Likely Limit Sets of a Class of p-order Feigenbaum's Maps

A continuous map from a closed interval into itself is called a p-order Feigenbaum＇s map if it is a solution of the Feigenbaum＇s equation fP（λx）=λf（x）. In this paper, we estimate Hausdorff dimensions of likely limit sets of some p-order Feigenbaum＇s maps. As an application, it is proved that for any 0 〈 t 〈 1, there always exists a p-order Feigenbaum＇s map which has a likely limit set with Hausdorff dimension t. This generalizes some known results in the special case of p =2.

Access to novel anti-diabetic agents in resource limited settings:A brief commentary

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing in resource limited settings.Simultaneously,there has been an increase in the number of novel therapies for the management of diabetes mellitus.However,use of novel antidiabetic therapies is limited because of major market access challenges in resource limited settings.Niching products to those patients with the highest absolute risk for major adverse cardiovascular outcomes,and thus most likely to benefit from the therapy,are less likely to have negative budget impact for funders.To improve access,and reduce morbidity and mortality,requires alignment amongst key stakeholders including patient advocacy groups,health care professional councils,national departments of health,the pharmaceutical industry,treasury and finance departments.

Exclusive Fibula Osteosynthesis for Treating Open Fractures Gustillo I-III B of the Distal Half of the Leg Bones in a Resources-Limited Setting

Introduction: Management of open leg bones fractures is a challenging health issue for the surgeon, particularly true in resource-limited settings. In this study, we evaluate exclusive fibular osteosynthesis in the treatment of open fractures of the distal half of the leg bones as a therapeutic option in our context. Methods: This is a prospective, experimental, multicenter study of 30 open fractures of the distal half of the leg bones treated with exclusive fibula osteosynthesis, conducted in 3 hospitals in the DRC from January 1, 2013 to September 30, 2016. Results: The age range of 20 to 40 years grouped 22 (73.4%) patients, the sex ratio was 1:1 and the unemployed were the most involved with 16 (53.3%) cases. The Gustilo II, I, III B and III A types represented 40%, 33.3%, 20% and 6.7%, respectively. The fractures were located in the distal third in 12 (40%) cases, in the middle third in 11 (36.7%) cases, and in both malleoli in 7 cases (23.3%). Osteosynthesis of the fibula by screw plate was applied in 22 (73.3%) patients and pinning in 8 (26.7%). Satisfactory reduction of the tibial fracture site was achieved in 29 (96.7%) cases and 100% bone healing was achieved within an average of 10 weeks. Four (13.3%) loss of alignment, 1 (3.3%) infection, 1 (3.3%) skin necrosis and 2 (6.7%) ankle stiffness complicated our fractures. Conclusion: Exclusive osteosynthesis of the fibula as a common technique for fractures of the distal half of the leg bones allowed us to reduce, immobilize and consolidate the tibial fracture in the required time and to preserve the mobility of the ankle.

On Limit Sets and Discreteness Criteria for Nonelementary Subgroups of M(~n)

In this paper, we will study the nonelementary groups of MSbius transformations in R^n and some properties are obtained. Also in this paper we will prove several theorems about discreteness criteria and group convergence of nonelementary groups of M（R^n）.

SOME PROPERTIES OF BOUNDED SETS IN INDUCTIVE LIMITS

Let (E,ξ）=indlim (En,ξn） be an inductive limit of a sequence of locally convex spaces,For brevity,denote by (DS) each set Bbounded in (E,ξ） is contained in some En； and (DST) each set B bounded in (E,ξ） is contained and bounded in some (En,ξn）. Theovem 1.(DS) holds provided that (i) for each n∈N,there is a neighborhood Un of o in (En,ξn） and m(n)∈ such that -↑Un^E包含于Em(n),and (ii) for any neighborhood V n of o in (En,ξn）,∞↑Un=1 Vn absorbs every bounded set in (E,ξ）. theorem 2 Let all (En,ξn） be metrizable and (DS) hold,then for each bounded set B IN (E,ξ）and each n ∈N thcrc is a neighborhood U k of o in (Ek,ξk）, 1≤k≤n ,and m(n)∈N such that ——↑(B+U1+U2+…+Un)^E包含于 Em(n). theorem 3. Let all (En,ξn） be Frechet spaces.Then (DST) holds if and only if (i) for each n ∈N,there is u neighborhood U n of in (En,ξn） and m(n)∈N such that 0↑Un^E包含于Em(n),and (ii) for each each closed ,absosed,absolutely conuex,bounded set B in (E,ξ）,∞↑Un=1(（εnB)∩Un）absorbs B,where U n is any neighborhood of o in (En,ξn） and εn is any positive number for every n ∈N。

