Inhibition of Notch 1 signaling in the subacute stage after stroke promotes striatal astrocyte-derived neurogenesis

Inhibition of Notch1 signaling has been shown to promote astrocyte-derived neurogenesis after stroke.To investigate the regulatory role of Notch1 signaling in this process,in this study,we used a rat model of stroke based on middle cerebral artery occlusion and assessed the behavior of reactive astrocytes post-stroke.We used theγ-secretase inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-diuorophenacetyl)-1-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butylester(DAPT)to block Notch1 signaling at 1,4,and 7 days after injury.Our results showed that only administration of DAPT at 4 days after stroke promoted astrocyte-derived neurogenesis,as manifested by recovery of white matter fiber bundle integrity on magnetic resonance imaging,which is consistent with recovery of neurologic function.These findings suggest that inhibition of Notch1 signaling at the subacute stage post-stroke mediates neural repair by promoting astrocyte-derived neurogenesis.

Standardizing the classification of gastric cancer patients with limited and adequate number of retrieved lymph nodes:an externally validated approach using real-world data

Background:Currently,there is no formal consensus regarding a standard classification for gastric cancer(GC)patients with<16 retrieved lymph nodes(rLNs).Here,this study aimed to validate a practical lymph node(LN)staging strategy to homogenize the nodal classification of GC cohorts comprising of both<16(Limited set)and≥16(Adequate set)rLNs.Methods:All patients in this study underwent R0 gastrectomy.The overall survival(OS)difference between the Limited and Adequate set from a large Chinese multicenter dataset was analyzed.Using the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)pathological nodal classification(pN)for GC as base,a modified nodal classification(N’)resembling similar analogy as the 8th AJCC pN classification was developed.The performance of the proposed and 8th AJCC GC subgroups was compared and validated using the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)dataset comprising of 10,208 multi-ethnic GC cases.Results:Significant difference in OS between the Limited and Adequate set(corresponding N0–N3a)using the 8th AJCC system was observed but the OS of N0_(limited)vs.N1_(adequate),N1_(limited)vs.N2_(adequate),N2_(limited)vs.N3_(aadequate),and N3_(alimited)vs.N3_(badequate)subgroups was almost similar in the Chinese dataset.Therefore,we formulated an N’classification whereby only the nodal subgroups of the Limited set,except for pT1N0M0 cases as they underwent less extensive surgeries(D1 or D1+gastrectomy),were re-classified to one higher nodal subgroup,while those of the Adequate set remained unchanged(N’0=N0_(adequate)+pT1N0M0_(limited),N’1=N1_(adequate)+N0_(limited)(excluding pT1N0M0_(limited)),N’2=N2_(adequate)+N1_(limited),N’3a=N3_(aadequate)+N2_(limited),and N’3b=N3_(badequate)+N3_(alimited)).This N’classification demonstrated less heterogeneity in OS between the Limited and Adequate subgroups.Further analyses demonstrated superior statistical performance of the pTN’M system over the 8th AJCC edition and was successfully validated using the SEER dataset.Conclusion:The proposed nodal staging strategy was successfully validated in large multi-ethnic GC datasets and represents a practical approach for homogenizing the classification of GC cohorts comprising of patients with<16 and≥16 rLNs.

Optimal timing of thoracic irradiation for limited stage small cell lung cancer:Current evidence and future prospects

Lung cancer is a global health concern as the leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide.Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)poses a formidable challenge to the treating physicians with the worst prognosis among all lung cancers.However,limited stage SCLC(LS-SCLC)has a relatively better outcome with multimodality management.Efforts have been focused on optimal integration of treatment modalities to achieve an improved therapeutic ratio for patients with LS-SCLC.While chemotherapy and thoracic radiation therapy(TRT)are primary components of initial management for LS-SCLC,there is no consensus on optimal timing of TRT.Within this context,we herein provide a concise overview of current evidence and future prospects regarding the optimal timing of thoracic irradiation for LS-SCLC in light of the literature.

