Shaping a New Level of Bus Service under a Novel Concept of Bus Interaction: A Meta-Review

Public transport services, particularly bus services, play an important role in a sustainable transportation system. However, despite various efforts, bus ridership has decreased. The appearance of shared and on-demand vehicle services is one of the main reasons for this issue. In addition, bus tourism services have been successfully developed to meet the exigent needs of tourists. Therefore, a new level of daily bus service is necessary to adapt to the changing demands of customers. Bus interaction (BI) plays an important role in bus services. Nevertheless, the conventional concept of BI mainly refers to users, physical interaction, and safety, but it does not address non-users, non-physical interactions, service quality, and other aspects. This study aims to elaborate on a new concept of bus services. Based on this, we developed a theoretical framework for BI. A meta-analysis was then conducted to identify the achievements and untouched aspects. The results of this study provide three main contributions. First, an unprecedented novel concept of BI is defined, including 13 types of interactions. Second, a comprehensive theoretical framework of BI is established based on the relationships between eight sustainable bus system sub-aspects and 13 BI types. Third, based on the theoretical framework and findings of the reviewed studies, a common finding comprehensive framework of BI is completed, which is accompanied by 1) key findings of the 13 BI types, 2) conclusions of traffic conditions affecting BI research, 3) BI research gaps, and 4) 16 main suggestions for future BI research.

Exploring the Commuters’ Willingness-to-Pay and Its Influencing Factors for an Improved Public Bus Service in Dhaka City

Improved transportation services are a crucial component of urban growth, particularly in emerging cities like Dhaka. Ensuring an improved public bus service quality is a challenge for the city’s transport planners and policy makers. Nevertheless, this challenge can’t be met without the support of the residents of this city. This study intends to evaluate the commuters’ willingness to pay (WTP) for an improved and better public bus service quality in Dhaka city. It also attempts to explore the factors affecting the commuters’ WTP amounts. In order to accomplish the study’s goals, a stated preference survey was designed to enquire into the whys and wherefores of female passengers’ harassment on public buses and also to prefer some influential service quality features. WTP values of respondents were calibrated using binary and ordinal logistic models, and these models were developed using SPSS version 26. The results indicate that the majority of respondents were willing to pay more for better service facilities, and they point to security as the most important factor in determining how much extra fare commuters are willing to pay. The results also demonstrate that commuters’ WTP amounts are highly influenced by the respondents’ monthly income. Results from this study have important policy implications, such as protecting women’s safety on public transportation and taking commuters’ socio-demographic characteristics into account before enacting any legislation or increasing fares.

Customer Perception of Bus Services Based on the SERVQUAL Dimensions——A report of Wessex Red Bus service in UK

With the development of society, customers are having an increasing expectation on bus service. Problems such as bus being late all the time seem to become common. It usually annoys the customers and have a bad influence on bus companies.It's crucial to improve the bus service. This report adapts and applies a modified SERVQUAL approach to estimate the service quality in public transport. Wessex Red servcie, bus service in England UK, operated in partnership with the University of the West of England and the University of Bristol, is evaluated in the report being representative for bus service. In this study, the author has applied the SERVQUAL questionnaire among the three groups of customers in Bristol UK based on these five dimensions of SERVQUAL:"Tangibles, Responsiveness, Assurance, Reliability and Empathy"(Parasuraman, 1988). The results illustrates a high degree of importance placed on reliability, in which bus being late is an issue most concerned. The author analyzes the problem and finally provides suggestions and recommendation for the issue. This study is to provide a quality evaluation tool readily usable by transport operators willing to certify the service offered and it also offers a tool for practioners characterized by flexibility so as to fit individual needs. In addition, this study is beneficial to students who are learning Marketing. The study provides students a methodology in their marketing research. It also gives students a tool to evaluate services so as to set up their marketing plan and could give a better horizon to understand marketing.

