Fracture of Limbs Bones in a Town in Post Conflict (Case of Bukavu Town)

Background: Rapid urbanization and increasing fleet in low-income countries are the basis of the higher rate of trauma and fractures. In a post conflict environment, the abnormal movement of firearms and poverty from them may change the configuration’s epidemiological, anatomical and clinical fractures of the limbs bones as well as their care. Goal: To make an inventory on the fractures of the limb bones in Bukavu town, a town in post armed conflict. Method: This work is transversal, retrospective and descriptive on 500 fractures of the limbs bones recorded on a period of 3 months from 1st June to 31st August 2013. Twenty investigators went around different places of Bukavu town to interview and complete a research protocol ad hoc. In total, we recorded 500 subjects with 570 fractures of the limb bones. Results: The average age is 29.4 years old and 37% are male fractured. The main circumstances of occurrence of the fracture of the limbs bones are the falls (31.7%), firearms (22.2%) followed closely by road traffic accidents (21.9%). Students (38.6%) and the unemployed (29.4%) are most victims’ fractures of limb bones. The forearm bones (31.7%) and leg bones (27.2%) are most concerned, 52.2% fractured turned to modern medicine against 41.8% for traditional medicine. Conclusion: The fractures of the limbs bones in Bukavu mainly concern young male subjects. They occur with the waning of a fall and preferentially affect the bones of the forearm. Good governance would reduce the incidence of fractures of the limbs bones and their assessment.

Epidemiological and Clinical Pattern of Open Fractures of Long Bones of the Lower Limbs in the South-West Region of Cameroon: A 5-Year Review

Background: An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematoma communicates with the external environment. It is associated with significant morbidity and disability and is a challenge to the surgical team. The lower extremities are the most often exposed to traumatic injuries compared to other anatomical parts of the body. Patterns of open fractures differ with different mechanisms of injury and the segment of the long bone affected. The correct and timely management of open fractures is beneficial to the patients and leads to a more favorable outcome. This study aimed at describing the pattern of open fractures of long bones of the lower limb treated in 3 major hospitals of the south west region, Cameroon. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective review of files of patients with open fractures of long bones of the lower limb managed at the surgical units of three secondary health facilities in the South-West region of Cameroon from the 1st of January 2015 to the 31st of December 2019. The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded. The data was stored and analyzed using Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS version 23.0 respectively. Results: A total of 195 files of patients aged 8 to 80 years were studied. The main age group affected was between 20 - 40 years. There were 147 (75.4%) males and 48 (24.6%) females giving a sex-ratio of 3.1:1. The most common cause was road traffic crashes 142 (72.8%). In 98 cases (50.3%), the left side was more involved. The tibia was the most common long bone affected in 75 (38.5%) cases. Comminuted fracture was the most common fracture pattern encountered in 126 cases (64.6%). A total of 76 (39%) fractures were graded Gustilo-Anderson IIIA. External fixator was used in 112 cases (57.1%) and internal fixator in 86 cases (42.9%). We recorded 127 (65.1%) cases of wound infection and 143 (73.3%) cases of limb shortening as the most common complications. Other complications include: 20 cases (17.1%) of mal-union, 27 cases (22.5%) of delayed union, 18 cases (15.1%) of non-union and 50 cases (38.5%) chronic osteomyelitis. We recorded a mortality of 2.1%. Gustilo IIIB and IIIC were associated to chronic osteomyelitis (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Open fractures of long bones of the lower limb affect the active age group of the population and road traffic crashes are the most common causes. It tends to affect the left side and the tibia being the most fractured long bone. A reasonable proportion of these fractures subsequently get infected. Comminuted fracture is the common fracture pattern.

Effects of Hip Arthroplasties on Bone Adaptation in Lower Limbs: A Computational Study