大分割放疗联合EP化疗治疗LS-SCLC的效果及对免疫功能的影响研究

目的探讨大分割放疗联合顺铂+依托泊苷(EP)化疗治疗局限期小细胞肺癌(LS-SCLC)的效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法100例LS-SCLC患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组给予超分割放疗+EP化疗治疗,观察组给予大分割放疗+EP化疗治疗。比较两组疗效,治疗前后免疫功能指标[CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、自然杀伤细胞(NK)],无进展生存时间、总生存时间、2年生存率及不良事件发生率。结果观察组总有效率为80.00%,高于对照组的58.00%(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)及NK细胞均升高,且观察组CD3^(+)(66.21±4.06)%、CD4^(+)(43.10±3.09)%、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)(1.72±0.19)及NK细胞(15.12±2.74)%高于对照组的(62.18±3.62)%、(39.16±2.99)%、(1.32±0.24)、(12.07±2.17)%;CD8^(+)均降低,且观察组CD8^(+)(21.09±2.75)%低于对照组的(24.72±2.65)%(P<0.05)。观察组无进展生存时间(12.98±2.19)个月、总生存时间(20.19±3.27)个月长于对照组的(8.27±1.98)、(14.29±2.91)个月,2年生存率68.00%高于对照组的42.00%(P<0.05)。观察组不良事件发生率22.00%略低于对照组的32.00%,但差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论大分割放疗联合EP化疗治疗LS-SCLC的效果显著,可有效调节机体免疫功能,延长患者的生存期并提高生存率,安全性高,可在临床推广运用。

Stress redistribution in multi-stage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells in shales

Multi-stage hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells is the main stimulation method in recovering gas from tight shale gas reservoirs, and stage spacing deter- mination is one of the key issues in fracturing design. The initiation and propagation of hydraulic fractures will cause stress redistribution and may activate natural fractures in the reservoir. Due to the limitation of the analytical method in calculation of induced stresses, we propose a numerical method, which incorporates the interaction of hydraulic fractures and the wellbore, and analyzes the stress distri- bution in the reservoir under different stage spacing. Simulation results indicate the following： （1） The induced stress was overestimated from the analytical method because it did not take into account the interaction between hydraulic fractures and the horizontal wellbore. （2） The hydraulic fracture had a considerable effect on the redis- tribution of stresses in the direction of the horizontal wellbore in the reservoir. The stress in the direction per- pendicular to the horizontal wellbore after hydraulic frac- turing had a minor change compared with the original in situ stress. （3） Stress interferences among fractures were greatly connected with the stage spacing and the distance from the wellbore. When the fracture length was 200 m, and the stage spacing was 50 m, the stress redistribution due to stage fracturing may divert the original stress pat- tern, which might activate natural fractures so as to generate a complex fracture network.

Different strategies of treatment for uterine cervical carcinoma stage ⅠB2-ⅡB

Uterine cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy. It is estimated that over 35% of tumors are diagnosed at locally advanced disease, stage ⅠB2-ⅡB with an estimated 5-year overall survival of 60%. During the last decades, the initial treatment for these women has been debated and largely varies through different countries. Thus, radical concurrent chemoradiation is the standard of care in United Sated and Canada, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery is the first line of treatment in some institutions of Europe, Asia and Latin America. Until today, there is no evidence of which strategy is better over the other. This article describe the evidence as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the main strategies of treatment for women affected by uterine cervical cancer stage ⅠB2-ⅡB.

Stage Predictions of Landslide and Subsidence from an Once-Through Cycle

In this paper both processes of landslide and subsidence are considered to be limited systems. Each of these systems in nature might be regarded as an organism. Generally their lifespan must develop with common ecological characteristics, including several evolutional stages, such as initiation, growth, maturation, decline and death. Among these stages, maturation is emphasized so as to find the occurring or thriving date of both systems. An once-through cycle of both landslide and subsidence is established and is accurately predicted by a developed, mathematic model of the Poisson cycle. The Weibull distribution is cited for a landslide example. Both fundamentals are discussed. Stage predictions of landslide and subsidence are performed for several examples. Back analysis of landslides that have already happened are studied with the same model. And when compared with results from the biological mathematic model and with practical results, it is found that they correspond. Stage prediction of subsidences is also researched by the principle of the Poisson cycle.

