Influence of Lightning Disaster on Cities and Lightning Defense Measures

Under the influence of special terrain and climatic conditions,lightning weather in Ulanqab City is more frequent from June to August,and lightning disaster has become one of the important tasks of disaster prevention and mitigation.In this paper,based on the characteristics of lightning weather in Ulanqab City,the impact of lightning disaster on the city was analyzed,and lightning protection measures,such as strengthening supervision of lightning protection safety,establishing a long-term lightning protection mechanism,doing a good job in lightning protection construction and detection in key places,and further improving public awareness of lightning protection,were put forward to reduce and avoid urban lightning disasters as much as possible and ensure urban safety.

Investigation on a Typical Scattered Lightning Strike Case and Response Measures

From July 31 to August I in 2008, a strong thunderstorm process occurred in Neijiang of Sichuan Province, and a strange scattered light- ning strike phenomenon happened in office building of Dongxing Meteorological Bureau in Neijiang. Through a series of investigations and analyses, we found occurrence reason of the scattered lightning strike and improved lightning protection measures.

Characteristics of Lightning Damage to Coastal Wind Farms and Its Protective Measures

Firstly, characteristics of coastal wind farms were analyzed, and then lightning damage to coastal wind farms was discussed, finally main lightning protection measures were put forward from aspects of turbine blades, engine rooms and overvoltage protection. Besides conventional light- ning protection technology, local lightning protection, pre-discharge and lightning motoring and early warning techniques should be used to protect coastal wind farms against lightning.

Analysis of a Lightning Strike Accident of a Rural House and Defensive Measures

A lightning strike accident of a residential house in the rural areas of Neijiang is analyzed through on-site investigation,and the causes are discussed. Defensive measures of lightning disasters are proposed to provide reference for the prevention of lightning disasters in the construction of new countryside.

Study on the Causes of Rural Lightning Disaster and Countermeasures of Lightning Protection and Disaster Reduction

With the development of the time and the progress of economy,great changes have taken place in the environment.In recent years,it is common to see bad weather,such as hurricane,drought,lightning and so on.The emergence of these weather has the greatest impact on farmers and crops,especially the lightning weather,not only that,but also sometimes cause personal injury.In face of the frequent occurrence of bad weather in recent years and its harm and threat to China's agriculture,rural areas,personnel,etc.,the author makes a detailed study on the causes of rural lightning weather,analyzes the lightning protection measures in rural areas and their shortcomings,and summarizes the relevant improvement measures.

Protective Measures to Oil Depot Against Lightning Stroke and Electrostatic Spark

Introduction Lightning can cause great destruction. According to the record in the northern China, more than 150 lightning strokes occur on a power system annually. High voltage (millions of volts) and large current (hundreds of -kA) associated with lightning, will damage property and even kill people and livestocks. It will be very dangerous if a lightning stroke strikes oil depot of power plant or substation. In addition, the high voltage induced by the electrostatic charge generated due to oil flowing will probably cause damage unless the electrification has been limited and drained off.

Protection of Elevators against Lightning

In the thunderstorm process on August 3,2016,among the nine elevators in a housing estate in the middle of Neijiang City,six elevators were damaged by lightning. In this study,the impact of lightning stroke on elevators was analyzed firstly,and then measures to protect elevators against lightning were proposed,which provides a practical basis for the improvement of protection of elevators against lightning.

1200 kV雷电冲击电压标准测量系统

目前,冲击电压测量系统溯源所需的国家计量标准系统额定电压只有700 kV,无法满足3500 kV及以上的特高压电器的溯源需求。对研制的1200 kV电阻分压器进行结构分析,并对建立的1200 kV冲击电压测量系统进行性能测试及改进,在700 kV电压范围内与已有的700 kV冲击电压国家标准测量系统进行比对校准,在700 kV至1200 kV电压范围进行线性度实验。对1200 kV标准冲击电压测量系统进行了不确定度评定,评定结果表明研制的1200 kV雷电冲击电压标准测量系统的试验电压、波前时间、半峰值时间的测量误差均在国际标准IEC 60060及国家标准GB/T 16927允许范围内,将我国的冲击电压国家标准测量系统额定电压等级提高至1200 kV。

雷电试验技术研究进展

雷电试验是了解雷电作用机理和破坏效应、验证防护技术有效性的重要途径。文章从人工引雷、实验室模拟、雷电效应测量、雷电发展过程观测四个方面综述了雷电试验技术的研究进展。重点介绍了国内外大型雷电试验设施、激光诱导雷电放电、荷电汽团模拟云内放电、邻近雷击环境、抗强电磁干扰测量、雷电辐射源高精度定位等技术发展,对雷电试验领域的一些问题进行了思考和展望。

500 kV交流架空输电线路雷电性能及防护措施

[目的]雷击是造成500 kV交流输电线路故障和停电事故的主要原因,开展输电线路防雷评估对于系统的稳定运行有着极为重要的意义。[方法]依托我国某在建500 kV交流输电线路工程,根据线路基本参数等信息,通过电磁暂态程序(Electro-Magnetic Transient Program,EMTP)和改进的电气几何模型法(Electro-Geometric Model,EGM),对线路的绕击、反击耐雷性能进行了仿真研究,计算了线路的雷击跳闸(闪络)率,按照线路雷击风险划分原则确定线路杆塔的雷击风险等级,结合邻近已投运线路的实际运行数据,针对雷击风险较高的杆塔提出了雷击防护措施,并通过计算进一步验证了措施的有效性。[结果]仿真结果表明,安装线路避雷器是有效的雷击防护措施,它们可大幅降低杆塔的雷击跳闸率,提升线路耐雷性能。在采取雷击防护措施后,全线无雷击风险等级为IV级的杆塔,全线平均雷击跳闸率下降至I级的安全水平,满足《架空输电线路防雷技术导则》(Q/CSG 1107002—2018)要求。[结论]文章所提的雷击风险评估方法和防雷措施选择流程是正确并有效的,对500 kV交流架空输电线路防雷设计具有一定的工程应用价值与参考意义。