LIMITING DIRECTIONS OF JULIA SETS OF ENTIRE SOLUTIONS TO COMPLEX DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

In this paper,we mainly investigate the dynamical properties of entire solutions of complex differential equations.With some conditions on coefficients,we prove that the set of common limiting directions of Julia sets of solutions,their derivatives and their primitives must have a definite range of measure.

Accurate equilibrium inversion barrier of ammonia by extrapolation to the one-electron basis set limit

A scheme based on treating uniform singlet-pair and triplet-pair interactions is suggested to extrapolate electron correlation energy of ammonia, calculated at two basis-set levels of ab initio theory in the infinite one-electron basis-set limit. The dual-level method is tested on the extrapolation of the full correlation in coupled-cluster singles and doubles and in the case also a noniterative perturbative correction for connected triple energies for the C3v and D3h structures of ammonia, with correlation-consistent basis sets of the type cc-pVXZ （X = D, T, Q, 5, 6） and aug-cc-pVXZ （X = D, T, Q, 5）. For testing and comparison purposes, the energies reported by Klopper [J. Comput. Chem. 22 1306 （2001）] have been taken. From a corresponding extrapolation of CCSD（T）/AVXZ energies for X = 4, 5, we obtain total inversion barriers of 1833.87 cm-1/1832.33 cm^-1 for the two/three-parameter extrapolation rules, which are in good agreement with other theoretical extrapolation and empirical values in the literature.

Attractor, chain recurrent set and limit set of flow

The properties of attractor, chain recurrent set and limit set of the flow on a compact metric space are studied.

Limit Set Problem of Multi-Agent Systems with Finite States: An Eigenvalue-Based Approach

This paper studies the limit set of multi-agent system with finite states, in which the system is converted into a linear system through an expansion of space. Then, the structure properties of the system matrix are investigated, and the relationships between the eigenvalues and the limit set are developed. As an application, the nilpotent problem of elementary cellular automata(ECA) known as algorithmically undecidable is considered, and all the nilpotent ECA are found out which consists of rules 0, 8, 64, 239, 253, 255.

Use of Dried Blood Spot to Improve the Diagnosis and Management of HIV in Resource-Limited Settings

Over 75% of people infected with HIV live in countries where health resources are very limited for the diagnosis and biological monitoring of people infected by the virus. In resource-limited settings, the use of DBS is a valuable alternative. It has provided technical and economical alternative to the collection of blood in the tubes for testing HIV infection. The DBS can be kept for over a year, it is economical in storage space and facilitates storage conditions because it can be stored at room temperature. It is more discreet and easier to carry over liquid samples that require tubes and other appropriate materials. The amount is sufficient for certain analyses of DNA generally, but may be insufficient for the analysis of viral RNA if the viral load is low. Its disadvantage is often associated with small amounts of blood collected available for testing, and the difficulties encountered in laboratories to extract the maximum possibilities without material contamination. DBS can be stored at room temperature (25℃ - 35℃), at 4℃, -20℃ or even -70℃. With PCR, the DBS is a suitable medium for the diagnosis of patients infected with HIV, virological monitoring by the VL and even analyzing viral genotype. It is a handy stand for the collection, transport and analyses of biological monitoring of HIV infection. It is indeed very suitable for environments with limited accessibility where it is difficult for specialized laboratories to monitor these patients. The DBS is suitable for resource-limited settings.