Gait disorders contribute to the risk of falls and successive injuries, especially to elderly populations. The risk of falls becomes higher for hip osteoarthritis (OA) and hip arthroplasties patients due to poor balancing and gait impairment. Bone adaptation and bone loss are fundamental issues in considering the changes of bone behavior and gait pattern. In this study, computational analysis of the lower limbs was conducted to estimate the bone adaptation after hip arthroplasties procedure. 3D inhomogeneous model of lower limb was developed from computed topography (CT- based) data of 79 years old patient with hip osteoarthritis problem in left limb. Two types of arthroplaties were constructed in the left limb, namely total hip arthroplasty and resurfacing hip arthroplasty using commercial biomedical software, Mechanical Finder v6.1. Prosthesis stem and acetabular cup of THA were modelled as titanium alloy material (E = 114 GPa, v = 0.34), femoral ball and bearing insert as alumina properties (E = 370 GPa, v = 0.22). Meanwhile, RHA implant was assigned as Co-Cr-Mo material (E = 230 GPa, v = 0.30). Contact between both implants and bone were considered to be perfectly bonded at the interface. A load case of quiet standing position was conducted in this analysis with 60 kg of the patients’ body weight. The load was applied at the cross sectional lumbar vertebra and fixed at the distal of femoral shafts. Results show different patterns of stress distribution in right and left (operated) limbs for hip OA, THA and RHA models. An indication of stress alteration on both limbs after arthroplasties suggested that the bone adaptation occurred. The higher percentage of change in the left limb projected that the adaptation was more critical in operated limb.

UNAMPUTATED TREATMENT FOR MALIGNANT BONE TUMOR AT LIMBS WITH INTERNAL RESECTION，CURETTAGE AND DEACTIVATION

A new operating programme was designed by us, based on keeping the whole limb in 1988. A successful operation on one patient with this new method was achieved on Dec. 17 in the same year at the First Teaching Hospital, Xi'an Medical Nniversity. Firstly, the internal tumor tissue was resected and curstted thoroughly, and the osseous shell was kept to attach to the normal bone tissue. Then, a plastic bag was used to encase the osseous shell in, deactivation was done with 95 per cent alcohol. the remainder osseous shell was used as a support, a pulp canal steel needle was inserted into it, and the bone cement was filled up in. In this way, a ' prosthesis' in pulp canal was formed, which was not only firm, reliable, less expensive convenient for drawing material, and satisfactory for achieving the goal of treating the tumor and keeping the limb, but also easy to move for the patient and to recover the function of the limb rapidly after operation because of not amputating the normal bone tissue and partly keeping the continuity of it. Now 25 cases have been treated with this new method, and in 90 per cent patients, the limbs have been preserved.

The effectiveness of the mononuclear fraction of autologous bone marrow in the treatment of experimental chronic limb ischemia

Objective To study of the effectiveness of using autologous mononuclear fraction of bone marrow for the treatment of chronic limb ischemia. Methods Results of autologous mononuclear fraction of bone marrow in 90 laboratory Wistar rats on a background of creating chronic limb ischemia was presented. Sampling was carried out from the bone marrow of the femur of the animal. The mononuclear fraction of bone marrow autologous 4 × 106 cells in a volume of 200 microliter were injected into the ischemic limb of the two points,in each of which 100 microliter:(1)Paravessel directly below the inguinal ligament at the level of the sacroiliac joint in the area of the anatomical location of collaterals in the projection of the internal iliac artery and its branches;(2)Intramuscularly in gastrocnemius muscle anterior-lateral surface of the middle third of the leg. Results In the experimental group of rats treated with autologous mononuclear fraction of bone marrow,the level of microcirculation compared with the intact group of animals on day 21 was higher than 6. 1% by day 28% ~ 31. 2%; compared with the control group-day 10 increased by 111% at day 21,85. 7% on day 28% ~ 97%. Conclusion Proposed method of treating pathogenically justified and can be recommended for use in clinical practice in the treatment of patients with chronic obliterating diseases of lower limb arteries.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells, Fetal Limb and Bone Marrow Share a Common Phenotype but Are Transcriptionally and Biologically Different

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be obtained from several sources and the significant differences in their properties make it crucial to investigate the differentiation potential of MSCs from different sources to determine the optimal source of MSCs. We investigated if this biological heterogeneity in MSCs from different sources results in different mechanisms for their differentiation. In this study, we compared the gene expression patterns of phenotypically defined MSCs derived from three ontogenically different sources: Embryonic stem cells (hES-MSCs), Fetal limb (Flb-MSCs) and Bone Marrow (BM-MSCs). Differentially expressed genes between differentiated cells and undifferentiated controls were compared across the three MSC sources. We found minimal overlap (5% - 16%) in differentially expressed gene sets among the three sources. Flb-MSCs were similar to BM-MSCs based on differential gene expression patterns. Pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed a large variation in the canonical pathways leading to MSC differentiation. The similar canonical pathways among the three sources were lineage specific. The Flb-MSCs showed maximum overlap of canonical pathways with the BM-MSCs, indicating that the Flb-MSCs are an intermediate source between the less specialised hES-MSC source and the more specialised BM-MSC source. The source specific pathways prove that MSCs from the three ontogenically different sources use different biological pathways to obtain similar differentiation outcomes. Thus our study advocates the understanding of biological pathways to obtain optimal sources of MSCs for various clinical applications.