浅谈雷击电磁脉冲引发的雷击案例分析与对策

本文采用实地勘查、数据收集、资料整理、综合分析等方法,通过调取雷击事发时段闪电定位、预报气象服务、采集器蒸发量等数据资料,重点对孕灾环境、雷击电磁脉冲感应、地电位反击等因素进行分析,发现雷击电磁脉冲是引发此次雷击事故的原因,并有针对性地提出供电线、数据传输线的有效屏蔽以及合理设置汇流排等整改措施。

铝制穹顶储罐火灾事故分析及防控研究

为避免铝制穹顶储罐火灾事故发生,通过对典型事故案例的事故原因进行分析,从提升安全防护技术、加强安全管理、提高应急管理水平3个方面,提出了对大型外浮顶储罐事故防控的措施,对保障大型油气储存基地安全风险防控具有指导意义。

高层建筑防雷检测技术研究

分析、探讨高层建筑雷电危害主要特点、防雷措施及检测技术特点,给出高层建筑尤其是超高层建筑检测中检测基准点的选取方法,从内部防雷、外部防雷、侧击雷防护等方面阐述防雷检测技术的各环节要素及注意细节,提出加强高层建筑防雷设施的日常维护和定期检测。

调频发射机的整体防雷与接地措施分析

在保障调频发射机稳定运行的过程中,防雷与接地措施尤为关键。概述调频发射机的基本特点和作用,系统分析雷击的类型及特征,探讨调频发射机整体防雷的必要性并就接地措施提出一系列建议。以期通过这些措施,有效降低调频发射机遭受雷击导致的损坏风险,确保设备安全稳定运行。

建筑物和设施外露防雷引引下线防接触电压措施研究

分析3部现行国家标准中关于防雷引下线防接触电压的技术条文,研究人员可以接触到的外露引下线防接触电压措施;结合上海世博源这一实际工程案例,从安全可靠、经济合理、切实可行的角度出发,提出建筑物或设施外露防雷引下线防接触电压的措施要求。

鄱阳湖物理模型测控系统综合防雷设计与应用

针对室外大型河工物理模型测控系统可能遭受雷击损坏的问题,结合测控设备的具体布设位置,提出包含内部和外部防雷措施的系统综合防雷设计方案。以鄱阳湖物理模型测控系统为应用对象,内部防雷方面,针对测控中心电源、弱电信号等系统,提出具体的防雷措施;外部防雷方面,仿真分析直击雷击中室外就地监控箱避雷装置时,电流在电源线缆与接地系统的比例分配情况,设计监控终端设备数字水位仪、尾门控制器、湖区就地监控箱、摄像头等设备的防雷接地方案,以及整个测控系统的接地与屏蔽措施。综合防雷系统建成后,测控系统未遭受雷电袭击,系统防雷效果良好。综合防雷技术大大提高系统综合雷电防护能力,为模型试验的顺利开展提供很好的技术支撑,同时对后续开展系统雷电防护研究具有较好的借鉴意义。

光伏系统的雷电灾害分析及雷电防护措施研究

针对光伏系统的雷电防护问题,文章从直击雷危害、感应雷危害、雷电波侵入和地电位反击等方面研究了雷电对光伏系统的危害方式,分析了雷电对光伏电池板、控制器和逆变器等光伏组件的危害,对光伏系统的雷电防护区域进行了合理划分,并提出了安装接闪装置、等电位连接、加装屏蔽和安装浪涌保护器等雷电防护措施,为光伏电站防雷工作提供指导。

基于防雷监测系统的地电位反击判断方法

地电位反击是雷电入侵方式之一,由于地电位反击的特点尚未明确,并且机械室对于地电位反击引起的雷电灾害并没有针对性的防护方法,为此提出一种在防雷监测系统基础上的地电位反击判断方法。通过分析采集的雷电信号,结合流程图判断是否发生地电位反击,并精准有效地提出防雷措施优化建议:如果新建机械室,则需在距离机械室15 m以上的位置架设通信杆塔;如果机械室与通信杆塔已建成,距离已无法满足15 m以上,则需断开二者的接地网,并在防雷薄弱点加装浪涌保护器或防雷隔离变压器,以达到提升铁路信号设备可靠性的目的。通过试验站的典型案例,验证了该方法的有效性。

大理局±500 kV金中直流线雷击跳闸分析

输电线路是电力系统重要组成部分,其能否稳定运行,直接影响到整个电力系统运行的安全性和可靠性。为此,对超高压输电公司大理局近年来±500 kV金中直流线雷击跳闸情况进行分析,针对该线路实况及雷电活动情况,总结出相应的防雷措施,对线路的安全稳定运行提供重要保障。

建筑电气设计中的防雷接地技术措施探析

雷电是大气电荷间的放电现象,形成的电流和电压具有巨大的能量。雷电产生的瞬态高电压和高电流容易对电气设备和结构造成损害,防雷接地技术可以预防这类灾害。防雷接地是建筑电气设计中重要的一环,其作用是保护建筑物及其内部电气设备免受雷击的损害。通过对防雷接地技术的解析,详细介绍了防雷接地技术的意义、原理和实施措施,以及其在建筑电气设计中的应用。通过科学应用防雷接地技术,可以避免雷击灾害发生,使建筑物获得良好的防雷效果。