Models for hydrolysis,fermentation and concentration process,production and utilization of biogas as well as lignin gasification are developed to calculate the heat demand of ethanol production process and the amounts...Models for hydrolysis,fermentation and concentration process,production and utilization of biogas as well as lignin gasification are developed to calculate the heat demand of ethanol production process and the amounts of heat and power generated from residues and wastewater of the process.For the energy analysis,all relevant information about the process streams,physical properties,and mass and energy balances are considered.Energy integration is investigated for establishing a network of facilities for heat and power generation from wastewater and residues treatment aiming at the increase of energy efficiency.Feeding the lignin to an IGCC process,the electric efficiency is increased by 4.4% compared with combustion,which leads to an overall energy efficiency of 53.8%.A detailed sensitivity analysis on energy efficiency is also carried out.展开更多
A new route was developed for the synthesis of renewable decalin with cyclopentanone which can be derived from lignocellulose.It was found that 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene could be selectively produced by the...A new route was developed for the synthesis of renewable decalin with cyclopentanone which can be derived from lignocellulose.It was found that 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene could be selectively produced by the hydrogenation/dehydration/rearrangement of [1,1-bi(cyclopentylidene)]-2-one(i.e.the selfaldol condensation product of cyclopentanone) over a dual-bed catalyst system.Among the investigated catalysts,the Ru/C and Amberlyst-15 resin exhibited the highest activities for the hydrogenation of [1,1-bi(cyclopentylidene)]-2-one to [1,1-bi(cyclopentan)]-2-ol and the dehydration/rearrangement of [1,1-bi(cyclopentan)]-2-ol to 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene,respectively.Using Ru/C and Amberlyst-15 resin as the first bed and the second bed catalysts,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene was directly produced in high carbon yield(83.7%) under mild conditions(393 K,1 MPa).After being hydrogenated,the1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene was converted to decalin which can be used as additive to improve the thermal stability and volumetric heat value of jet fuel.展开更多
Increased demand for liquid transportation fuels, environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources requires the development of efficient conversion technologies for production of second-generation biofuels ...Increased demand for liquid transportation fuels, environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources requires the development of efficient conversion technologies for production of second-generation biofuels from non-food resources. Thermochemical approaches hold great potential for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into liquid fuels. Direct thermochemical processes convert biomass into liquid fuels in one step using heat and catalysts and have many advantages over indirect and biological processes, such as greater feedstock flexibility, integrated conversion of whole biomass, and lower operation costs. Several direct thermochemical processes are employed in the production of liquid biofuels depending on the nature of the feedstock properties: such as fast pyrolysis/liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass for bio-oil, including upgrading methods, such as catalytic cracking and hydrogenation. Owing to the substantial amount of liquid fuels consumed by vehicular transport, converting biomass into drop-in liquid fuels may reduce the dependence of the fuel market on petroleumbased fuel products. In this review, we also summarize recent progress in technologies for large-scale equipment for direct thermochemical conversion. We focus on the technical aspects critical to commercialization of the technologies for production of liquid fuels from biomass,including feedstock type, cracking catalysts, catalytic cracking mechanisms, catalytic reactors, and biofuel properties. We also discuss future prospects for direct thermochemical conversion in biorefineries for the production of high grade biofuels.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50506010)Chinese National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program) (No.2007AA100702-5)
文摘Models for hydrolysis,fermentation and concentration process,production and utilization of biogas as well as lignin gasification are developed to calculate the heat demand of ethanol production process and the amounts of heat and power generated from residues and wastewater of the process.For the energy analysis,all relevant information about the process streams,physical properties,and mass and energy balances are considered.Energy integration is investigated for establishing a network of facilities for heat and power generation from wastewater and residues treatment aiming at the increase of energy efficiency.Feeding the lignin to an IGCC process,the electric efficiency is increased by 4.4% compared with combustion,which leads to an overall energy efficiency of 53.8%.A detailed sensitivity analysis on energy efficiency is also carried out.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos.21776273 21721004+6 种基金 21690080 21690082)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB17020100)the National Key Projects for Fundamental Research and Development of China (2016YFA0202801)Dalian Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (no.2015R005)Department of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province (under contract of 2015020086-101)100-talent project of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP)
文摘A new route was developed for the synthesis of renewable decalin with cyclopentanone which can be derived from lignocellulose.It was found that 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene could be selectively produced by the hydrogenation/dehydration/rearrangement of [1,1-bi(cyclopentylidene)]-2-one(i.e.the selfaldol condensation product of cyclopentanone) over a dual-bed catalyst system.Among the investigated catalysts,the Ru/C and Amberlyst-15 resin exhibited the highest activities for the hydrogenation of [1,1-bi(cyclopentylidene)]-2-one to [1,1-bi(cyclopentan)]-2-ol and the dehydration/rearrangement of [1,1-bi(cyclopentan)]-2-ol to 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene,respectively.Using Ru/C and Amberlyst-15 resin as the first bed and the second bed catalysts,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene was directly produced in high carbon yield(83.7%) under mild conditions(393 K,1 MPa).After being hydrogenated,the1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene was converted to decalin which can be used as additive to improve the thermal stability and volumetric heat value of jet fuel.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31422013)the Research Institute of New Technology,Special Fund for Fundamental Research(CAFYBB2014ZD003)for financial support during this investigation
文摘Increased demand for liquid transportation fuels, environmental concerns and depletion of petroleum resources requires the development of efficient conversion technologies for production of second-generation biofuels from non-food resources. Thermochemical approaches hold great potential for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into liquid fuels. Direct thermochemical processes convert biomass into liquid fuels in one step using heat and catalysts and have many advantages over indirect and biological processes, such as greater feedstock flexibility, integrated conversion of whole biomass, and lower operation costs. Several direct thermochemical processes are employed in the production of liquid biofuels depending on the nature of the feedstock properties: such as fast pyrolysis/liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass for bio-oil, including upgrading methods, such as catalytic cracking and hydrogenation. Owing to the substantial amount of liquid fuels consumed by vehicular transport, converting biomass into drop-in liquid fuels may reduce the dependence of the fuel market on petroleumbased fuel products. In this review, we also summarize recent progress in technologies for large-scale equipment for direct thermochemical conversion. We focus on the technical aspects critical to commercialization of the technologies for production of liquid fuels from biomass,including feedstock type, cracking catalysts, catalytic cracking mechanisms, catalytic reactors, and biofuel properties. We also discuss future prospects for direct thermochemical conversion in biorefineries for the production of high grade biofuels.