Use of FK506 and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for rat hind limb allografts

Dark Agouti rat donor hind limbs were orthotopically transplanted into Lewis rat recipients to verify the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on neural regeneration and functional recovery of allotransplanted limbs in the microenvironment of immunotolerance, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were intramuscularly （gluteus maximus） injected with FK506 （tacrolimus） daily, and were transplanted to the injured nerves. Results indicated that the allograft group not receiving therapy showed severe rejection, with transplanted limbs detaching at 10 days after transplantation with complete necrosis. The number of myelinated axons and Schwann cells in the FK506 and FK506 ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells groups were significantly increased. We observed a lesser degree of gastrocnemius muscle degeneration, and increased polymorphic fibers along with other pathological changes in the FK506 ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group. The FK506 ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group showed significantly better recovery than the autograft and FK506 groups. The results demonstrated that FK506 improved the immune microenvironment. FK506 combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells significantly promoted sciatic nerve regeneration, and improved sensory recovery and motor function in hind limb allotransplant.

Anybody仿真太极不同步法时股骨及下肢骨主要关节的应力特征

背景:Anybody骨肌建模系统,使用数学建模技术模拟人体骨骼、肌肉和环境的关系,可对人体的逆向动力学进行研究,得出下肢关节力等指标。目的:分析练习太极拳动作时下肢骨主要关节的应力分布规律,为其科学训练和锻炼价值提供依据。方法:在北京体育大学武术学院选取8名太极拳健将级运动员进行7组步法动作和右腿股骨CT的数据采集。使用BTS红外捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台采集太极(八法五步)7组步法动作的运动和力学数据,利用Anybody 7.2骨肌模型的多体动力学仿真技术计算下肢关节动力学参数,结合Workbench 19.2对股骨进行应力计算分析。结果与结论:①利用Workbench软件分析得出了7组步法动作的股骨应力结果,7组动作的应力峰值由大至小顺序是:退步捋势(22.00 MPa)、退步採势(19.379 MPa)、左右移步挤按(9.35 MPa)、左右移步肘靠(6.30 MPa)、进步掤势(4.68 MPa)、进步挒势(2.57 MPa)、中定独立势(0.31 MPa)。②在7组步法动作中2种向后退步动作股骨应力最大(P<0.05),且在7组动作运动过程中的股骨最大应力位置均不同。③上述结果证实,在太极(八法五步)7种步法动作练习时,股骨应力阈值和最大应力位置会随着5种方向(7组动作)运动不同而变化,通过连续训练能够全面地刺激股骨体,进步动作对于股骨体正面和外侧上端影响较大,退步动作对股骨体后面和内侧影响较大,左右横向步法动作主要是股骨体两侧对称受力。④初学者要根据不同步法动作的受力特点来进行针对训练,进步动作和退步动作训练时要注重太极拳的旋转用力以及左右横移步法动作训练时的内侧对抗用力,根据自身薄弱问题,对太极拳训练步法有所侧重,进而达到更好的锻炼效果。

Virtual Reconstruction of Long Bone Fracture in Car-to-pedestrian Collisions Using Multi-body System and Finite Element Method

Lower limb injures are frequently observed in passenger car traffic accidents.Previous studies of the injuries focus on long bone fractures by using either cadaver component tests or simulations of the long bone kinematics,which lack in-depth study on the fractures in stress analysis.This paper aims to investigate lower limb impact biomechanics in real-world car to pedestrian accidents and to predict fractures of long bones in term of stress parameter for femur,tibia,and fibula.For the above purposes,a 3D finite element(FE) model of human body lower limb(HBM-LL) is developed based on human anatomy.The model consists of the pelvis,femur,tibia,fibula,patella,foot bones,primary tendons,knee joint capsule,meniscus,and ligaments.The FE model is validated by comparing the results from a lateral impact between simulations and tests with cadaver lower limb specimens.Two real-world accidents are selected from an in-depth accident database with detailed information about the accident scene,car impact speed,damage to the car,and pedestrian injuries.Multi-body system(MBS) models are used to reconstruct the kinematics of the pedestrians in the two accidents and the impact conditions are calculated for initial impact velocity and orientations of the car and pedestrian during the collision.The FE model is used to perform injury reconstructions and predict the fractures by using physical parameters,such as von Mises stress of long bones.The calculated failure level of the long bones is correlated with the injury outcomes observed from the two accident cases.The reconstruction result shows that the HBM-LL FE model has acceptable biofidelity and can be applied to predict the risk of long bone fractures.This study provides an efficient methodology to investigate the long bone fracture suffered from vehicle traffic collisions.

