Effects of Ligustrazine on Bone Marrow Microvessel Systemin the Early Period of Acute Radiation Injury in Mice

Sublethally irradiated mice were immediately treated with 250 mg/kg Ligustrazine Phosphiatis intraperitoneally twice a day for seven days, and the bone marrow sections of ulna were observed. On the 5th day, the number of bone marrow microvessels of the Ligustrazine group was much greater than that of the control group. On the 7th day, the amount of the control group decreased to normal, while the ligustrazine group was still increasing, and the microvessel area was enlarged obviously. The percentage of the hematopoietic tissue volume in bone marrow between the two groups had no significant difference in the first 7days. On the 7th day after irradiation, the peripheral neutrophilic granulocytes increased in the Ligustrazine group- The results suggested that early use of Ligustrazine after acute radiation injury might improve the blood supply of bone marrow, and be helpful for recovery of hematopoiesis.

Effect of Ligustrazine on Expressions of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Its Receptor in Bone Marrow of Mice with Acute Radiation Injury

Objective: To study the expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and its receptor (bFGFR) in bone marrow of mice with acute radiation injury, and to evaluate the effect of Ligustrazine (Lt) on them. Methods: Fifty-six Kunming mice of clean grade were randomly divided into 3 groups, the normal group, the control group and the Lt group. Mice in the latter two groups were once homogeneously systemic irradiated with 6.0 Gy of 60 Co, with the absorption dose rate of 0. 56 Gy/min, then treated with saline (0.2 ml/ mice) or Lt (2 mg/mice) respectively, twice a day through gastrogavage for successive 13 days. Mice were sacrificed in batch on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day by cervical dislocation to collect the bilateral femoral bone marrow for preparing bone marrow mono-nuclear cell (BMMNC) suspension. The bFGFR expression on surface of BMMNC was determined by flow cytometry; and the bFGF expres-sion level in one side of femoral bone marrow tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry with SABC-AP assay. Results: The bFGF expression in bone marrow of mice on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after acute radiation injury all were significantly lower than that of the normal mice (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The expressions of bFGF and bFGFR in the Lt group detected were significantly higher than that in the control group detected at the corresponding time points (P<0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion:By way of enhancing bFGF expression in bone marrow and bFGFR expression on surface of BMMNC to accelerate the repairing of hemopoietic micro-environment in bone marrow might be one of the mechanisms of Lt in promoting hemopoietic function reconstitution after acute radiation injury.Original article on CJITWM (Chin) 2004;24(5):439

Ligustrazine alleviates gastric mucosal injury in a rat model of acute necrotizing pancreatitis

BACKGROUND: Acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) leads to a systemic inflammatory response characterized by widespread leukocyte activation and, as a consequence, distant organ injury. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between gastric microcirculatory impairment and inflammatory mediators released in rats and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of ligustrazine extracted from Rhizoma ligusticum wallichii on gastric mucosa injury in a rat model of ANP. METHODS: Ninety-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control (group Q; ANP without treatment (group P); and ANP treated with ligustrazine (group T). The ANP model was induced by injection of 50 g/L sodium taurocholate under the pancreatic membrane (4 ml/kg). Group C was given isovolumetric injection of 9 g/L physiological saline by the same route. Group T was injected with ligustrazine (10 ml/kg) via the portal vein. The radioactive biomicrosphere technique was used to measure the blood flow 2 and 12 hours after the induction of ANP. Samples of the pancreas and stomach were taken to assess pathological changes by a validated histology score; meanwhile, the levels of serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) were determined. Gastric tissues were also used to measure the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO), which is expressed intracellularly in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils. RESULTS: Blood flow in group P was significantly lower than that in group C (P < 0.01). Pathological changes were significantly aggravated in group P. The gastric MPO activity in group P was significantly higher than that in group C (P < 0.01). The level of serum IL-1 beta in group P increased more significantly than that in group C (P < 0.01). Blood flow of the stomach in group T was significantly higher than that in group P after 2 hours (P < 0.01). The pathological changes were significantly alleviated in group T. The MPO activity of group T was significantly lower than that of group P (P < 0.01). Although serum IL-1 beta level of group T, was higher than of group C (P < 0.01), it was lower than that of group P (P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between gastric blood flow and MPO activity (r=-0.983, P < 0.01), and between gastric blood flow and pathological score (r=-0.917, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Decreased gastric blood flow and increased inflammatory mediators can be seen early in ANP, and both are important factors for gastric and mucosal injury. Ligustrazine can ameliorate microcirculatory disorder and alleviate the damage to the pancreas and stomach.