Effect of TCM Combined with Chemotherapy on Immune Function and Quality of Life of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer inStage Ⅲ-Ⅳ

Objective: To observe and compare the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with chemotherapy (CT) on immune function and quality of life (QOL)of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Methods: One hundred cases with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ NSCLC were randomly divided into two groups. The treated group (n=50) received CT combined with TCM, and the control group received CT alone. The percentage of T lymphocyte subset in peripheral blood and the change of natural killer (NK) cell count were observed after treatment. The QOL and tolerance of CT were also compared between the two groups after treatment. Results: In the treated group, CD3 cell count, CD4 cell count, CD4/ CDg ratio and NK cell activity were higher than those in control group, while CD8 cell count in the treated group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and QOL and tolerance of CT in the treated group were also better (P<0.05). Conclusion: TCM combined with CT could raise the patients' ability in tolerating CT in stage Ⅲ-ⅣNSCLC.

PERFORMANCE OF THREE STAGE TURBO-EQUALIZATION-DECODING

An increasing demand for high data rate transmission and protection over bandlimited channels with severe inter-symbol interference has resulted in a flurry of activity to improve channel equalization, In conjunction with equalization, channel coding-decoding can be employed to improve system performance. In this letter, the performance of the three stage turbo-equalization-decoding employing log maximum a posteriori probability is experimentally evaluated by a fading simulator. The BER is evaluated using various information sequence and interleaver sizes taking into account that the communication medium is a noisy inter symbol interference channel.

Nonlinear Optical Properties and Optical Limiting Measurements of {(1Z)-[4-(Dimethylamino)Phenyl]Methylene} 4-Nitrobenzocarboxy Hydrazone Monohydrate under CW Laser Regime

We report results from the investigation of the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient of {(1Z)-[4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene} 4-nitrobenzocarboxy hydrazone mono-hydrate (DMPM4NBCHM) solution using Z-scan technique with a continuous wave (CW) Argon ion laser. The results show that this type of organic material has a large nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refractive index at 488 nm and 514 nm. The origin of the nonlinear effects was discussed. We demonstrate that the light induced nonlinear refractive index variation, leads to limiting effect. The results indicated that DMPM4NBCHM could be promising candidates for application on nonlinear photonic devices and optical limiters.

MMC-HVDC子模块高频脉冲产生机理分析及保护策略研究

MMC-HVDC工程中子模块数众多,工程中普遍采用最近电平逼近(nearest level modulation,NLM)调制算法,结合桥臂电流方向和子模块电压的大小进行均压排序。基于现有调制均压策略在工程实施过程中不可避免的会产生子模块高开关频率甚至超高开关频率现象。首先分析了工程中高频现象及产生机理,以及高频对换流阀子模块驱动器、功率器件损耗、结温和二极管反向恢复特性影响;然后结合功率器件高频耐受能力及保护的可靠性提出两段式反时限子模块高频保护策略;建立了保护定值整定方法及依据。仿真验证了策略的有效性并开展了保护策略功能测试。该策略具有良好的实时性与可靠性,对系统正常运行无影响,可应用于在运MMC-HVDC工程可靠性提升。

钢绞线(丝)网-聚合砂浆加固混凝土梁的变形计算

钢绞线(丝)网-聚合砂浆加固技术是一项新型加固工艺,具有耐火、耐腐蚀、耐老化等优点.在以往试验研究的基础上,采用换算截面法计算加固梁的等效刚度,推导出加固梁正常使用阶段在集中荷载作用下跨中挠度的计算公式,并通过46根加固梁的80组试验数据对其验证,吻合良好,结果可为实际工程加固设计提供参考,同时也为进一步研究加固梁的力学性能建立理论基础.