Optimizing bus services with variable directional and temporal demand using genetic algorithm

As a major mode choice of commuters for daily travel, bus transit plays an important role in many urban and metropolitan areas. This work proposes a mathematical model to optimize bus service by minimizing total cost and considering a temporally and directionally variable demand. An integrated bus service, consisting of all-stop and stop-skipping services is proposed and optimized subject to directional frequency conservation, capacity and operable fleet size constraints. Since the research problem is a combinatorial optimization problem, a genetic algorithm is developed to search for the optimal result in a large solution space. The model was successfully implemented on a bus transit route in the City of Chengdu, China, and the optimal solution was proved to be better than the original operation in terms of total cost. The sensitivity of model parameters to some key attributes/variables is analyzed and discussed to explore further the potential of accruing additional benefits or avoiding some of the drawbacks of stop-skipping services.

Utility and Weight of Factors of Bus Transit's Service Quality Analysis in Nanjing

Service quality is a major factor that affects how public transport users evaluate bus service. In order to evaluate how bus users make trade-offs across travel cost,time,reliability,etc.,and to investigate the extent to which the components of service quality vary according to relevant trip characteristics,this paper analyzes service quality of bus transit with the conjoint analysis. Through data analysis,the levels 'utility values of reliability,waiting time,walking time,etc.,on the commuter trip and the non-commuter trip are gotten,so it is the utility function of the transit system. Then the factors' weights are obtained through the utility values. The results show that on the commuter trip,passengers value reliability the most,which is followed by waiting time and walking time,while in-bus environment,price and station environment's weights are small. While on the non-commuter trip,the weights in a higher order to lower order are the first for reliability,the second for in-bus environment,the third for walking time,the fourth for station environment and the last for ticket price.

Enterprise Service Bus: A Performance Evaluation

The flexibility offered by an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) in enabling various applications to exchange data makes it a very important middleware layer that is responsible for transporting data in a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). The popularity of the ESB has given rise to a number of commercial off the shelf (COTS) products as well as open source ESBs. In this study, we evaluated three open source ESBs and compared them both qualitatively and quantitatively. The empirical results were statistically tested to determine the statistical significance of the results.

Application of CAN Bus in Hotel Guest Room Service and Management System

Technical features about CAN bus are described. One kind of scheme in Hotel Guest Room Service and Management System based on CAN bus is presented. The system's structure and main function are expounded. The work principle and design of the system's hardware and software are explained. The realization of the system's hardware and software is detailed from aspects of improving system's anti-jamming and fault self-examined capability, and the block diagram of each part's circuit is given. Finally, features of the system are summarized, and a comparison with the system based on RS485 was made to prove the advantages of the system. By practice, CAN bus in the system can transmit data steadily and reliably.

Gap Analysis between Women Passengers’ Perception and Expectations about Bus Service: A Case Study on Bangladesh

Since public bus service is frequently available and reasonably priced in major cities of Bangladesh including Dhaka, the capital city, a significant number of economically active women regularly commute to work utilizing public buses. Since female commuters experience unique challenges compared to their male counterparts, a gap analysis on the perception of men and women, as well as the difference between the female commuters’ perceptions and expectations, could help to pinpoint the issues. The aim of this paper is to determine the gap between female commuters’ perceptions and expectations of bus service quality in Bangladesh, as well as the current perception of both male and female passengers. In this paper, the data obtained is studied to determine the service quality needs which should be improved by analyzing the perception and expectation gaps for female passengers. SERVQUAL models were used to examine the disparities between perceptions and aspirations in Bangladesh’s major cities. Tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy are the five dimensions of SERVQUAL. The data for this study was collected from 1500 commuters in Bangladesh’s largest cities, including Dhaka, Gazipur, and Narayanganj. Primary data was gathered using a purpose-built questionnaire survey. The Gap values are negative in all dimensions, according to the findings of the study. In the data analysis, a negative gap value indicates that the expectation exceeds the perception. According to the gap analysis, the quality of bus service for passengers is insufficient. Bus service quality is seen and expected to be quite varied. It is vital to improve bus service to meet the needs of women. The findings could be valuable in planning future transportation policies that take female commuters’ needs into account.