Clinical and Experimental Study on Prevention and Treatment of Acute Radiation Injury in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients by Yiqi Huoxue Yangyin Recipe (益气活血养阴方)

Objective: To observe the effect of Chinese herbal medicine in alleviating acute toxic adverse effect of radiotherapy and on growth of stromal cells in bone marrow. Methods: Seventy two patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were randomly divided into two groups. Radical radiotherapy was applied to both groups. In the radiotherapeutic period, to the 36 patients in the treated group, Yiqi Huoxue Yangyin Recipe (YHYR) was given additionally by oral taking and compressing on radiation area, and to the 36 patients in the control group, vitamin B 12 solution was given for gargling or compressing. Experimental study was carried out in rats of two groups, irradiated with 5.0 Gy X ray and treated with YHYR or normal saline intraperitoneally, to observe the colony forming unit fibroblastoid (CFU F) in cultured bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC), taken from the rats at different time.Results: The oral mucomembranous radiation damage occurred in 47.2% of the treated group when the dose of radiation reached to 41.4±9.4 Gy, while in the control group, it was 91.7% when the dose reached to 30.9±8.9 Gy. The skin radiation damage occurrence rate in the two groups was 13.9% and 33.3% respectively when the dose of radiation reached to 50.2±5.6 Gy and 43.2±6.3 Gy respectively. Comparison of the two groups showed significant difference ( P <0.01), the radiation damage was significantly slighter in the treated group. Experimental study showed that the rats in the two groups were significantly different in occurrence and degree of bone marrow function inhibition, P <0.01. The numbers of CFU F in cultured BMSC of radiation damaged rats taken at respective different culture time were also significantly different between the two groups, P < 0.01 .Conclusion: YHYR could significantly reduce acute radiation damage of mucomembrane and skin, alleviate the inhibition on bone marrow function, and eliminate the injury of radiation on BMSC.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute radiation syndrome: Innovative medical approaches in military medicine

After a radiological or nuclear event, acute radiation syndrome(ARS) will present complex medical challenges that could involve the treatment of hundreds to thousands of patients. Current medical doctrine is based on limited clinical data and remains inadequate. Efforts to develop medical innovations that address ARS complications are unlikely to be generated by the industry because of market uncertainties specific to this type of injury. A prospective strategy could be the integration of cellular therapy to meet the medical demands of ARS. The most clinically advanced cellular therapy to date is the administration of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs). Results of currently published investigations describing MSC safety and efficacy in a variety of injury and disease models demonstrate the unique qualities of this reparative cell population in adapting to the specific requirements of the damaged tissue in which the cells integrate. This report puts forward a rationale for the further evaluation of MSC therapy to address the current unmet medical needs of ARS. We propose that the exploration of this novel therapy for the treatment of the multivariate complications of ARS could be of invaluable benefit to military medicine.