双级PIN限幅器的微波脉冲响应机理及规律

基于双级限幅器中两个PIN二极管的多物理场仿真模型与限幅器中其他电路元器件的SPICE模型,搭建了Si基双级PIN限幅器的场路协同仿真模型,利用这一模型对微波脉冲作用下限幅器中两级PIN二极管的温度响应特性进行了仿真.在此基础上对限幅器在不同频率、幅值微波脉冲信号作用下内部发生熔化现象所需的时间与能量进行了仿真,并对这一过程进行了机理分析与响应特性规律总结.仿真结果表明,当限幅器中第一级PIN二极管内部最高温度已达到材料熔点时,第二级PIN二极管的温度变化幅度较小.限幅器内部发生熔化现象所消耗的时间与能量随信号幅值、频率的变化呈现出规律性关系,发生熔化现象所需的时间随信号幅值或频率的提升而减小;发生熔化现象所需的能量随频率的提升而降低,随幅值的变化存在极大值点;限幅器的响应特性对信号参数表现出了不同的敏感性.

局限期小细胞肺癌的放射治疗进展

当前,同步放化疗及预防性颅脑照射是局限期小细胞肺癌的标准治疗方案。尽管其疗效明显,但仍有1/3的患者会出现局部复发。为探讨如何最大程度控制局部复发及提高生存期,本文分析了局限期小细胞肺癌放射治疗的研究现状,探索其最佳放射时机、靶区、剂量、分割方式,及预防性颅脑照射。此外,还对局限期小细胞肺癌新兴的放射治疗联合免疫治疗进行了概述。

基于系统协调度模型的汛限水位分期控制

为协调防洪与兴利的矛盾,提高洪水资源化利用效益,基于改进模糊集方法进行汛期分期,建立系统协调度模型并计算得到汛限水位的动态控制域。以思林水库为例,前、后汛期的汛限水位与发电效益协同贡献度成正比,与防洪风险协同贡献度成反比;为实现系统协调度最大,前、后汛期的汛限水位动态控制域应分别为[435,437]m和[435,438]m,前、后汛期可分别增发电量2169.907×10^(4)、6509.722×10^(4)kW·h,水资源利用量可分别提高0.716×10^(8)、1.079×10^(8)m^(3)。研究成果可提高洪水资源利用效率,为水库安全合理运行提供参考。

ZF1-P2井双封单卡多段压裂现场应用

针对大庆油田Z6区块低渗透扶余油藏储层物性差、自然产能低、常规压裂改造增产效果差等问题,在ZF1-P2井开展水平井多段压裂现场试验,应用点源限流射孔技术进行加密布缝,采用双封单卡工艺一趟管柱完成十五段压裂施工,通过对各段加砂规模的精确控制实现了脱砂压裂。压后产液9.5t/d,产油8.1t/d,是周围直井压裂产液、产油量的6.3倍和7.4倍,是同区块压裂水平井的1.4倍和1.6倍,增产效果和经济效益显著,为大庆油田水平井多段压裂积累了经验。

多元秩-序模型中回归系数的估计

通过对多元秩-序模型的研究得到了模型的逆回归性质,基于该性质提出了回归系数的估计方法.当自变量满足线性条件时,不用预先设定扰动项的具体分布便可以得到回归系数方向的估计,并且这个估计与回归系数只相差一个正常数因子.证明了估计是n^(1/2)相合的.模拟结果表明估计有良好的大样本性质.