Investigation of Bone Ratios for Prenatal Fetal Assessment in Taiwan Residents Population

The purpose of this study is to calculate the ratios of fetal limb bone to nasal bone length (NBL) obtained by transabdominal ultrasound between 19 and 28 weeks of gestation. Cross-sectional data were obtained from 1408 women with singleton pregnancies who underwent an advanced prenatal ultrasound examination from August 2006 to September 2008. The single measurement plane of fetal limb bones was on the longest section of each structure with appropriate image magnification. To assess repeatability of the intraobserver, two repeated measurements were obtained in 44 fetuses. The ratio of fetuses with biparietal diameter (BPD)/NBL was compared with those of fetal limb bones/NBL. The mean ratio was found between fetal NBL measurements and BPD (7.240), humerus length (HL) (4.807), radius length (RL) (4.157), ulna length (UL) (4.502), femur length (FL) (5.131), tibia length (TL) (4.528), and fibula length (FiL) (4.507). The reference ranges of fetal long bone length/NBL ratios for the second trimester was established by transabdominal sonography. There were no significant increases in these ratios with gestational age, especially the HL/NBL ratio.

载抗生素骨水泥治疗糖尿病足坏死性筋膜炎致小腿筋膜室综合征

背景:目前坏死性筋膜炎的治疗方法大多是充分彻底清创后使用负压封闭吸引,该方法需要反复多次清创才能彻底清除坏死感染组织,给患者造成严重的身体负担和经济负担。目的:介绍一种临床少见的病例——糖尿病足坏死性筋膜炎导致的小腿筋膜室综合征,总结使用载抗生素骨水泥进行治疗与综合管理的临床经验。方法:选择2017年8月至2020年8月苏州大学附属无锡九院收治的糖尿病性坏死性筋膜炎导致的小腿筋膜室综合征患者6例,男5例,女1例,平均年龄54岁,围术期整体把控患者全身情况并进行全身营养支撑治疗,所有患者均一期行彻底清创+载抗生素骨水泥填塞+负压封闭引流以控制感染、二期取出骨水泥并行创面修复治疗。出院后随访时观察患者创面愈合情况及有无红肿渗液发生。结果与结论:①4例患者经过2次载抗生素骨水泥填塞后创面新鲜,诱导膜形成良好,1例经过3次抗生素骨水泥填塞后诱导膜形成良好,这5例患者二期经过植皮手术后创面均愈合良好;1例患者急诊手术时因术中血压难以维持且小腿4个间室均出现感染,急诊行膝上截肢,同时残端创面放置载抗生素骨水泥,二期骨水泥取出后创面直接闭合,创面一期愈合;②6例患者出院后随访6-24个月,末次随访时,6例患者创面均愈合良好、无红肿渗液等症状,患者生活质量明显改善,均对疗效表示满意;③对于临床高度怀疑糖尿病足坏死性筋膜炎时应警惕小腿筋膜室综合征的发生,早期诊断、及时切开减压至关重要,应用载抗生素骨水泥治疗糖尿病性坏死性筋膜炎导致的小腿筋膜室综合征短期疗效较好。

下肢骨搬运治疗患者参与自身健康照护体验与需求的质性研究

目的了解下肢骨搬运治疗患者参与自身健康照护过程中的体验与需求,为制订基于患者诉求的健康照护参与方案提供参考。方法2023年2-3月,采用描述性现象学研究方法,对在广东省某三级甲等医院创伤骨科行下肢骨搬运术治疗的12例患者进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析。结果共提炼归纳出参与态度差异化(主动参与、被动接受)、参与过程存在障碍(角色思维固化、疾病负担制约、信息困境感知、医疗环境限制)、呈现多维度的参与需求(信息支持需求、情感支持需求、过渡期护理需求)3个主题。结论下肢骨搬运治疗患者参与自身健康照护过程中尚存在较多问题,医护人员应帮助其纠正角色认知偏差,提高其自我倡权意识和参与能力,关注其参与过程的障碍因素,优化多元支持系统,以促进患者围术期和过渡期自身健康照护的有效参与。