Study on Oxygen Supply and Protection of Bone Marrow in Acute Radiation injured Mice

After irradiated by & Gy 60Co γ-ray, mice were intraperitoneally injected immediately with 0.2 ml 100 % compound blood-activating soup twice a day for 10 days. The in situ ulnar bone marrow partial pressure of oxygen (PbO2) was determined in vivo before, during and after irradiation respectively. The bone marrow sections in the same part were observed. Our results showed that the normal murine ulnar PbO2 was 12.72±1. 05kpa. During irradiation, the level of PbO2 decreased to 10. 78±1. 17 kpa (P＜0. 001). And 3 days after irradiation, PbO2 decreased to 9. 75±0. 52 kpa, suggesting that the commonly used 'blood-activating and stasis-eliminating' Chinese drugs could promote the rehabilitation and proliferation of bone marrow microvessels in the acute radiation injured mice, expand their areas, increase the oxygen supply of bone marrow microenviroment, thereby leading to PbO2 much higher increase than that of control group. It is also helpful in the proliferation and rehabilitation of hematopoietic cells.

Study on the Protective Effects of Compound Blood-activating Soup on Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Cells in Acute Radiation Injured Mice

After irradiation with 8 Gy 60Coγ-ray,mice were immediaterly given intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg 100 % compound blood-activating soup twice a day. On the 3rd and 7th day, the P53 gene expression of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in Chinese drug group was found to be higher than that in normal group, and it was also significantly higher than that in control group. The expression level of GADD153 gene which was not expressed in normal group was much lower in Chinese drug group than that in control group. On the 7th day after irradiation, the P53 and GADD153 gene expression levels of splenic mononuclear cells were consistent with those of bone marrow hematopoietic cells both in Chinese drug group and control group. On the 3rd and 7th day, the bone marrow hematopoietic tissue volume in Chinese drug group was higher than that in control group, with no difference found between the two groups. While on the 14th day, the difference became significant (P＜0. 01). The results showed that commonly used blood-activating and stasis-eliminating drugs may strengthen .the viability of hematopoietic cells and promote the rehabilitation of hematopoiesis by inducing wt-P53 expression to block the bone marrow hematopoietic cells in G1 phase, during which DNA could be repaired.

Computer-assisted formulas predicting cancer mortality risk after exposure to acute low dose ionizing radiation in humans

A clear relationship between dose of radiation and mortality in humans is still not known because of lack of human data that would enable to determine human tolerance in total body irradiation. Human data for analysis have been primarily from radiation accidents, radiotherapy and the atomic bomb victims. A general formula that predicts mortality probability as a function of dose rate and duration of exposure to acute high dose ionizing radiation in humans was published by the author, applying the “probacent” model to the reported data on animal-model-predicted dose versus mortality. In this study, the “probacent” model is applied to the data on dose versus cancer mortality risk, published by the United Nations (UNSCEAR, 2010) and other investigators to construct general formulas expressing a relationship between dose and solid cancer or leukemia mortality probability after exposure to acute low dose ionizing radiation in humans. There is a remarkable agreement between formula-derived and published values of dose and solid cancer or leukemia mortality probability (p > 0.99). The general formula might be helpful in preventing radiation hazard and injury in acute low dose ionizing radiation, and for safety in radiotherapy.

Potential for a pluripotent adult stem cell treatment for acute radiation sickness

Accidental radiation exposure and the threat of deliberate radiation exposure have been in the news and are a public health concern. Experience with acute radiation sickness has been gathered from atomic blast survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and from civilian nuclear accidents as well as experience gained during the development of radiation therapy for cancer. This paper reviews the medical treatment reports relevant to acute radiation sickness among the survivors of atomic weapons at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, among the victims of Chernobyl, and the two cases described so far from the Fukushima Dai-Ichi disaster. The data supporting the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the new efforts to expand stem cell populations ex vivo for infusion to treat bone marrow failure are reviewed. Hematopoietic stem cells derived from bone marrow or blood have a broad ability to repair and replace radiation induced damaged blood and immune cell production and may promote blood vessel formation and tissue repair. Additionally, a constituent of bone marrow-derived, adult pluripotent stem cells, very small embryonic like stem cells, are highly resistant to ioniz-ing radiation and appear capable of regenerating radiation damaged tissue including skin, gut and lung.