Ruedi-AllogwerⅢ型pilon骨折两种治疗策略的疗效分析

目的对Ruedi-AllogwerⅢ型pilon骨折患者对比分析分期切开复位内固定(分期ORIF)和外固定联合有限切开复位内固定2种治疗方法的临床疗效。方法方便选取2012年1月—2015年12月该所收治的70例pilon骨折患者,分别采用分期切开复位内固定(A组,35例)和外固定联合有限切开复位内固定(B组,35例)治疗,比较两组术后伤口感染率、骨折愈合时间、骨不愈合、Burwell-Charnley评分、Mazur踝关节评分。结果 A组伤口感染率8.60%。B组伤口感染率5.70%。两组在感染率方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者骨折均获得骨性愈合,A组时间为为14~21周,平均16.6周;B组时间为13~19周,平均17.1周。两组在骨折不愈合,骨折愈合时间方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在术后踝关节功能恢复Mazur评分系统,A组优良率为:85.71%,B组优良率为:74.28%。两组在术后踝关节功能恢复方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但两组优良率相差11.43%。在骨折复位Burwell-Charnley评分方面,A组复位可接受率为:97.14%;B组复位可接受率为:82.86%。A组Burwell-Charnley评分优于B组,并且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。骨折复位程度与踝关节功能恢复之间相关度为0.627(P<0.001),两者间有相关性并且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于闭合性、软组织条件较好的pilon骨折,正确把握手术时机,分期ORIF可以取得非常良好的临床效果。对于开放性骨折,软组织条件差的pilon骨折,采用外固定联合有限切开复位内固定,临床效果令人满意。

化疗联合大分割放疗或超分割放疗治疗局限期小细胞肺癌的疗效对比研究

目的比较研究化疗联合大分割放疗或超分割放疗治疗局限期小细胞肺癌的疗效。方法选择2018年1月~2023年2月浙江新安国际医院收治的局限期小细胞肺癌患者80例,采用随机分组法分为超分割组和大分割组,每组40例。两组化疗方案相同,均采用顺铂+依托泊苷方案化疗,静脉滴注依托泊苷(5mL:0.1g),剂量100mg/m2,d1-3;静脉注射顺铂,剂量75mg/m^(2),d1。化疗周期21天,共6个周期。在化疗的第2个周期开始联合放疗。超分割组给予超分割放疗,总剂量45Gy,1.5Gy/次,2次/d,两次放疗至少间隔6小时,每周放疗5天;大分割组给予大分割放疗,总剂量55Gy,2.5Gy/次,1次/d,每周放疗5天。观察两组临床疗效(近期疗效和无疾病进展生存率(PFS)、肿瘤指标[癌胚抗原(CEA)、血管内皮细胞生长因子受体(VEGFR)、内皮抑素(ES)、循环内皮细胞(CEC)]和T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+))、生活质量(KPS评分)、≥3级的不良事件。结果(1)近期疗效。大分割组与超分割组缓解率(92.50%&85.00%)比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.127,P=0.288);无疾病进展生存期大分割组[(20.80±2.12)个月]高于超分割组[(15.00±1.87)个月],两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.068,P=0.044)。(2)肿瘤指标。治疗后两组CEA、VEGFR1、VEGFR2、CEC均较治疗前降低,ES较治疗前升高(均P<0.05);两组之间比较各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)T淋巴细胞亚群。治疗后,CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均较治疗前升高,大分割组较超分割组更高,CD8^(+)较治疗前降低,大分割组较超分割组更低(均P<0.05)。(4)生活质量。大分割组生活质量优于超分割组(Z=2.006,P=0.045)。(5)不良事件。两组≥3级的放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎、放射性气管炎、骨髓抑制、肝功能损伤发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论局限期小细胞肺癌采用大分割放疗联合化疗的疗效和安全性与超分割放疗联合化疗相似,但大分割放疗联合化疗可改善机体免疫功能,提高生活质量,提高无疾病进展生存期。

超高分子量聚乙烯双抗复合材料在顺槽转载机中的应用

介绍了超高分子量聚乙烯双抗复合材料在煤矿用顺槽转载机上的应用,并对其关键部件进行力学分析,通过理论分析和试验验证,提出超高分子量聚乙烯双抗复合材料在煤矿用顺槽转载机上的应用的局限性和适用性,为超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料在煤矿机电设备上的应用提供借鉴。