经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗四肢骨折的并发症发生率及临床效果分析

目的探究为四肢骨折患者提供经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗的并发症发生率及临床效果。方法选取2021年5月—2023年5月山东省寿光市人民医院收治的106例四肢骨折患者为研究对象,按随机数表法分为两组。对照组(53例)施以切开复位内固定治疗,研究组(53例)施以经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗,比较两组的治疗效果。结果研究组的治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的临床相关指标均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗前两组骨代谢指标相近,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗后,研究组的骨钙素、骨保护素水平高于对照组,胶原C端肽水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组的并发症总发生率(5.66%)低于对照组(18.87%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.296,P<0.05)。结论经皮微创接骨板内固定术治疗四肢骨折的效果确切,可缩短术后恢复时间,减少并发症,安全性高。

益气活血汤联合艾灸治疗四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证疗效研究

目的:探讨益气活血汤联合艾灸对四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证患者的影响。方法:选取四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组60例,均连续治疗14 d。对照组接受常规康复治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合益气活血汤和艾灸治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后的中医证候积分、患肢功能恢复情况、患肢肿胀度、骨代谢状态、凝血功能及并发症发生率。结果:治疗后,观察组患者中医证候评分各项数值低于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组患者四肢功能恢复理想率高于对照组,观察组活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组骨碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶水平高于对照组,而Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后相关并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:益气活血汤联合艾灸治疗四肢骨折术后气虚血瘀证可有效改善患肢功能恢复状况,加速抗凝血作用,促进术后患者恢复,减少相关并发症发生。

整复手法对骶髂关节错位骨盆及下肢生物力学的影响

目的:观察骶髂关节错位患者在整复手法复位后腰背肌肌张力和对称性,骨盆、下肢生物力学的变化。方法:选取2022年5月至2023年3月期间就诊于福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院的骶髂关节错位患者120例,先理筋手法,再行整复手法,前错位60例,采用屈髋屈膝复位法,后错位60例,采用后伸扳法,隔日治疗1次,共治疗7次。对比治疗前后VAS评分、后表链肌张力K值、后表链肌张力对称值、骨盆倾斜、扭转、水平旋转情况,以及下肢支撑相、摆动相、足偏角的变化。结果:治疗后,骶髂关节前、后错位患者的VAS评分,后表链肌张力系数K值、肌张力对称性差值均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);治疗后,骶髂关节前、后错位患者的骨盆的倾斜、扭转、水平旋转角度均较治疗前减小(P<0.05);治疗后,骶髂关节前、后错位患者的步态周期中的支撑相较治疗前延长(P<0.05),摆动相较治疗前缩短(P<0.05),骶髂关节前错位患者较治疗前足偏角变大(P<0.05),后错位患者足偏角较治疗前变小(P<0.05)。结论:整复手法可以降低骶髂关节错位患者腰背肌肌张力,使两侧腰背肌趋于平衡,且能纠正骨盆的偏歪,改善下肢步态。

3D打印假体在上肢围关节骨缺损治疗中的研究进展

因传统的骨缺损治疗手段在围关节区应用受限,肿瘤、创伤、感染和翻修等多种原因造成的上肢围关节骨缺损的临床处理是骨科医生面临的棘手难题。应用3D打印假体植入直接修复骨缺损的治疗方法已在临床逐渐获得接受与推广,然而目前多数研究停留于病例报告,缺少相关综述报道。本文于国内外数据库检索和收集2010—2022年间发表的相关文献,汇集3D打印假体治疗上肢围关节骨缺损的相关临床研究,从假体结构、重建解剖部位、临床应用背景及临床疗效等角度进行综述分析,旨在总结3D打印假体在上肢围关节骨缺损治疗中的应用现状,并明确该治疗方法的优势及不足,为未来的3D打印骨科材料及临床研究提供指导。

下肢洗剂治疗膝骨关节炎临床观察

目的探讨下肢洗剂治疗膝骨关节炎的效果。方法选择60例膝骨关节炎患者作为研究对象,将其随机分成试验组和对照组,各30例。对照组给予双氯芬酸二乙胺乳胶剂外用,试验组给予下肢洗剂外用,2组均持续治疗2周。观察2组的临床疗效,比较2组治疗前后西安大略大学和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)量表评分、膝关节综合评分、血清学指标变化情况,以及不良反应发生情况。结果试验组的愈显率为66.67%(20/30),高于对照组的50.00%(15/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组患者的WOMAC量表评分、膝关节综合评分及白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平均有不同程度下降,且试验组下降程度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论下肢洗剂对于阳虚寒凝型膝骨关节炎具有治疗作用,可以很好地改善其临床症状,使血清炎性因子水平降低,在临床有一定的应用推广价值。