An Analysis of the Women Commuters’ Satisfaction in the Public Bus Service in Bangladesh: A Survey on Local Buses in Major Cities

Bangladesh is one of the most populated developing countries where public bus service plays a vital role as a public transport mode since it is easily available and cost-effective. In the social, commercial, educational, and administrative spheres, women’s participation in the labor force in economic enterprises is steadily expanding in the country. Very little research considers only women commuters to analyze the service quality of public buses and they selected only Dhaka city as a study area. However, a large number of trips were generated by women commuters in the industrial and commercial zones such as Gazipur, Narayanganj, and Dhaka. This paper ascertains the public bus service attributes that affect women commuters’ satisfaction as well as finds out the major problems of women commuters while traveling on public buses and the possible solutions to them. This survey included 766 women commuters from Dhaka, Narayanganj, and Gazipur who were interviewed face to face. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used as the instrument for identifying the service quality (SQ) attributes that influenced the women commuters’ satisfaction. A series of models were developed based on the trial-and-error method and the model M3 is selected as the best fit according to SEM fit indices values. The study’s main goal was to compile a list of service quality attributes that influence women commuters’ satisfaction. Major issues with the current public bus service in terms of safety and security, as well as remedies, were identified through discussions with experienced female commuters. These findings reveal that women commuters’ satisfaction is primarily influenced by safety and security, as well as the degree of comfort provided by bus service because they frequently encounter major safety and security issues on public buses and want an immediate remedy. This paper offers some potential strategies for addressing the issues, which may prompt policymakers to pay more attention to these aspects in transportation planning.

Common Information Model： A Bus Service for Electric Calculations in AES Eletropaulo

This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power transmission and distribution area were evaluated, allowing the definition of state of the art on the theme, followed by determining its applications considering technologies already applied by the company. The specifications needed for the generation of a data integration model are adapted to radial overhead network at company concession area. The project developed an intermediary connectivity layer, based on the CIM （common information model）, which enables corporative systems to communicate in a standard way, through the use of integrating technologies. It, therefore, enabled modeling all main subjects of an electrical network in an open, extensible and non-proprietary way, in a model that contains classes and attributes of such subjects, as well as their relationships. Calculation and planning products adopted by the company were integrated to the technological layer implemented.

Scheduling Mobile Data Services in a Bluetooth

Public buses play an important role in public transportation in most parts of the world and it is still the dominant public transportation mode in some regions. Nowadays, as people switch to a mobile lifestyle, they spend significant amount of time on the traveling to work, back and forth. However, not much research has been done on how to provide some on-board service for those commuters in the public bus. This paper presents a Bluetooth-based system which is inexpensive, yet flexible, and scalable to serve commuters in a personalized manner using Bluetooth enabled mobile phones. However, from the Bluetooth specification, one Bluetooth dongle can connect to at most seven other Bluetooth devices. As we expect more than 7 users to use the services provided in the Bluetooth-based system (a full double-deck bus can carry around 100 passengers), we need to work out an effective scheduler to schedule all the private services on the Bluetooth servers in the bus. This paper also describes a scheduling algorithm that exploits the park mode feature of the Bluetooth specification to allow more users to have access to the Bluetooth services on the bus.

Enterprise service bus and standard based hospital integration platform and its application research

For healthcare organizations, there is increasing needs to share data among applications to deliver qualitypatient care. It is a key for successful diagnosis and treatment to view accurate and up-to-date patient data in a single information dashboard in real time. But the fact is that many hospitals and healthcare providers today are struggling with legacy system or internally developed systems that cannot easily scale to support new interfaces; the plethora of inflexible point-to-point interfaces make changing in one system deleteriously impact other systems; some systems could not support information sharing; and the standards followed by different systems are not compatible to each other. This is making it increasingly difficult to meet the rapidly changing and demanding of healthcare service.