GSN antibody pretreatment aggravates radiation-induced lung injury in mice

Radiation-induced lung injury is one of the main dose limiting factors for thoracic radiation therapy.Gelsolin(GSN) is a widespread,multifunctional regulator of cellular structure and metabolism.In this work,the roles of GSN in radiation-induced lung injury in Balb/c mice were studied.The GSN levels in plasma reduced progressively in 72 hours after irradiation,and then increased gradually.GSN contents in the bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) fluid increased after thoracic irradiation,whereas mRNA levels of GSN in the lung tissue decreased significantly within 24 hours after irradiation and then increased again.Mice were intravenously injected with 50 ug GSN antibody 0.5 hour before 20 Gy of thoracic irradiation.GSN antibody pretreatment increased lung inflammation,protein concentration in the BAL fluid and leukocytes infiltration in the irradiated mice.The activities of superoxidase dismutase(SOD) in the plasma and the BAL fluid in irradiated mice injected with GSN antibody were less than that of control groups,whereas the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA)increased.These results suggest that pretreatment of GSN antibody may aggravate radiation-induced pneumonitis.

氨磷汀通过调节肠道菌群对急性辐射损伤的防护作用机制

目的探究氨磷汀对急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用机制。方法30只C57BL/6J小鼠随机分成正常对照组、模型组和氨磷汀组(150 mg/kg),每组10只。照射前30 min氨磷汀组小鼠腹腔注射氨磷汀,正常对照组和模型组小鼠腹腔注射等体积生理盐水,然后模型组和氨磷汀组小鼠予4 Gy X射线一次性全身照射致急性辐射损伤。检测照射前2 h和照射后第1、4、7、10、14天小鼠外周血中白细胞、血小板和红细胞计数,分析照射后第7天各类白细胞(中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞)的比例变化;采用16S rRNA扩增子测序技术分析照射后第7天小鼠粪便中肠道菌群结构,并与各类白细胞进行相关性分析。结果氨磷汀组小鼠白细胞计数在照射后第1、4、7、10天,血小板计数在照射后第10天,红细胞计数在照射后第1天均显著高于模型组(P<0.05)。与正常对照组比较,模型组小鼠肠道菌群β多样性发生改变,厚壁菌门相对丰度升高,拟杆菌门相对丰度降低;氨磷汀逆转了上述肠道菌群β多样性以及拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门相对丰度的变化。模型组有异芽孢杆菌属、丹毒丝菌纲、丹毒丝菌目和丹毒丝菌科4个差异性物种,其丰度与外周血淋巴细胞比例呈显著负相关(P<0.01),氨磷汀组有小鼠乳杆菌和卷曲乳杆菌2个差异性物种,其丰度与中性粒细胞比例呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论氨磷汀可通过维持肠道微生物菌群平衡来减轻辐射造成的急性损伤。

Estimation of radiation-induced health hazards from a“dirty bomb”attack with radiocesium under different assault and rescue conditions

In the case of a terrorist attack by a“dirty bomb”,blast injuries,external irradiation and the incorporation of radioactivity are to be expected.Departing from information about the radiological attack scenario with cesium-137 in the U.S.National Scenario Planning Guide,we estimated the radiological doses absorbed.Similar calculations were performed for a smaller plume size and a detonation in a subway.For conditions as described in the U.S.scenario,the committed effective dose amounted to a maximum of 848 mSv,even for very unfavorable conditions.Red bone marrow equivalent doses are insufcient to induce acute radiation sickness(ARS).In the case of a smaller plume size,the ARS threshold may be exceeded in some cases.In a subway bombing,doses are much higher and the occurrence of ARS should be expected.The health hazards from a dirty bomb attack will depend on the location and the explosive device.The derived Haddon matrix indicates that preparing for such an event includes education of all the medical staff about radiation effects,the time lines of radiation damages and the treatment priorities.Further determinants of the outcome include rapid evacuation even from difficult locations,the availability of a specific triage tool to rapidly identify victims at risk for ARS,the availability of an antidote stockpile and dedicated hospital beds to treat seriously irradiated victims.