Fountain Set Limited Launched New Products of 2011 Autumn-Winter Collections:Eco-friendliness and Multi-category

Fountain Set Limited announced that its branch brand'Fountain Set' was producing 2011 autumn-winter collections on the 2010 Intertextile Shanghai Apparel Fabrics Trade Fair,displaying new products

COMPLEXITY OF LIMIT LANGUAGE OF THE ELEMENTARY CELLULAR AUTOMATON OF RULE 22

In this paper, the limit set of the elementary cellular automaton of rule 22 is considered. The limit language is defined from limit set and its complexity is studied by using formal language theory. It is proved that this language is not a regular language. This result shows that the dynamics of this cellular automaton is actually complicated.

大学生使用微信朋友圈限时动态设置动因和影响研究

【目的/意义】旨在探究大学生微信用户使用限时动态设置的动因和影响。【方法/过程】采用质化半结构化访谈的研究方法,对微信朋友圈使用限时动态设置的30名大学生用户进行了半结构化访谈。【结果/结论】微信平台因素(隐私威胁、语境消解、替代性社交方案)和用户个人因素(印象管理、感知控制、生活变迁、从众心理)是影响用户选择使用朋友圈限时动态设置的主要因素。与此同时,用户使用朋友圈限时动态设置后感知到的使用成本(呈现阻碍、印象偏差、不利于弱关系的拓展)和使用收益(便捷管理、回归现实生活)又会对用户限时动态设置的使用行为产生影响。

NON-WANDERING SET OF A CONTINUOUS GRAPH MAP

The non-wandering set Ω(f) for a graph map f is investigated. It is showed that Ω(f) is contained in the closure of the set ER(f) of eventually recurrent points of f and ω-limit set ω(Ω(f)) of Ω(f) is contained in the closure of the set R(f) of recurrent points of f.

基于系统协调度模型的汛限水位分期控制

为协调防洪与兴利的矛盾,提高洪水资源化利用效益,基于改进模糊集方法进行汛期分期,建立系统协调度模型并计算得到汛限水位的动态控制域。以思林水库为例,前、后汛期的汛限水位与发电效益协同贡献度成正比,与防洪风险协同贡献度成反比;为实现系统协调度最大,前、后汛期的汛限水位动态控制域应分别为[435,437]m和[435,438]m,前、后汛期可分别增发电量2169.907×10^(4)、6509.722×10^(4)kW·h,水资源利用量可分别提高0.716×10^(8)、1.079×10^(8)m^(3)。研究成果可提高洪水资源利用效率,为水库安全合理运行提供参考。

工程结构椭球凸集模型可靠度的二次型计算方法研究

工程结构概率可靠度在理论上已经建立了完整的计算体系,但在实际工程应用中却停留在近似或半经验阶段。对于既有工程结构的可靠度评估,由于测试数据有限,采用椭球凸集模型可靠度进行评估有很高的工程价值和广泛的应用前景。椭球凸集模型可靠度有很多种不同的定义,但无论何种定义,如果完全脱离概率可靠度与失效概率的基本假定,则很难与现在基于概率可靠度评估方法的主流实现有效的衔接。从多维正态联合概率密度出发,推导了斜椭球方程及其标准化方法,同时结合极限状态方程,给出了椭球凸集模型可靠度与概率可靠度之间的数学关系。算例表明,得出的特殊简化情况下的椭球凸集模型可靠度计算方法和几何解释,可进一步推动该类可靠度在工程中的应用。

Reproduction of Hedysarum scoparium (Fabaceae) in patched habitat is pollen limited,but not just pollinator limited

Pollen limitation of plant reproduction occurs across Angiosperms, particularly those in patched habitats We investigated the, relationship between pollen limitation and patch variables （patch size, visitation frequency） in the desert plant Hedysarum scoparium （Fabaceae）, which is an important xerophyte in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China and can grow well as a pioneer plant in shifting sand dunes. We observed insect visitation to H. scoparium over two flowering seasons and estimated pollen limitation using fruit set and seed production. Our results indicate that fruit set and seed production increased significantly with pollen supplementation compared with open pollination. Hedysarum scoparium was pollinated by over 8 species of bees, with 88.4% of visits made by introduced honeybees （Apis mellifera）. Bee visitation varied significantly among the patches of habitats, but not associated with patch size of habitat. In general, pollen limitation occurred more strongly during fruit set than during seed production. The patches that received higher rates of pollinator visits were less pollen limited for fruit set. Pollen limitation for seed production, however, was not associated with pollinator visitation frequency. We conclude that pollen limitation in H. scoparium was caused by more than one reason, not just pollinator visits.