诱导膜技术治疗下肢骨缺损的研究进展

骨缺损是指骨感染、骨肿瘤、先天性疾病或严重创伤导致的骨结构缺失。由于高能量损伤发生率增加和自身解剖结构特点,下肢骨缺损尤其常见,成为创伤骨科领域的研究难点。传统的治疗方案主要包括带血管蒂的腓骨移植技术、开放植骨技术和骨搬运技术等,但这些技术都存在固有的不足。近年来,诱导膜技术因其操作步骤标准化、简单高效而逐渐用于重建节段性骨缺损。诱导膜技术分为两个阶段:第一阶段是生成具有生物效应的诱导膜,第二阶段是将骨填充物(自体骨、异体骨、人工骨或生物活性物质等)填充到缺损区域,填充后,使用特定的固定方法将骨填充物固定在原有的骨骼结构中。本文对诱导膜技术的基础研究以及国内外治疗下肢骨缺损的相关研究进展进行了综述,旨在讨论其潜在的基础和临床发展方向。

骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折临床疗效分析

目的 探讨使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月~2022年3月深圳市龙华区中心医院创伤骨科使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折患者25例,男性18例,女7例,年龄20~57岁,平均38.6岁,股骨8例,胫骨17例,左侧14例,右侧11例,GustiloⅢC型5例,GustiloⅢB型20例,交通事故17例,重物砸伤8例,2例合并2型糖尿病,合并软组织缺损23例,合并大动静脉缺损3例(缺损长度分别为9 cm, 5 cm, 4 cm),合并踝关节骨折5例。所有病例经清创后出现骨缺损,骨缺损长度5~23 cm,平均缺损长度10 cm,软组织缺损面积8 cm×5 cm~18 cm×10 cm。GustiloⅢC型患者根据缺损动静脉长度进行相应长度骨短缩并用组合式外固定架固定,直接闭合创面或封闭负压引流。GustiloⅢB型患者一期骨短缩3~7 cm并用组合式外固定支架固定,创面直接闭合或封闭负压引流,合并大动静脉缺损患者1.5月后安装Orthofix单边外固定架,并行股骨或胫骨截骨延长术,未合并大动静脉缺损患者术后1周左右复查白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、C反应蛋白及降钙素原正常后,安装Orthofix单边外固定架+股骨或胫骨截骨延长术。结果 随访12~36个月,所有患者骨及软组织缺损均愈合,未出现下肢不等长>2.5 cm、骨延长区域或骨折端再发骨折等并发症。骨性愈合时间为12~24个月,平均18.6个月;骨性愈合指数为31.7~120.2 d/cm,平均63.8 d/cm;外固定时间为12~30个月,平均20.6个月;外固定指数为32.3~117.2 d/cm,平均56.8 d/cm。Ilizarov技术研究与应用学会(Association for Study and Application of Method of Ilizarov, ASAMI)骨愈合评价:优23例,良2例;ASAMI下肢功能评价:优17例,良7例,可1例。结论 使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折可同时修复骨与软组织缺损,无须移植血管神经及皮瓣修复,降低手术难度,值得临床推广。

带锁髓内钉内固定术与加压钢板内固定术对四肢创伤性骨折后骨不连患者的治疗效果比较

目的 对比四肢创伤性骨折后骨不连采用带锁髓内钉内固定术、加压钢板内固定术进行治疗的效果。方法 选择66例四肢创伤性骨折后骨不连患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组33例。对照组患者行加压钢板内固定术治疗,观察组患者行带锁髓内钉内固定术治疗。比较两组手术疗效、手术指标、术后恢复指标、术后并发症发生情况、运动功能、生活能力和膝关节功能。结果 观察组患者手术优良率90.91%(30/33)高于对照组的63.64%(21/33)(P<0.05)。观察组患者手术用时(131.50±15.50)min、切口长度(15.30±2.50)cm、术后住院时间(10.50±1.50)d、患肢恢复时间(22.05±2.20)周短于对照组的(164.50±16.05)min、(18.30±3.30)cm、(15.50±1.50)d、(35.50±2.50)周,术中出血量(365.50±22.50)ml少于对照组的(453.50±30.60)ml(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后并发症发生率6.06%低于对照组的24.24%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者运动功能、生活能力、膝关节功能评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 带锁髓内钉内固定术治疗四肢创伤性骨折后骨不连具有较高的安全性与有效性,手术损伤小、恢复快,能促进患者运动功能、生活能力、膝关节功能恢复。