乳腺癌保乳术后大分割放疗致急性放射性皮肤损伤的影响因素分析及风险预测模型构建

目的分析乳腺癌保乳术后大分割放疗致急性放射性皮肤损伤的影响因素,并构建其风险预测模型。方法选择2020年10月至2022年9月于唐山市人民医院接受保乳切除术的170例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,将170例患者按7∶3分为模型组(119例)和验证组(51例)。根据急性放射性皮肤损伤发生情况,将模型组患者进一步分为损伤组(89例)和无损伤组(30例)。比较损伤组和无损伤组的临床资料,采用多因素logistic回归分析其危险因素,并构建列线图风险预测模型。结果多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,体质量指数(BMI)≥28 kg/m^(2),有糖尿病史,肿瘤T分期为T 2期,三阴性乳腺癌,放疗形式为序贯瘤床电子线补量放疗,以及较高的CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞凋亡率及血红蛋白(Hb)水平是患者发生急性放射性皮肤损伤的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。根据这些指标构建列线图风险预测模型。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,对于模型组,该模型预测急性放射性皮肤损伤发生风险的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.942(95%CI:0.890~0.974),灵敏度为97.14%,特异度为86.24%;对于验证组,该模型预测急性放射性皮肤损伤发生风险的AUC为0.926(95%CI:0.880~0.966),灵敏度为86.36%,特异度为90.40%。结论BMI、糖尿病史、肿瘤T分期、三阴性乳腺癌、放疗形式、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞凋亡率及Hb水平均是乳腺癌保乳术后大分割放疗致急性放射性皮肤损伤的影响因素,以此为基础构建的列线图风险预测模型具有较好的临床应用价值。

预防性使用维生素C可通过调节巨噬细胞极化和肺泡上皮细胞凋亡缓解放射性肺损伤

随着新冠肺炎在我国的持续流行和放射疗法普遍开展,放射性肺损伤(RILI)也逐渐成为了一个备受关注的临床问题。放射性肺损伤的发病机制十分复杂,该过程涉及到肺泡巨噬细胞极化状态的失衡以及肺泡上皮细胞凋亡水平的上调。既往的研究表明,维生素C是重要的抗氧化物质,预防性使用维生素C可有效治疗急性肺损伤。然而,预防性使用维生素C是否可有效预防或治疗放射性物质导致的肺损伤,以及其具体分子机制尚待研究。该研究旨在探讨预防性使用维生素C处理肺泡巨噬细胞系RAW 264.7,以及人肺上皮细胞BEAS-2B是否能有效控制巨噬细胞的异常极化及其肺上皮细胞的异常凋亡,并研究该过程中的分子机制。本研究发现,放射性X线照射4周、8周后,巨噬细胞M1极化状态标志物例如iNOS会发生显著的表达上调(P<0.05),预防性使用维生素C处理巨噬细胞以及肺上皮细胞,能缓解放射性外照射导致的巨噬细胞极化状态紊乱以及肺泡上皮细胞凋亡,具体表现为切割胱天蛋白酶(cleaved caspase3)水平的表达下调。此外,预防性应用维生素C处理能抑制放射性外照射激活的MAPK信号通路。进一步的研究结果表明,对MAPK通路的抑制作用是抑制巨噬细胞M1极化以及肺上皮细胞凋亡的关键。总之,我们的研究结果提示,维生素C能通过抑制巨噬细胞M1极化/促进巨噬细胞M2极化以及缓解肺泡上皮细胞凋亡而发挥急性放射性肺损伤的保护作用。该研究将更深入地认识维生素C对放射性肺损伤预防作用的过程与机制。