一种基于ESB技术的居民社保信息共享平台研究

本文基于社保部门对居民社保信息共享的业务需求,提出了一种基于ESB的居民社保信息共享平台的设计,解决了政府部门和其他外部机构对居民社会保险信息的查询及共享问题,有效降低社保柜台的压力,提高社保机构对居民社保信息的科学化管理程度。

第二代媒体服务总线技术MSB2实现及应用

一 MSB产生的背景 任何一个技术的产生,必然有其业务背景.媒体服务总线（Media Service Bus,MSB）是索贝公司在近几年电视台全台网化技术潮流中,逐步抽象并总结出的技术架构.

A Unified Monitoring Framework for Distributed Environment

Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems. With the increasing computing capacity of computers it is widely used to solve large problems. Monitoring system is one of the key components in distributed computing. Although there have been varieties of monitoring systems developed by different organizations, it is still a great challenge to monitor a heterogeneous distributed environment in a unified and transparent way. In this paper, we present a unified monitoring framework for distributed environment (UMFDE) with heterogeneous monitoring systems, and then propose a comprehensive method based on the Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) to integrate the monitoring systems in the environment as a unified monitoring system. A representative case study is given to show the feasibility of this framework.

论提高物流道路运输服务企业的核心竞争力

物流道路运输服务企业核心竞争力是物流道路运输服务企业面对市场竞争的优势所在。就此,在阐述物流道路运输服务企业和企业核心竞争力概念的基础上,提出物流道路运输服务企业应进行市场定位,针对目标客户做好业务创新服务,提供增值服务;加强人才培养和企业文化等方面的建设,提高企业的物流服务水平和核心竞争力。

软件新品

IBM发布“小深蓝宝箱”系列解决方案，中科红旗推出Red FIag DC Server5．0新品，BEA AquaLogic Service BUS 2．0新品上市。

Event-Driven SOA Based Integration Platform for Mold Making Industry

The platform consists of three administers the infrastructure of the whole platform; layers： the management service layer the integration service layer provides the core integration functions and the user service layer satisfies the enterprise integration demands. For the purpose of accommodating the characteristics of mold making companies, an event-driven enterprise service bus working as the heart of the platform is realized. A prototype system combining Web services, Business Process Execution Language （BPEL） and Web Ontology Language （OWL） is implemented. The clients and suppliers and the applications of mold making company are integrated in a loosely-coupled way through the services provided by the platform. Meanwhile the sharing of data and knowledge, and the coordination of business process are realized. By adopting the platform, a new approach is provided to solve the problem of design and manufacture integration for intra and inter mold making companies.

Urban rail transit disruption management: Research progress and future directions

Urban rail transit (URT) disruptions present considerable challenges due to several factors: i) a high probability of occurrence, arising from facility failures, disasters, and vandalism;ii) substantial negative effects, notably the delay of numerous passengers;iii) an escalating frequency, attributable to the gradual aging of facilities;and iv) severe penalties, including substantial fines for abnormal operation. This article systematically reviews URT disruption management literature from the past decade, categorizing it into pre-disruption and post-disruption measures. The pre-disruption research focuses on reducing the effects of disruptions through network analysis, passenger behavior analysis, resource allocation for protection and backup, and enhancing system resilience. Conversely, post-disruption research concentrates on restoring normal operations through train rescheduling and bus bridging services. The review reveals that while post-disruption strategies are thoroughly explored, pre-disruption research is predominantly analytical, with a scarcity of practical pre-emptive solutions. Moreover, future research should focus more on increasing the interchangeability of transport modes, reinforcing redundancy relationships between URT lines, and innovating post-disruption strategies.

WEB智能化住宅小区 物业管理信息系统(IPMIS)设计

本文针对住宅小区的智能化需求,构建了一个基于 Web 的智能小区物业信息集成以及物业信息网络化管理和服务的系统框架。物业系统基于 LonWorks 的网络集成可以真正实现多网合一,而且,物业服务模型和设计结合电子商务可以满足物业费用网上支付的需求。