The globalization and the intensive competition of th e automotive market require shortening the product development cycle, improving the quality and reducing the cost. Optimizing the product development process, b ui...The globalization and the intensive competition of th e automotive market require shortening the product development cycle, improving the quality and reducing the cost. Optimizing the product development process, b uilding product’s consistent defining model for life cycle, and realizing the in tegration of CAD/CAM/CAE and Concurrent Engineering (CE) become the means to acc ept the challenge. A new product modeling technology, Multi Model Technology (MM T), is provided in this paper to meet the needs of the challenge for automotive powertrain product development. First, the paper introduces the concept of Multi Model Technology. MMT introduce s Object-oriented Technology (OT) into product modeling process and combine OT with feature-based modeling technology. With the help of OT, MMT builds product object model to support system level management in product development. The obj ect model of the product is a Multi Model Structure. The MMS consists of finish part model level (assembly model level), rough part model level (part model leve l), function model level and basic model level. Every models in the MMS is creat ed by feature-based technology in design process. In this case, models in the M MS of product can be shared by casting mould, sand core and sand core mould. The refore, CAD engineers, CAE engineers and CAM engineers can work concurrently and the integration of CAD/CAM/CAE can be realized. Second, MMT is applied in cylinder head development. The multi model structures of cylinder head, its casting mould, sand core and sand core mould are built, an d the process-oriented feature models of every objects in the multi model struc tures are modeled, the application of different model objects in development pro cess is analyzed. The integrated modeling technology of cylinder head, its casti ng mould, sand core and sand core mould under MMT is studied. And the concurrent engineering oriented integration method of CAD/CAE and the method to realize th e integration of CAD/CAE under MMT are also discussed. Based on above, the integ ration of CAD/CAM/CAE of cylinder head is realized in automotive powertrain prod uct. The practice results shows that the modeling technology in this paper can optimi ze the development process, realize the data sharing and concurrent engineering in the product development process.展开更多
The economy is globalizing. But how are the different economic world regions performing regarding globalization of trade flows? Why are they performing differently? Globalization is not only the increase of internatio...The economy is globalizing. But how are the different economic world regions performing regarding globalization of trade flows? Why are they performing differently? Globalization is not only the increase of international trade between certain preferential geographic areas of economy, but also the resulting increase of interweavement of trade flows between different geographical areas, independent of the amount of trade. This paper is a revised and expanded version of the paper entitled “World Trade and Associated Systems Risk of Global Inequality: Empiric Study of Globalization Evolution between 2003-2011 and Regional Pattern Analysis” presented at International Conference on Applied Economics (ICOAE2013), Istanbul, 27-29 June, 2013. This paper analyzes the evolution of world trade flows between 2003-2012 and performs a cross-section analysis of the year 2012. The economic interweavement will be measured by an inequality risk metric applied to the supply-demand matrix. This risk indicator is based on the concept of statistical entropy resulting in an inequality risk measure, giving an indication for the degree of economic globalization and the evolution of globalization in different geographical regions. In addition, it analyses the governing rational of globalization evolution. The result of this research shows that economic trade flows are globalizing, but with clear different regional patterns, not only between globalizing and de-globalizing regions, but also within the globalizing and de-globalizing regions itself. The emerging economies such as China or the Middle East are globalizing whereas mature economies such as North America and Europe are de-globalizing, confirming for globalization of the inverse Kuznets evolution. The different patterns between the different economic world regions can be explained by using the Globalization Type’s Model as well as the Central Theorem of Globalization.展开更多
文摘The globalization and the intensive competition of th e automotive market require shortening the product development cycle, improving the quality and reducing the cost. Optimizing the product development process, b uilding product’s consistent defining model for life cycle, and realizing the in tegration of CAD/CAM/CAE and Concurrent Engineering (CE) become the means to acc ept the challenge. A new product modeling technology, Multi Model Technology (MM T), is provided in this paper to meet the needs of the challenge for automotive powertrain product development. First, the paper introduces the concept of Multi Model Technology. MMT introduce s Object-oriented Technology (OT) into product modeling process and combine OT with feature-based modeling technology. With the help of OT, MMT builds product object model to support system level management in product development. The obj ect model of the product is a Multi Model Structure. The MMS consists of finish part model level (assembly model level), rough part model level (part model leve l), function model level and basic model level. Every models in the MMS is creat ed by feature-based technology in design process. In this case, models in the M MS of product can be shared by casting mould, sand core and sand core mould. The refore, CAD engineers, CAE engineers and CAM engineers can work concurrently and the integration of CAD/CAM/CAE can be realized. Second, MMT is applied in cylinder head development. The multi model structures of cylinder head, its casting mould, sand core and sand core mould are built, an d the process-oriented feature models of every objects in the multi model struc tures are modeled, the application of different model objects in development pro cess is analyzed. The integrated modeling technology of cylinder head, its casti ng mould, sand core and sand core mould under MMT is studied. And the concurrent engineering oriented integration method of CAD/CAE and the method to realize th e integration of CAD/CAE under MMT are also discussed. Based on above, the integ ration of CAD/CAM/CAE of cylinder head is realized in automotive powertrain prod uct. The practice results shows that the modeling technology in this paper can optimi ze the development process, realize the data sharing and concurrent engineering in the product development process.
文摘The economy is globalizing. But how are the different economic world regions performing regarding globalization of trade flows? Why are they performing differently? Globalization is not only the increase of international trade between certain preferential geographic areas of economy, but also the resulting increase of interweavement of trade flows between different geographical areas, independent of the amount of trade. This paper is a revised and expanded version of the paper entitled “World Trade and Associated Systems Risk of Global Inequality: Empiric Study of Globalization Evolution between 2003-2011 and Regional Pattern Analysis” presented at International Conference on Applied Economics (ICOAE2013), Istanbul, 27-29 June, 2013. This paper analyzes the evolution of world trade flows between 2003-2012 and performs a cross-section analysis of the year 2012. The economic interweavement will be measured by an inequality risk metric applied to the supply-demand matrix. This risk indicator is based on the concept of statistical entropy resulting in an inequality risk measure, giving an indication for the degree of economic globalization and the evolution of globalization in different geographical regions. In addition, it analyses the governing rational of globalization evolution. The result of this research shows that economic trade flows are globalizing, but with clear different regional patterns, not only between globalizing and de-globalizing regions, but also within the globalizing and de-globalizing regions itself. The emerging economies such as China or the Middle East are globalizing whereas mature economies such as North America and Europe are de-globalizing, confirming for globalization of the inverse Kuznets evolution. The different patterns between the different economic world regions can be explained by using the Globalization Type’s Model as well as the Central Theorem of Globalization.