百合地黄汤辅助治疗肺癌急性放射性肺损伤的临床观察

目的 观察百合地黄汤辅助治疗肺癌急性放射性肺损伤(RILI)的效果及对血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和肺功能的影响。方法 肺癌急性RILI患者102例随机分为两组各51例。对照组予西医常规治疗,观察组予百合地黄汤辅助西医常规治疗,两组疗程均为2周。观察两组临床疗效、中医证候积分、肺功能指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼吸容积(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC]、血清CRP、TGF-β1、TNF-α水平。结果 观察组临床总有效率为94.12%,高于对照组的80.39%(P <0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗第3、7、14日的咳嗽、气促、咯痰、乏力、胸痛中医证候评分较低(P <0.05)。两组治疗后血清TNF-α、CRP、TGF-β1水平明显下降(P <0.05),且观察组更低(P <0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后FVC、FEV1、FEV1/FVC水平明显上升(P <0.05),且观察组更高(P <0.05)。结论 百合地黄汤辅助治疗肺癌急性RILI临床效果显著,可明显降低患者中医证候积分,降低患者血清CRP、TGF-β1水平,改善肺功能。

经皮穴位电刺激联合皮内针预防急性中重度放射性肺炎的临床研究

目的:观察经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS)联合皮内针(IN)对急性中重度急性放射性肺炎(AMTSRP)的预防作用。方法:选取2020年11月至2021年11月在天津市肿瘤医院空港医院放疗科门诊和住院部接受放射治疗的84例肺癌患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将受试者分为观察组和对照组,每组42例。观察组采用TEAS联合IN进行治疗,1次/d,共30次。对照组不采用干预治疗。观察患者放疗1月后中AMTSRP的发生率、级别、中医临床症状评分、生命质量量表-C30(QLQ-C30)评分、QLQ-LC43评分、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)评分、卡诺夫斯凯(KPS)评分、肿瘤患者体能状态(ZPS)评分及简明疲劳量表(BFI)评分。结果:观察组和对照组中AMTSRP的发生率分为7.5%和32.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);除QLQ-LC43差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余评分差异都有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:TEAS联合IN可以降低肺癌患者AMTSRP的发生率和级别,减轻临床症状,提高生命质量,改善体能状态和疲劳情况,且能缓解心理焦虑和抑郁的情绪。

黄芪对急性辐射损伤小鼠预防作用的研究

目的研究黄芪对急性辐射损伤小鼠免疫器官损伤及外周血细胞减少预防作用的研究。方法将30只SPF级雄性Balb/c小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、黄芪组(6.5 mL·kg^(-1)),每组10只。正常组和模型组小鼠每天灌胃生理盐水,黄芪组小鼠每天灌胃浓缩的黄芪水煎液,1次/天,持续14 d。第15天,除正常组外,其余各组小鼠均给予5Gy X射线一次性全身照射,建立急性辐射损伤模型。照射后第8天,处死小鼠取材,进行各项指标的检测,包括脾脏和胸腺指数、脾脏病理切片、红细胞计数、白细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、血小板计数。结果照射后第8天,与正常组相比,模型组小鼠外周血白细胞计数、红细胞计数及血红蛋白浓度及血小板计数、胸腺和脾脏指数均明显降低,脾脏红、白髓界限不清;与模型组相比,黄芪组小鼠外周血白细胞计数、红细胞计数及血红蛋白浓度均显著升高,血小板计数、脾脏和胸腺指数未见明显升高,脾脏红、白髓分界尚可。结论5Gy X射线致Balb/c雄性小鼠的免疫器官损伤及外周血细胞减少,黄芪对急性辐射损伤小鼠具有一定的预防作用。

