.So far,Sweden has no regular national surveillance system using device-based data collection.No studies were found from Iceland.The first study was conducted in 2001 and the most recent in 2022,with most data collected from 2016 to date.Five studies included children/adole scents 6-18 years,no study included preschoolers.In total 11 studies included adults,of which 8 also covered older adults.No study focused specifically on older adults.The analytical sample size ranged from 205 to 27,890.Detailed methodology is presented,such as information on sampling strategy,device type and placement,wear protocols,and physical activity classification schemes.Levels of physical activity and sedentary time in children/adolescents,adults,and older adults across the Nordic countries are presented.Conclusion:A growing implementation of device-based population surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behavior in the Nordic countries has been identified.The variety of devices,placement,and data procedures both within and between the Nordic countries highlights the challenges when it comes to comparing study outcomes as well as the need for more standardized data collection.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071955)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(2018JQ3061).
文摘Lodging is still the key factor that limits continuous increases in wheat yields today,because the mechanical strength of culms is reduced due to low-light stress in populations under high-yield cultivation.The mechanical properties of the culm are mainly determined by lignin,which is affected by the light environment.However,little is known about whether the light environment can be sufficiently improved by changing the population distribution to inhibit culm lodging.Therefore,in this study,we used the wheat cultivar“Xinong 979”to establish a low-density homogeneous distribution treatment(LD),high-density homogeneous distribution treatment(HD),and high-density heterogeneous distribution treatment(HD-h)to study the regulatory effects and mechanism responsible for differences in the lodging resistance of wheat culms under different population distributions.Compared with LD,HD significantly reduced the light transmittance in the middle and basal layers of the canopy,the net photosynthetic rate in the middle and lower leaves of plants,the accumulation of lignin in the culm,and the breaking resistance of the culm,and thus the lodging index values increased significantly,with lodging rates of 67.5%in 2020–2021 and 59.3%in 2021–2022.Under HD-h,the light transmittance and other indicators in the middle and basal canopy layers were significantly higher than those under HD,and the lodging index decreased to the point that no lodging occurred.Compared with LD,the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-Lyase(PAL),4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase(4CL),catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT),and cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase(CAD)in the lignin synthesis pathway were significantly reduced in the culms under HD during the critical period for culm formation,and the relative expression levels of TaPAL,Ta4CL,TaCOMT,and TaCAD were significantly downregulated.However,the activities of lignin synthesis-related enzymes and their gene expression levels were significantly increased under HD-h compared with HD.A partial least squares path modeling analysis found significant positive effects between the canopy light environment,the photosynthetic capacity of the middle and lower leaves of plants,lignin synthesis and accumulation,and lodging resistance in the culms.Thus,under conventional high-density planting,the risk of wheat lodging was significantly higher.Accordingly,the canopy light environment can be optimized by changing the heterogeneity of the population distribution to improve the photosynthetic capacity of the middle and lower leaves of plants,promote lignin accumulation in the culm,and enhance lodging resistance in wheat.These findings provide a basis for understanding the mechanism responsible for the lower mechanical strength of the culm under high-yield wheat cultivation,and a theoretical basis and for developing technical measures to enhance lodging resistance.