排水限压治理在降低地下室抗浮设计中的应用

由于地下水的赋存,补给关系存在较大的不确定性,基岩裂隙水的流动及补给方式更为复杂,大量带有纯地下室的高层建筑、地下车库及下沉式广场的兴建,使得抗浮问题较突出。目前工程中常用的建筑物抗浮措施有采用底板设置抗浮锚杆、抗浮桩、压载之类的方法来被动地抵抗水浮力。这里主要介绍一种较新型的利用拟建场区的地理优势,采用盲沟疏导地下水,达到降低地下室抗浮设计水位的目的。

Challenges in the Management of Sepsis in a Resource-Poor Setting

Background: Sepsis is a deleterious host reaction to microorganism and can lead to high mortality rate. Early recognition and prompt treatment increases the chances of survival. Objective: To outline the challenges in the management of sepsis in a resource limited setting and make appropriate recommendations. Methodology: The data was collected through an online literature search for cases of sepsis managed in resource limited settings from 1990 to 2015. Search terms used included: “sepsis”, “septicaemia”, “incidence”, “prevalence”, “morbidity”, “mortality” and “management challenges” using the English and American spellings. Studies from peer reviewed journals or those presented in professional conferences were selected. Finally, studies with proper definition of sepsis and positive blood cultures were selected. Result: Twenty one studies from eleven resource limited settings were found. A total of 14,862 cases of sepsis were studied with 9260 (62.3%) of neonatal sepsis and 5602 (37.7%) of post neonatal sepsis. Challenges in the management of sepsis that were identified at the community level included: false cultural beliefs and practices, ignorance and poverty, poor health seeking behavior, late presentation, lack of access to skilled care and patronage of unskilled medical practitioners. While challenges identified at the hospital level include: poor knowledge skills of the health workers, delay in making a diagnosis and initiating treatment, poorly equipped laboratory materials and personnel, no protocol for management of sepsis, limited supply of bedside monitoring equipment, poor staffing, repeated industrial actions, use of fake drugs and high cost of care and drugs. Conclusion and recommendation: Management of sepsis in resource limited settings is an uphill task and requires health education and re-orientation of the people. To significantly reduce the mortality associated with sepsis, there is a need to bring health care services to the communities where the people are, improve the management skills of health professionals and translate major components of sepsis management to resource limited settings.

Predicting Virological Failure with Immunological Criteria in First Line ART Patients in a Resource Poor Setting

Indroduction: National Aids control Organisation in India implementing National AIDS control?program uses WHO’s immunological criteria to screen virological failure. Using immunological criteria to detect virological failure has to be assessed. Predicting virological failure with immunological criteria in resource limited settings had low sensitivity. Factors that influence the outcome are studied. Methods: Retrospective study in tertiary care centre for HIV and TB, Chennai, India. Out of 35,044 on ART between January 2008 and September 2009, 452 suspected immunological failures were referred. 273 screened for virological failure.?Frequency, sensitivity/specificity, positive/negative predictive values, chi-square test, odds-ratio, independent sample t test for viral load greater than 10,000 and 1000 of each immunological criterion using Epi-Info and SPSS version 19. Results: 172 had virological failure (62.09%). Average age of failed was 37.33. Single criteria’s sensitivity was 60 to 84 for detecting virolological failure. Two or more criteria had specificity 55 to 79. Combination of two or more criteria increased odds ratio for virological failure. Positive predictive value was above 63 for all criteria. PPV was above 80 to the criterion all three positive. Conclusions: ART naive patients with >95% adherence the sensitivity of immunological criteria to detect virological failure is three times than earlier studies. Combination of criteria is more significantly associated with virological failure. Odds ratio doubled for two or more combination of criteria. Immunological criteria is affordable/acceptable for screening virological failure, with adherence > 95% and longer the duration of ART.