康复新联合赛肤润治疗大鼠急性放射性皮肤损伤效果观察

目的观察康复新联合赛肤润治疗大鼠急性放射性皮肤损伤的疗效。方法取40只SD大鼠,用放射性核素32 P敷贴固定于大鼠背部皮肤以制备急性放射性皮肤损伤模型。建模后,将大鼠随机分为模型组、康复新组、赛肤润组、康复新联合赛肤润组(联合组),各10只。模型组用生理盐水擦拭皮损处;康复新组用康复新涂抹皮损处;赛肤润组用赛肤润喷涂皮损处;联合组先涂抹康复新液,待干后喷涂赛肤润,2次/d。各组均在8:00及16:00固定时间涂抹药液。观察创面局部变化及愈合时间。治疗第2周、4周、8周时取皮损创面组织进行苏木精-伊红染色和Masson染色。结果与模型组比较,康复新组、赛肤润组、联合组的愈合时间显著缩短(均P<0.05);联合组的愈合时间显著短于康复新组及赛肤润组(均P<0.05);组织病理学检测结果显示,联合组创面组织炎性细胞浸润、水肿程度显著低于其他组,新生毛细血管数量及胶原纤维含量显著高于其他组,胶原纤维排列更整齐,表皮结构更加完整。与模型组比较,治疗第2周、4周、8周时康复新组、赛肤润组、联合组的胶原纤维含量较高(均P<0.05);与康复新组、赛肤润组相比,联合组的胶原纤维含量较高(均P<0.05)。结论康复新联合赛肤润能够减轻放射性皮肤损伤创面早期炎症反应,促进创面血管新生与胶原纤维形成,缩短创面愈合时间,加快创面修复。

吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶1对急性放射性肠道损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶1(IDO1)对急性放射性肠道损伤的作用。方法:使用TCGA和GTEX数据集中结肠癌、直肠癌组织和正常对照组织的测序结果,分析IDO1基因在肠癌组织及正常肠道组织中的表达情况。使用CRISPR/Cas9技术敲除鼠正常肠上皮IEC-6细胞中IDO1基因的部分第2、3外显子序列,建立鼠IEC-6的IDO1 KO(IDO1^(-/-))细胞系,并给予两个细胞系(野生型和IDO1^(-/-))放射处理。C57BL/6野生型小鼠和IDO1基因敲除(IDO1^(-/-))小鼠也给予腹部X射线照射以建立细胞和动物急性放射性肠道损伤模型。使用蛋白质印记法(Western blot)检测野生型和IDO1^(-/-)的IEC-6细胞及小鼠肠道组织中上皮紧密连接蛋白在放射前、后的蛋白表达水平。结果:Western blot证实IDO1在鼠IEC-6细胞、肠道组织中均有表达。对TCGA和GTEX数据集分析后也同样看到IDO1基因在结肠癌、直肠癌、正常肠道组织中均有表达,但癌组织中IDO1水平较正常肠道组织高(P<0.05)。体内外的放射照射后,IDO1、Claudin 1、Occludin、ZO-1等出现明显变化:与放射前比,放射后的细胞和小鼠组织中的IDO1的表达水平升高(P<0.05),而紧密连接蛋白Claudin 1、Occludin、ZO-1则下降(P<0.05);与野生型IEC-6细胞和小鼠相比,在IDO1^(-/-)IEC-6细胞和小鼠肠组织中,Claudin 1、Occludin、ZO-1下降更显著(P<0.05)。结论:IDO1在急性放射性肠道损伤中起保护作用,其保护作用可能是通过保护肠上皮细胞间紧密连接功能而实现的。

川芎嗪对急性放射损伤小鼠早期骨髓微血管系统的影响

对全身亚致死量^(60)Co 照射后的小鼠立即腹腔注射磷酸川芎嗪注射液250mg/kg,每天2次,连续7天,观察尺骨骨髓切片。第5天,川芎嗪组骨髓微血管数较对照组明显增多,第7天,对照组已降到正常值,而川芎嗪组仍持续增多,而且微血管面积明显扩张。应用川芎嗪7天内尺骨骨髓造血组织容量百分率与对照组比较,无明显差异;但照射后第7天,川芎嗪组外周血中性粒细胞比率有所上升。上述结果提示,在急性放射损伤后早期应用川芎嗪能促进和改善骨髓的血流供应,可能有助于骨髓造血的恢复。